IPO registrations (S-1, F-1) · Registrants
IPO underwriters in 2017
The investment banks named as underwriters in the final prospectus of every priced offering here, ranked by the gross proceeds of the deals they were on. A deal counts once for every firm in its underwriting syndicate; “as lead” counts the representatives or book-running managers named on the cover.
| # | Firm | Deals in 2017 | As lead in 2017 | Proceeds in 2017 | Deals | As lead | IPOs | Proceeds of deals | Proceeds as lead | Years | Registered |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Citigroup | 56 | 38 | $25,075,316,767 | 1,955 | 1,012 | 1,749 | $863,586,166,716 | $458,163,431,706 | 1994–2026 | |
| 2 | Morgan Stanley | 49 | 44 | $24,535,241,434 | 1,778 | 1,114 | 1,628 | $853,993,056,347 | $642,267,426,866 | 1994–2026 | |
| 3 | Goldman Sachs | 49 | 37 | $22,409,770,416 | 1,725 | 1,201 | 1,611 | $852,111,045,316 | $651,377,636,938 | 1994–2026 | |
| 4 | Credit Suisse | 49 | 31 | $21,389,484,080 | 1,525 | 870 | 1,389 | $1,036,626,860,231 | $684,156,126,306 | 1994–2023 | |
| 5 | J.P. Morgan | 63 | 44 | $20,372,273,993 | 1,834 | 1,125 | 1,653 | $850,833,107,159 | $582,380,071,775 | 1994–2026 | |
| 6 | Deutsche Bank | 33 | 13 | $14,854,654,551 | 1,132 | 482 | 1,055 | $606,945,118,305 | $149,388,082,262 | 1996–2026 | |
| 7 | BofA Securities | 32 | 2 | $13,805,390,515 | 1,320 | 460 | 1,219 | $700,572,400,056 | $245,621,770,026 | 1999–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 8 | Barclays | 26 | 13 | $11,556,006,194 | 655 | 319 | 611 | $493,254,222,672 | $141,248,018,502 | 1996–2026 | |
| 9 | Stifel | 37 | 8 | $9,402,145,063 | 722 | 160 | 687 | $325,299,915,114 | $20,530,366,432 | 1994–2026 | |
| 10 | Merrill Lynch | 24 | 16 | $9,325,284,645 | 1,259 | 674 | 1,104 | $409,094,353,035 | $223,441,632,689 | 1994–2024 | |
| 11 | Wells Fargo | 28 | 9 | $8,713,487,901 | 483 | 121 | 459 | $383,916,856,433 | $26,709,370,086 | 2000–2026 | |
| 12 | RBC Capital Markets | 28 | 7 | $8,569,269,549 | 888 | 206 | 846 | $475,312,436,779 | $36,489,794,969 | 1996–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 13 | Piper Sandler | 30 | 9 | $7,324,411,492 | 1,236 | 409 | 1,147 | $331,150,793,886 | $40,164,404,739 | 1994–2026 | |
| 14 | HSBC | 5 | 1 | $6,548,440,000 | 156 | 18 | 146 | $220,952,796,847 | $42,788,330,946 | 1996–2025 | |
| 15 | Raymond James | 24 | 1 | $6,262,244,850 | 956 | 127 | 887 | $354,038,723,325 | $11,234,205,352 | 1994–2026 | |
| 16 | Bradesco BBI | 5 | 1 | $5,903,500,000 | 15 | 2 | 13 | $25,964,279,050 | $434,285,717 | 2010–2026 | |
| 17 | UBS | 13 | 6 | $5,466,529,696 | 1,036 | 435 | 958 | $847,708,399,241 | $129,848,621,178 | 1996–2026 | |
| 18 | Baird | 15 | 3 | $5,278,037,986 | 608 | 86 | 566 | $185,990,583,027 | $9,212,644,519 | 1994–2026 | |
| 19 | Itau BBA | 3 | 2 | $5,101,020,000 | 21 | 12 | 17 | $28,598,025,876 | $9,609,049,807 | 2010–2026 | |
| 20 | Allen & Company | 9 | 1 | $4,881,717,000 | 215 | 30 | 204 | $114,286,973,810 | $9,209,693,064 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 21 | Jefferies | 30 | 22 | $4,776,822,033 | 931 | 460 | 873 | $248,961,487,693 | $94,846,011,859 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 22 | Itaú BBA | 2 | 1 | $4,769,000,000 | 19 | 2 | 16 | $29,388,597,952 | $194,444,443 | 2005–2025 | |
| 23 | William Blair | 23 | 0 | $4,538,894,338 | 870 | 144 | 821 | $315,616,203,797 | $11,874,232,644 | 1994–2026 | |
| 24 | Evercore | 12 | 2 | $4,438,015,261 | 240 | 93 | 234 | $139,462,170,229 | $19,035,918,057 | 2011–2026 | |
