IPO registrations (S-1, F-1) · Underwriters

First Albany

Deals
161 priced offerings as an underwriter, 6 as lead manager or representative; 145 initial public offerings
Proceeds of those deals
$15,673,779,270 ($88,022,027 as lead)
Years
1994–2003
Named in
171 prospectuses and registration statements in all, including offerings not yet priced or withdrawn
Named as
First Albany; First Albany Corporation

Deals by year

YearDealsAs leadProceeds of deals
200310$37,000,000
200210$42,500,000
200120$316,000,000
2000240$2,734,052,500
1999430$8,892,761,488
1998180$593,913,675
1997394$1,818,758,677
1996312$1,169,317,930
199420$69,475,000

Deals 161

PricedCompanyRolePriceRangeSharesProceedsListingKindSyndicateProspectus
2003-08-06ReAble Therapeutics, Inc. TXSyndicate$4.009,250,000$37,000,000Nasdaq ENMCOffering5424B4 ↗
2002-06-04PLUMTREE SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$8.505,000,000$42,500,000Nasdaq PLUMIPO11424B4 ↗
2001-12-07LAWSON SOFTWARE AMERICAS, INC MNSyndicate$14.0014,000,000$196,000,000Nasdaq LWSNIPO14424B4 ↗
2001-02-16RIVERSTONE NETWORKS INC CASyndicate$12.0010,000,000$120,000,000Nasdaq RSTNIPO12424B4 ↗
2000-11-02EVERGREEN SOLAR INC MASyndicate$14.003,000,000$42,000,000Nasdaq ESLRIPO12424B1 ↗
2000-10-05NEWPOWER HOLDINGS INC NYSyndicate$21.0024,000,000$504,000,000IPO40424B1 ↗
2000-08-21VIASOURCE COMMUNICATIONS INC FLSyndicate$8.005,000,000$40,000,000IPO43424B1 ↗
2000-08-09RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD L3Syndicate$10.004,000,000$40,000,000IPO38424B1 ↗
2000-08-09PHARSIGHT CORP CASyndicate$10.003,000,000$30,000,000IPO38424B4 ↗
2000-08-02ENTRAVISION COMMUNICATIONS CORP CASyndicate$16.5046,000,000$759,000,000IPO53424B4 ↗
2000-07-25INTERLAND INC GASyndicate$12.005,000,000$60,000,000Nasdaq ILNDIPO24424B1 ↗
2000-07-13NETWORK ENGINES INC MASyndicate$17.006,500,000$110,500,000Nasdaq NENGIPO36424B4 ↗
2000-06-29ACCORD NETWORKS LTD GASyndicate$11.005,000,000$55,000,000Nasdaq ACCDIPO14424B1 ↗
2000-06-23MANUFACTURERS SERVICES LTD MASyndicate$16.0011,000,000$176,000,000IPO38424B4 ↗
2000-06-08UBIQUITEL INC PASyndicate$8.0012,500,000$100,000,000IPO33424B4 ↗
2000-05-18US UNWIRED INC LASyndicate$11.008,000,000$88,000,000IPO36424B1 ↗
2000-04-21PEC SOLUTIONS INC VASyndicate$9.503,000,000$28,500,000IPO37424B4 ↗
2000-04-20EMBARCADERO TECHNOLOGIES INC CASyndicate$10.004,200,000$42,000,000IPO29424B4 ↗
2000-04-07LIVEPERSON INC NYSyndicate$8.004,000,000$32,000,000Nasdaq LPSNIPO21424B4 ↗
2000-04-05ULTICOM, INC NJSyndicate$2.574,250,000$10,922,500Nasdaq ULCMIPO23424B4 ↗
2000-03-28MOLDFLOW CORP MASyndicate$3.913,000,000$11,730,000Nasdaq MFLOIPO6424B1 ↗
2000-03-23BLAZE SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$16.004,000,000$64,000,000Nasdaq BLZEIPO7424B4 ↗