| 25 | Tudor, Pickering, Holt | 8 | 0 | $4,101,865,010 | 55 | 1 | 55 | $25,767,021,581 | $165,000,000 | 2009–2022 | |
| 26 | BMO Capital Markets | 17 | 7 | $3,984,551,670 | 264 | 71 | 254 | $167,357,999,001 | $11,872,637,970 | 2000–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 27 | Cowen | 27 | 17 | $3,593,138,118 | 1,086 | 380 | 1,005 | $275,620,128,907 | $48,288,490,860 | 1994–2026 | |
| 28 | Simmons & Company | 8 | 0 | $3,543,740,000 | 97 | 10 | 91 | $29,259,850,210 | $1,687,748,115 | 1994–2021 | |
| 29 | Credit Agricole CIB | 3 | 1 | $3,509,290,870 | 43 | 1 | 41 | $46,080,888,866 | $1,918,290,870 | 2010–2026 | |
| 30 | Scotiabank | 4 | 0 | $3,396,720,880 | 122 | 8 | 98 | $130,530,260,255 | $1,907,810,307 | 1996–2026 | |
| 31 | BNP Paribas | 5 | 1 | $3,095,590,870 | 100 | 13 | 82 | $138,052,913,891 | $3,296,390,881 | 2000–2026 | |
| 32 | Oppenheimer | 9 | 0 | $2,946,470,849 | 674 | 128 | 605 | $158,412,465,252 | $19,302,370,805 | 1994–2026 | |
| 33 | Truist Securities | 12 | 0 | $2,917,234,263 | 666 | 55 | 612 | $198,923,295,075 | $4,298,793,559 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 34 | Macquarie | 8 | 1 | $2,879,266,686 | 93 | 10 | 90 | $157,378,187,902 | $1,827,850,000 | 2005–2026 | |
| 35 | Societe Generale | 2 | 0 | $2,683,290,870 | 71 | 2 | 64 | $141,936,287,727 | $818,000,000 | 1994–2026 | |
| 36 | KeyBanc Capital Markets | 13 | 1 | $2,623,514,010 | 471 | 23 | 422 | $121,771,160,950 | $4,836,932,204 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 37 | Nomura | 5 | 0 | $2,602,540,000 | 140 | 17 | 136 | $106,193,829,760 | $4,652,541,277 | 1994–2026 | |
| 38 | TD Securities | 3 | 0 | $2,598,230,870 | 95 | 23 | 81 | $112,006,343,067 | $7,848,498,204 | 1997–2026 | |
| 39 | MUFG | 4 | 0 | $2,476,315,000 | 50 | 1 | 43 | $77,715,434,408 | - | 2014–2026 | |
| 40 | Scotia Howard Weil | 5 | 0 | $2,282,745,010 | 14 | 0 | 14 | $5,901,495,010 | - | 2015–2018 | |
| 41 | Mizuho | 5 | 1 | $2,227,492,000 | 125 | 19 | 119 | $283,974,494,845 | $11,271,533,141 | 2001–2026 | |
| 42 | Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co. Securities, Inc | 4 | 0 | $2,108,390,010 | 27 | 1 | 27 | $12,255,591,777 | $165,000,000 | 2010–2023 | Broker-dealer |
| 43 | Needham & Company | 10 | 0 | $2,070,349,250 | 620 | 68 | 578 | $184,600,883,648 | $6,704,277,840 | 1995–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 44 | Canaccord Genuity | 11 | 0 | $1,905,750,000 | 261 | 21 | 246 | $78,170,972,676 | $1,654,839,102 | 2000–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 45 | JMP Securities | 13 | 1 | $1,707,605,007 | 300 | 36 | 278 | $79,459,343,852 | $2,309,249,339 | 2002–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 46 | Wedbush Securities | 11 | 0 | $1,686,798,175 | 268 | 14 | 249 | $59,488,729,244 | $638,246,416 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 47 | CICC | 3 | 1 | $1,629,300,000 | 53 | 30 | 52 | $63,839,055,401 | $10,320,685,800 | 2003–2026 | |
| 48 | Seaport Global Securities | 3 | 0 | $1,471,100,000 | 11 | 4 | 10 | $3,790,100,000 | $499,000,000 | 2016–2024 | Broker-dealer |
| 49 | Stephens | 10 | 3 | $1,418,073,338 | 340 | 50 | 316 | $74,700,375,007 | $4,392,667,745 | 1994–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 50 | I-bankers Securities | 9 | 1 | $1,400,000,000 | 146 | 26 | 144 | $19,803,503,500 | $1,933,060,000 | 2000–2026 | |
| 51 | KBW | 9 | 3 | $1,337,062,500 | 238 | 82 | 207 | $106,915,406,728 | $7,590,672,812 | 1996–2026 | |
| 52 | CLSA | 2 | 0 | $1,334,400,000 | 37 | 2 | 36 | $46,187,018,535 | $150,550,000 | 2000–2024 | |
| 53 | Ladenburg Thalmann | 7 | 3 | $1,333,511,875 | 287 | 59 | 241 | $24,878,260,432 | $3,026,781,620 | 1994–2026 | |
| 54 | Guggenheim Securities | 5 | 1 | $1,207,704,574 | 171 | 41 | 166 | $93,490,204,316 | $7,566,059,085 | 2011–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 55 | Cantor Fitzgerald | 4 | 3 | $1,033,000,000 | 290 | 208 | 280 | $148,315,660,003 | $43,264,715,382 | 1999–2026 | |
| 56 | Chardan | 10 | 4 | $1,014,540,000 | 125 | 79 | 117 | $10,746,483,391 | $5,923,865,314 | 2005–2026 | |
| 57 | D.A. Davidson | 2 | 0 | $1,005,987,500 | 108 | 21 | 91 | $38,162,719,764 | $792,624,666 | 1997–2026 | |
| 58 | China Renaissance | 4 | 3 | $974,000,000 | 42 | 18 | 42 | $27,079,103,380 | $7,227,317,000 | 2013–2023 | |
| 59 | ABN AMRO | 2 | 0 | $969,990,010 | 128 | 11 | 104 | $96,053,548,220 | $5,855,887,500 | 1996–2021 | Broker-dealer |
| 60 | Janney Montgomery Scott | 2 | 0 | $968,708,338 | 375 | 19 | 335 | $65,973,878,591 | $588,649,081 | 1994–2025 | Broker-dealer |
| 61 | FBR | 5 | 3 | $910,800,000 | 260 | 86 | 222 | $50,752,181,380 | $6,347,650,278 | 1996–2020 | |
| 62 | Leerink Partners | 10 | 10 | $891,630,922 | 284 | 180 | 270 | $46,540,396,068 | $22,542,620,651 | 1996–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 63 | BDO Capital & Investment | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 64 | Cathay Securities | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 16 | 12 | 16 | $1,217,820,000 | $117,600,000 | 2017–2025 | Broker-dealer |
| 65 | Cathay Securities Corporation Offshore Securities Unit | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 66 | DBS | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 4 | 1 | 4 | $23,157,675,398 | $233,333,338 | 2012–2017 | |
| 67 | Mandiri Sekuritas | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 68 | PT Mandiri Sekuritas | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 69 | PWP Securities | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 70 | Viet Capital | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 71 | Viet Capital Securities JSC | 1 | 0 | $884,400,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $884,400,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 72 | Securities | 8 | 2 | $861,631,250 | 58 | 13 | 53 | $3,753,209,371 | $538,320,000 | 1996–2026 | |
| 73 | BTIG | 5 | 0 | $855,930,928 | 202 | 85 | 193 | $70,227,608,092 | $16,343,258,546 | 2013–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 74 | KKR Capital Markets LLC | 1 | 0 | $826,000,000 | 14 | 4 | 12 | $6,724,650,208 | $1,023,100,000 | 2009–2025 | Broker-dealer |
| 75 | EarlyBirdCapital | 4 | 2 | $732,500,000 | 102 | 64 | 101 | $10,714,473,248 | $7,164,680,000 | 2003–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 76 | Pacific Crest Securities | 5 | 0 | $563,504,000 | 190 | 10 | 180 | $61,897,945,190 | $404,446,552 | 1996–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 77 | Johnson Rice | 3 | 0 | $562,500,000 | 79 | 10 | 67 | $12,361,219,599 | $689,617,339 | 1994–2025 | |
| 78 | Apollo Global Securities | 2 | 0 | $549,999,997 | 17 | 0 | 17 | $7,915,633,110 | - | 2012–2025 | Broker-dealer |
| 79 | Wolfe Research | 1 | 0 | $549,993,000 | 42 | 1 | 42 | $41,697,645,208 | $434,285,717 | 2010–2026 | |
| 80 | Houlihan Lokey | 1 | 0 | $508,440,000 | 18 | 0 | 17 | $6,854,461,321 | - | 2010–2026 | |
| 81 | Credicorp Capital | 1 | 0 | $496,000,000 | 2 | 0 | 2 | $908,772,099 | - | 2013–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 82 | National Bank of Canada Financial Markets | 1 | 0 | $496,000,000 | 3 | 0 | 3 | $3,171,000,000 | - | 2017–2025 | |