2000-03-03REGISTER COM INC NYSyndicate$24.005,000,000$120,000,000Nasdaq RCOMIPO21424B4 ↗
2000-02-28HOTELS COM TXSyndicate$16.005,400,000$86,400,000IPO39424B4 ↗
2000-02-10QUOVADX INC COSyndicate$18.005,000,000$90,000,000Nasdaq XCARIPO11424B4 ↗
2000-02-10WITNESS SYSTEMS INC GASyndicate$20.003,800,000$76,000,000Nasdaq WITSIPO16424B1 ↗
2000-02-10DELANO TECHNOLOGY CORP A6Syndicate$18.005,000,000$90,000,000Nasdaq DTECIPO6424B4 ↗
2000-02-04AVANEX CORP CASyndicate$13.006,000,000$78,000,000Nasdaq AVNXIPO11424B4 ↗
1999-12-16OPTIO SOFTWARE INC GASyndicate$10.005,000,000$50,000,000Nasdaq OPTOIPO14424B4 ↗
1999-12-14AGILE SOFTWARE CORP CASyndicate$174.002,500,000$435,000,000Nasdaq AGILOffering14424B4 ↗
1999-11-22SCIQUEST INC NCSyndicate$16.007,500,000$120,000,000IPO31424B1 ↗
1999-11-19LIFEMINDERS INC VASyndicate$14.004,200,000$58,800,000Nasdaq LFMNIPO19424B1 ↗
1999-11-05PAC-WEST TELECOMM INC CASyndicate$10.0012,600,000$91,000,000Nasdaq PACWIPO20424B4 ↗
1999-10-26VIADOR INC CASyndicate$9.004,000,000$36,000,000Nasdaq VIADIPO19424B4 ↗
1999-10-22SYCAMORE NETWORKS INC MASyndicate$38.007,475,000$284,050,000Nasdaq SCMRIPO17424B4 ↗
1999-10-08JUPITER COMMUNICATIONS INC CTSyndicate$21.003,125,000$65,625,000IPO15424B1 ↗
1999-10-07CALICO COMMERCE INC/ CASyndicate$14.004,000,000$56,000,000Nasdaq CLICIPO16424B4 ↗
1999-09-29NETSOLVE INC TXSyndicate$13.003,700,000$48,100,000Nasdaq NTSLIPO7424B4 ↗
1999-09-24INTERSPEED INC MASyndicate$12.003,500,000$42,000,000IPO23424B1 ↗
1999-09-23EGAIN Corp CASyndicate$12.005,000,000$60,000,000Nasdaq EGANIPO7424B4 ↗
1999-08-26IMAGEX COM INC WASyndicate$7.003,000,000$21,000,000Nasdaq IMGXIPO15424B4 ↗
1999-08-13QUEST SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$14.004,400,000$61,600,000Nasdaq QSFTIPO7424B1 ↗
1999-08-11U S INTERACTIVE INC/PA CASyndicate$10.004,615,000$28,650,000Nasdaq USITIPO16424B4 ↗
1999-08-05COBALT GROUP INC WASyndicate$11.004,500,000$49,500,000Nasdaq CBLTIPO13424B4 ↗
1999-07-30WATCHGUARD TECHNOLOGIES INC WASyndicate$13.003,500,000$45,500,000Nasdaq WGRDIPO18424B4 ↗
1999-07-30NET2PHONE INC NJSyndicate$3.335,400,000$17,982,000Nasdaq NTOPIPO14424B1 ↗
1999-07-30ACCRUE SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$10.003,900,000$39,000,000Nasdaq ACRUIPO8424B4 ↗
1999-07-23ZIFF DAVIS, INC. NYSyndicate$9.508,500,000$80,750,000IPO28424B4 ↗
1999-07-21VOYAGER NET INC MISyndicate$2.569,000,000$23,040,000IPO28424B4 ↗
1999-07-20BE INC CASyndicate$6.006,000,000$36,000,000Nasdaq BEOSIPO14424B1 ↗
1999-07-20ENGAGE INC MASyndicate$15.006,000,000$90,000,000Nasdaq ENGAIPO12424B4 ↗
1999-07-13CYREN Ltd. L3Syndicate$16.003,000,000$48,000,000IPO17424B4 ↗
1999-07-01PRIMUS KNOWLEDGE SOLUTIONS INC WASyndicate$11.004,150,000$45,650,000Nasdaq PKSIIPO7424B4 ↗
1999-06-29NFRONT INC GASyndicate$10.003,900,000$39,000,000Nasdaq NFNTIPO15424B1 ↗