| 83 | Capital One Securities | 3 | 0 | $492,500,000 | 43 | 1 | 41 | $22,581,900,380 | $150,000,000 | 2013–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 84 | Barrington Research | 1 | 0 | $490,000,000 | 9 | 0 | 9 | $2,147,753,954 | - | 2005–2025 | |
| 85 | BTG Pactual | 1 | 0 | $490,000,000 | 18 | 3 | 17 | $81,413,885,819 | $729,614,043 | 2013–2026 | |
| 86 | forth opposite the underwriter’s name. Citigroup Global Markets Inc | 1 | 0 | $480,000,000 | 3 | 1 | 3 | $702,050,000 | $30,000,000 | 2005–2017 | |
| 87 | Fifth Third Securities | 1 | 0 | $473,990,010 | 29 | 0 | 27 | $17,673,868,215 | - | 1999–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 88 | Petrie Partners Securities | 1 | 0 | $473,990,010 | 2 | 0 | 2 | $690,418,574 | - | 2017–2018 | Broker-dealer |
| 89 | Cibc Capital Markets | 2 | 0 | $467,500,000 | 19 | 0 | 17 | $35,824,240,657 | - | 2017–2026 | |
| 90 | ING | 2 | 0 | $467,440,000 | 119 | 74 | 112 | $134,859,322,258 | $90,075,353,918 | 1996–2026 | |
| 91 | Academy Securities | 1 | 0 | $454,000,000 | 110 | 0 | 109 | $111,650,845,992 | - | 2015–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 92 | Commerzbank | 1 | 0 | $454,000,000 | 12 | 1 | 9 | $26,936,387,498 | $193,700,000 | 2000–2023 | |
| 93 | Commerz Markets LLC | 1 | 0 | $454,000,000 | 8 | 0 | 6 | $25,742,687,498 | - | 2010–2023 | Broker-dealer |
| 94 | Moelis | 1 | 0 | $454,000,000 | 34 | 13 | 34 | $11,401,095,432 | $3,229,888,782 | 2010–2026 | |
| 95 | Regions Securities Llc | 2 | 0 | $407,500,000 | 14 | 0 | 13 | $8,588,342,176 | - | 2013–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 96 | Clarksons | 2 | 0 | $397,666,673 | 6 | 0 | 6 | $764,942,673 | - | 2015–2024 | |
| 97 | B. Riley Securities | 3 | 2 | $352,500,000 | 94 | 41 | 83 | $15,646,024,075 | $5,498,039,764 | 2004–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 98 | CIBC World Markets | 1 | 1 | $340,000,000 | 385 | 136 | 354 | $115,119,722,252 | $12,133,254,001 | 1999–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 99 | SMBC Nikko | 1 | 0 | $339,940,000 | 56 | 3 | 51 | $74,526,223,163 | $213,570,852 | 2003–2026 | |
| 100 | Roth Capital Partners | 13 | 9 | $317,387,325 | 237 | 139 | 181 | $16,227,031,099 | $4,561,817,705 | 1996–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 101 | Northland Securities | 6 | 1 | $314,969,625 | 76 | 16 | 58 | $8,740,150,759 | $905,317,114 | 2011–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 102 | LionTree Advisors LLC | 1 | 0 | $310,000,015 | 8 | 0 | 8 | $5,194,007,687 | - | 2017–2024 | Broker-dealer |
| 103 | Maxim Group | 9 | 8 | $300,281,766 | 258 | 163 | 193 | $15,466,060,259 | $6,645,662,925 | 2004–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 104 | Loop Capital Markets | 1 | 0 | $300,000,000 | 170 | 7 | 160 | $199,788,011,717 | $690,352,719 | 1999–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 105 | underwriter’s name. Number of Units Cantor Fitzgerald & Co | 1 | 1 | $300,000,000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | $300,000,000 | $300,000,000 | 2017 | |
| 106 | Units Citigroup Global Markets Inc | 1 | 0 | $300,000,000 | 9 | 0 | 9 | $2,970,000,000 | - | 2006–2025 | |
| 107 | Units Wells Fargo Securities, LLC | 1 | 1 | $300,000,000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | $300,000,000 | $300,000,000 | 2017 | |
| 108 | CastleOak Securities | 1 | 0 | $280,000,000 | 26 | 0 | 24 | $65,929,068,058 | - | 2010–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 109 | Passive Bookrunners | 1 | 0 | $280,000,000 | 2 | 0 | 2 | $475,652,170 | - | 2017–2021 | |
| 110 | PNC Capital Markets, Inc | 1 | 0 | $280,000,000 | 41 | 0 | 34 | $30,128,451,725 | - | 2001–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 111 | Table of | 1 | 0 | $250,000,000 | 16 | 3 | 9 | $1,131,405,000 | $3,015,000 | 2005–2018 | |
| 112 | Investments | 1 | 0 | $221,000,000 | 2 | 1 | 2 | $274,770,000 | $53,770,000 | 2004–2017 | |
| 113 | Pro Forma as of December 31 | 1 | 0 | $221,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $221,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 114 | National Bank of Canada Financial Inc | 1 | 1 | $210,000,000 | 3 | 1 | 2 | $1,312,000,000 | $210,000,000 | 2008–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 115 | ADSs Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated | 1 | 0 | $200,025,000 | 3 | 0 | 2 | $390,525,000 | - | 2010–2017 | |
| 116 | Bryan, Garnier & Co | 1 | 0 | $200,025,000 | 10 | 0 | 9 | $1,739,447,738 | - | 2000–2023 | |
| 117 | The ADSs | 1 | 0 | $200,025,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $200,025,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 118 | Freeman & Co | 1 | 0 | $190,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $190,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 119 | Freeman & Co. Securities LLC | 1 | 0 | $190,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $190,000,000 | - | 2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 120 | Sandler O'Neill & Partners L.P | 2 | 1 | $183,094,222 | 105 | 8 | 85 | $35,872,538,903 | $216,687,151 | 1997–2019 | Broker-dealer |
| 121 | ICBC International | 2 | 0 | $174,000,000 | 6 | 0 | 5 | $16,314,453,000 | - | 2010–2019 | |
| 122 | China Merchants Securities (hk) | 1 | 0 | $157,500,000 | 10 | 1 | 10 | $1,298,225,000 | $26,125,000 | 2014–2021 | |
| 123 | Joint Lead | 1 | 0 | $150,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $150,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 124 | Joint Passive | 1 | 0 | $150,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $150,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 125 | Bb&t Capital Markets | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 49 | 3 | 39 | $13,092,031,136 | $421,740,000 | 2000–2018 | |
| 126 | BOK Financial Securities, Inc | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 4 | 0 | 4 | $1,327,442,033 | - | 2016–2022 | Broker-dealer |
| 127 | Citizens | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 46 | 2 | 38 | $23,904,507,145 | $318,000,000 | 2016–2026 | |
| 128 | Comerica Securities | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 14 | 0 | 13 | $9,318,279,312 | - | 2007–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 129 | Heikkinen Energy Advisors | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 2 | 0 | 2 | $760,833,327 | - | 2016–2017 | |
| 130 | IBERIA Capital Partners L.L.C | 1 | 0 | $127,500,000 | 3 | 0 | 2 | $287,500,000 | - | 2013–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 131 | Oddo Bhf | 1 | 0 | $125,000,007 | 3 | 0 | 3 | $789,347,846 | - | 2017–2020 | |
| 132 | U.S. Lead Manager | 1 | 0 | $125,000,007 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $125,000,007 | - | 2017 | |
| 133 | Units Cowen and Company, LLC | 1 | 0 | $125,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $125,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 134 | ADSs Morgan Stanley & Co. International Limited | 1 | 0 | $101,000,000 | 10 | 0 | 10 | $3,946,958,790 | - | 2004–2021 | |