1999-06-25FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS INC NYSyndicate$14.00430,200$6,022,800Nasdaq FISIIPO10424B1 ↗
1999-06-25PERSISTENCE SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$11.003,000,000$33,000,000Nasdaq PRSWIPO10424B4 ↗
1999-06-25JUNIPER NETWORKS INC CASyndicate$34.004,800,000$163,200,000Nasdaq JNPRIPO18424B1 ↗
1999-06-22RAMP NETWORKS INC CASyndicate$11.004,000,000$44,000,000Nasdaq RAMPIPO8424B4 ↗
1999-06-04F5, INC. WASyndicate$10.003,000,000$30,000,000Nasdaq FFIVIPO17424B4 ↗
1999-06-04SOUNDVIEW TECHNOLOGY GROUP INC CTSyndicate$9.007,600,000$68,400,000Nasdaq WITCIPO25424B1 ↗
1999-05-20ARDENT COMMUNICATIONS INC VASyndicate$19.006,000,000$114,000,000Nasdaq CAISIPO24424B4 ↗
1999-05-17BANKRATE INC FLSyndicate$13.003,500,000$45,500,000Nasdaq ILIFIPO22424B1 ↗
1999-05-14NEXTCARD INC CASyndicate$20.006,000,000$120,000,000IPO28424B4 ↗
1999-05-05SILKNET SOFTWARE INC NHSyndicate$15.003,000,000$45,000,000Nasdaq SILKIPO13424B1 ↗
1999-05-04MAPQUEST COM INC PASyndicate$15.004,600,000$69,000,000Nasdaq MQSTIPO6424B4 ↗
1999-05-04GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC NYSyndicate$53.0069,000,000$3,657,000,000NYSE GSIPO80424B4 ↗
1999-04-30APPLIEDTHEORY CORP NYSyndicate$16.004,500,000$72,000,000Nasdaq ATHYIPO29424B4 ↗
1999-03-31PEPSI BOTTLING GROUP INC NYSyndicate$23.00100,000,000$2,300,000,000NYSE PBGIPO44424B4 ↗
1999-03-30CRITICAL PATH INC CASyndicate$24.004,500,000$108,000,000Nasdaq CPTHIPO6424B4 ↗
1999-02-23CEB Inc. VASyndicate$4.798,187,200$39,216,688Nasdaq EXBDIPO29424B4 ↗
1999-02-05ALBANY MOLECULAR RESEARCH INC NYSyndicate$2.472,500,000$6,175,000Nasdaq AMRIIPO21424B4 ↗
1998-12-16AVANTAX, INC. TXSyndicate$2.175,000,000$10,850,000Nasdaq INSPIPO19424B4 ↗
1998-08-05SOFTWORKS INC VASyndicate$7.004,200,000$29,400,000Nasdaq SWRXIPO27424B1 ↗
1998-07-31TOWNE SERVICES INC GASyndicate$0.604,000,000$2,400,000Nasdaq TWNEIPO14424B1 ↗
1998-07-28CENTRAL EUROPEAN DISTRIBUTION CORP NJSyndicate2,000,000-Nasdaq CEDCIPO19424B1 ↗
1998-07-24BINDVIEW DEVELOPMENT CORP TXSyndicate$10.003,750,000$37,500,000Nasdaq BVEWIPO9424B4 ↗
1998-07-15AMERICAN BANK NOTE HOLOGRAPHICS INC NYSyndicate13,636,000-NYSE ABHIPO20424B4 ↗
1998-06-05RAINBOW RENTALS INC OHSyndicate2,250,000-Nasdaq RBOWIPO21424B1 ↗
1998-05-22ATLANTIC DATA SERVICES INC MASyndicate$13.002,500,000$32,500,000Nasdaq ADSCIPO7424B4 ↗
1998-05-05BRIO SOFTWARE INC CASyndicate$11.0010,000$110,000Nasdaq BRYOIPO5424B4 ↗
1998-05-01UNITED ROAD SERVICES INC NYSyndicate$0.036,600,000$198,000Nasdaq URSIIPO23424B4 ↗
1998-04-28MOBIUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INC NYSyndicate$14.503,300,000$47,850,000Nasdaq MOBIIPO12424B1 ↗
1998-04-22NOVA CORP \GA\ GASyndicate$9.728,400,000$81,648,000NYSE NISIPO20424B1 ↗