| 135 | China Renaissance Securities (Hong Kong) Limited | 1 | 1 | $101,000,000 | 28 | 12 | 28 | $14,915,566,780 | $4,280,475,000 | 2013–2023 | Broker-dealer |
| 136 | Units Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc | 1 | 0 | $100,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $100,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 137 | Craig-Hallum | 4 | 1 | $96,525,000 | 63 | 25 | 49 | $13,333,638,494 | $1,668,424,189 | 1999–2026 | |
| 138 | FIG Partners | 1 | 0 | $86,250,000 | 12 | 2 | 8 | $815,851,804 | $89,726,796 | 2007–2019 | Broker-dealer |
| 139 | Network 1 Financial | 3 | 2 | $79,772,730 | 32 | 25 | 31 | $672,145,187 | $526,465,187 | 1996–2025 | |
| 140 | Marketable securities | 1 | 0 | $78,000,000 | 7 | 2 | 4 | $359,620,000 | $38,600,000 | 2000–2017 | |
| 141 | Selling, general and administrative | 1 | 0 | $75,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $75,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 142 | Year ended December 31 | 1 | 0 | $75,000,000 | 3 | 0 | 3 | $2,125,490,000 | - | 2009–2021 | |
| 143 | Imperial Capital | 2 | 0 | $70,950,000 | 19 | 6 | 17 | $3,475,411,335 | $615,000,000 | 2011–2021 | Broker-dealer |
| 144 | Units EarlyBirdCapital, Inc | 1 | 0 | $60,000,000 | 2 | 0 | 2 | $210,000,000 | - | 2017–2019 | |
| 145 | Number of Units EarlyBirdCapital, Inc | 1 | 1 | $57,500,000 | 2 | 2 | 2 | $282,500,000 | $282,500,000 | 2017–2021 | |
| 146 | Aegis Capital | 5 | 3 | $43,204,996 | 95 | 59 | 66 | $3,794,392,482 | $2,128,266,664 | 1996–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 147 | Feltl and | 1 | 0 | $40,000,000 | 19 | 2 | 16 | $414,981,469 | $26,857,856 | 2005–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 148 | MDB Capital Group LLC | 1 | 0 | $40,000,000 | 5 | 3 | 4 | $95,208,000 | $43,208,000 | 2012–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 149 | Spartan Securities Group, Ltd | 1 | 1 | $40,000,000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | $40,000,000 | $40,000,000 | 2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 150 | Wunderlich Securities | 1 | 1 | $37,500,000 | 35 | 3 | 28 | $4,623,343,948 | $71,500,000 | 1998–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 151 | of Contents | 3 | 1 | $36,352,000 | 251 | 64 | 185 | $7,461,576,212 | $2,749,527,410 | 2004–2026 | |
| 152 | H.C. Wainwright | 6 | 4 | $32,133,891 | 157 | 41 | 115 | $11,739,674,319 | $695,893,645 | 1996–2026 | |
| 153 | National Securities | 2 | 1 | $31,775,000 | 47 | 13 | 33 | $1,681,300,895 | $449,927,497 | 1996–2021 | Broker-dealer |
| 154 | Dawson James | 4 | 2 | $28,613,386 | 52 | 33 | 29 | $1,426,785,272 | $693,220,806 | 2006–2026 | |
| 155 | ViewTrade | 3 | 3 | $26,631,250 | 25 | 13 | 22 | $579,090,965 | $178,491,250 | 2014–2022 | |
| 156 | Joseph Gunnar | 3 | 2 | $25,990,000 | 54 | 15 | 37 | $2,145,879,253 | $139,297,498 | 2004–2026 | |
| 157 | The Benchmark Company | 2 | 1 | $21,190,098 | 176 | 129 | 150 | $9,605,947,192 | $6,069,472,461 | 2013–2026 | Broker-dealer |
| 158 | of C Ontents | 1 | 0 | $19,081,038 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $19,081,038 | - | 2017 | |
| 159 | T Able | 1 | 1 | $19,081,038 | 1 | 1 | 1 | $19,081,038 | $19,081,038 | 2017 | |
| 160 | Rodman & Renshaw | 5 | 3 | $17,279,610 | 86 | 33 | 62 | $2,813,761,716 | $522,525,200 | 1996–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 161 | Axiom Capital | 1 | 0 | $12,390,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $12,390,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 162 | Axiom Capital Management | 1 | 0 | $12,390,000 | 12 | 4 | 9 | $214,428,100 | $58,954,350 | 1999–2024 | Broker-dealer |