1998-04-20BRIGHTSTAR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY GROUP INC CASyndicate$13.004,250,000$55,250,000Nasdaq BTSRIPO24424B4 ↗
1998-04-01USWEB CORP CASyndicate$22.005,950,000$130,900,000Nasdaq USWBIPO4424B4 ↗
1998-02-27ASSOCIATED MATERIALS, LLC OHSyndicate$16.002,128,800$34,060,800Nasdaq SIDEIPO26424B4 ↗
1998-02-24SHOE PAVILION INC CASyndicate2,000,000-Nasdaq SHOEIPO22424B4 ↗
1998-02-13ASTROPOWER INC DESyndicate$6.002,700,000$16,200,000Nasdaq APWRIPO19424B1 ↗
1998-01-29IDT CORP NJSyndicate$24.884,625,000$115,046,875Nasdaq IDTCOffering11424B4 ↗
1997-12-19MADE2MANAGE SYSTEMS INC INLead$7.502,310,937$17,332,027Nasdaq MTMSIPO29424B4 ↗
1997-12-17INFORMATION ADVANTAGE INC MNSyndicate$6.003,334,000$20,004,000Nasdaq IACOIPO5424B4 ↗
1997-12-03U S VISION INC NJSyndicate$7.692,500,000$19,225,000Nasdaq USVIIPO21424B1 ↗
1997-11-21ENHERENT CORP NJSyndicate$8.614,600,000$39,606,000Nasdaq PRTGIPO25424B1 ↗
1997-11-10PHILIP SERVICES CORP A6Syndicate20,000,000-NYSE PHVOffering16424B1 ↗
1997-11-07AMERICAN SKIING CO /ME MESyndicate$2.0014,750,000$29,500,000NYSE SKIIPO33424B4 ↗
1997-11-05EXCEL SWITCHING CORP MASyndicate$21.004,500,000$94,500,000IPO16424B1 ↗
1997-11-04PERICOM SEMICONDUCTOR CORP CASyndicate$9.002,500,000$22,500,000Nasdaq PSEMIPO26424B4 ↗
1997-10-31UBICS INC PASyndicate$10.002,000,000$20,000,000Nasdaq UBIXIPO18424B4 ↗
1997-10-17MAC-GRAY CORP MALead$8.864,000,000$35,440,000NYSE TUCIPO7424B4 ↗
1997-10-16CONCORD COMMUNICATIONS INC MASyndicate$14.002,900,000$40,600,000Nasdaq CCRDIPO19424B1 ↗
1997-10-10KOFAX IMAGE PRODUCTS INC CASyndicate$11.002,000,000$22,000,000Nasdaq KOFXIPO19424B1 ↗
1997-10-07INVE Technologies, Inc. CASyndicate$3.873,370,000$13,041,900Nasdaq SCMMIPO27424B4 ↗
1997-10-01OMEGA RESEARCH INC FLSyndicate$11.00--Nasdaq OMGAIPO8424B1 ↗
1997-09-30BEST SOFTWARE INC VASyndicate$13.004,150,000$53,950,000Nasdaq BESTIPO18424B1 ↗
1997-09-26PERVASIVE SOFTWARE INC TXSyndicate$10.004,000,000$40,000,000IPO10424B4 ↗
1997-09-25ASIA ELECTRONICS HOLDING CO INC NYSyndicate$8.004,600,000$36,800,000Nasdaq AEHCFIPO37424B1 ↗
1997-09-23FIRST INTERNATIONAL BANCORP INC CTSyndicate$26.001,700,000$44,200,000Nasdaq FNCEOffering17424B1 ↗
1997-09-12SIGNATURE EYEWEAR INC CASyndicate$20.001,800,000$36,000,000Nasdaq SEYEIPO27424B1 ↗
1997-08-12SYNTEL INC MISyndicate$11.003,000,000$33,000,000Nasdaq SYNTIPO23424B4 ↗
1997-08-08OMTOOL LTD MASyndicate$9.004,000,000$36,000,000IPO8424B4 ↗
1997-08-06EAGLE GEOPHYSICAL INC TXSyndicate$114.005,880,000$670,320,000Nasdaq EGEOIPO45424B1 ↗
1997-07-30INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATES INC CTSyndicate$5.493,900,000$21,411,000Nasdaq IMAAIPO16424B4 ↗
1997-07-28ARMOR HOLDINGS INC FLSyndicate$46.004,000,000$184,000,000NYSE American ABEOffering40424B4 ↗
1997-07-23PILGRIMS PRIDE CORP COSyndicate4,500,000-NYSE CHXOffering21424B4 ↗