| 163 | Management, Inc | 1 | 0 | $12,390,000 | 2 | 0 | 0 | $66,390,000 | - | 2017–2021 | |
| 164 | Laidlaw & Company | 1 | 1 | $12,000,000 | 21 | 13 | 18 | $274,493,073 | $114,134,813 | 1996–2026 | |
| 165 | Number of ADSs Laidlaw & Company (UK) Ltd | 1 | 0 | $12,000,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $12,000,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 166 | Euro Pacific Capital | 1 | 1 | $9,600,000 | 4 | 2 | 1 | $112,799,989 | $22,799,989 | 2012–2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 167 | Pacific Capital | 1 | 0 | $9,600,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $9,600,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 168 | Daiwa Securities Co. Ltd | 1 | 0 | $8,892,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $8,892,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 169 | SBI Securities Co. Ltd | 1 | 0 | $8,892,000 | 1 | 0 | 1 | $8,892,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 170 | December 31, Successor | 1 | 0 | $7,500,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $7,500,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 171 | Predecessor | 1 | 0 | $7,500,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $7,500,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 172 | Short-term investment | 1 | 0 | $7,500,000 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $7,500,000 | - | 2017 | |
| 173 | WallachBeth Capital | 1 | 0 | $6,100,000 | 18 | 14 | 16 | $149,161,980 | $118,861,980 | 2016–2025 | Broker-dealer |
| 174 | Capital Corp | 1 | 1 | $5,400,000 | 27 | 11 | 13 | $354,998,171 | $186,229,574 | 2007–2025 | |
| 175 | Dougherty & Company | 1 | 0 | $2,352,000 | 5 | 0 | 3 | $161,200,390 | - | 2001–2020 | Broker-dealer |
| 176 | respective names. Units National Securities Corporation | 1 | 1 | $2,352,000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | $2,352,000 | $2,352,000 | 2017 | |
| 177 | Banco Bradesco BBI S.A. 0 J.P. Morgan Securities LLC | 1 | 0 | - | 1 | 0 | 1 | - | - | 2017 | |
| 178 | Banco do Brasil Securities LLC | 1 | 0 | - | 1 | 0 | 1 | - | - | 2017 | Broker-dealer |
| 179 | Commodity Futures Trading | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 2017 | |
| 180 | R.F. Lafferty | 1 | 0 | - | 36 | 17 | 34 | $699,433,633 | $235,113,633 | 2017–2026 | |
| 181 | Santander | 1 | 1 | - | 72 | 27 | 66 | $145,928,811,115 | $7,672,304,706 | 2004–2026 |
181 firms active in 2017, up to 300. Proceeds are the gross proceeds of the whole deal (price times shares sold), not the firm’s own allocation. “Registered” marks firms matched by name to the SEC’s broker-dealer list.
Data: SEC EDGAR. The quarterly full index (every S-1, S-1/A, F-1 and F-1/A since 1993, with the pricing prospectus, notice of effectiveness and withdrawal request of each registrant) and the company submissions data (SIC, state of incorporation, address, EIN, tickers, former names). Offering terms are read from the cover pages of the registrant's final prospectus (424B4, 424B1) and its latest registration statement before pricing: the price range, the final price, shares offered, gross proceeds (the cover's total, else price times shares), exchange and ticker, and the underwriters named on the cover and in the underwriting table (loader/s1_terms.py). Underwriter names are normalised, so Goldman, Sachs & Co. of 1999 and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC of 2024 are one firm.