1997-07-22FRIEDE GOLDMAN HALTER INC MSSyndicate$17.004,665,000$79,305,000Nasdaq FGIIIPO28424B4 ↗
1997-07-02PERITUS SOFTWARE SERVICES INC MASyndicate$2.283,500,000$7,980,000Nasdaq PTUSIPO16424B1 ↗
1997-06-26SAXTON INC NVSyndicate$8.252,275,000$18,768,750Nasdaq SXTNIPO14424B1 ↗
1997-06-24ACORN PRODUCTS INC OHSyndicate$2.103,250,000$6,825,000Nasdaq ACRNIPO30424B4 ↗
1997-06-17INTEST CORP NJSyndicate2,275,000-Nasdaq INTTIPO32424B1 ↗
1997-06-12HTE INC FLSyndicate$11.001,950,000$21,450,000Nasdaq HTEIIPO19424B1 ↗
1997-06-12STAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC CASyndicate$9.004,000,000$36,000,000Nasdaq STRXIPO18424B4 ↗
1997-06-05ESHARE COMMUNICATIONS INC GASyndicate$10.003,500,000$35,000,000Nasdaq MELIIPO23424B1 ↗
1997-03-12SUN BANCORP INC /NJ/ NJLead$25.00--Offering9424B1 ↗
1997-03-12SUN CAPITAL TRUST NJLead$25.00--Offering9424B1 ↗
1997-02-26NACT TELECOMMUNICATIONS INC UTSyndicate$9.353,000,000$28,050,000Nasdaq NACTIPO17424B4 ↗
1997-02-06BRUNSWICK TECHNOLOGIES INC MESyndicate$9.502,500,000$23,750,000Nasdaq BTICIPO31424B1 ↗
1997-01-29PHOTOELECTRON CORP MASyndicate$8.502,000,000$17,000,000Nasdaq PECXIPO36424B1 ↗
1997-01-17FLANDERS CORP FLSyndicate$9.501,600,000$15,200,000Nasdaq FLDROffering21424B1 ↗
1996-12-16MESSAGEMEDIA INC COSyndicate$20.002,000,000$40,000,000Nasdaq FVHIIPO30424B4 ↗
1996-12-13VERSATILITY INC VASyndicate$15.002,200,000$33,000,000Nasdaq VERSIPO28424B1 ↗
1996-12-03VIASAT INC CASyndicate$9.002,200,000$19,800,000Nasdaq VSATIPO25424B1 ↗
1996-11-26MANCHESTER TECHNOLOGIES INC NYSyndicate$10.002,500,000$25,000,000Nasdaq MANCIPO38424B4 ↗
1996-11-13KROLL INC NYSyndicate$20.00--Nasdaq OGARIPO38424B1 ↗
1996-11-04AMERICAN EXPLORATION CO TXSyndicate$58.003,927,055$227,769,190NYSE American AXOffering13424B4 ↗
1996-10-25SMARTALK TELESERVICES INC OHSyndicate$14.504,200,000$60,900,000Nasdaq SMTKIPO30424B4 ↗
1996-10-25SIMULATION SCIENCES INC CASyndicate$9.003,600,000$32,400,000Nasdaq SMCIIPO19424B4 ↗
1996-10-25INFINITY FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY INC CASyndicate$1.692,690,000$4,546,100Nasdaq INFNIPO18424B4 ↗
1996-10-23CYBERMEDIA INC CASyndicate$16.002,500,000$40,000,000Nasdaq CYBRIPO22424B4 ↗
1996-10-17TALX CORP MOLead$9.002,000,000$18,000,000Nasdaq TALXIPO26424B4 ↗
1996-10-11SUPERIOR TELECOM INC NYSyndicate6,000,000-NYSE SUTIPO41424B1 ↗
1996-09-26KAPSON SENIOR QUARTERS CORP NYSyndicate$10.003,550,000$35,500,000Nasdaq KPSQIPO17424B1 ↗
1996-09-20DOCUMENT SCIENCES CORP CASyndicate$12.002,300,000$27,600,000Nasdaq DOCXIPO16424B1 ↗
1996-08-16WILLBROS GROUP INC R1Syndicate$57.004,964,520$282,977,640NYSE WGIPO49424B1 ↗
1996-08-02FX ENERGY INC UTSyndicate$5.75--Nasdaq FXENOffering13424B4 ↗
1996-07-26OPTIKA INC COSyndicate$6.002,200,000$13,200,000Nasdaq OPTKIPO17424B1 ↗
1996-07-23WEBHIRE INC MASyndicate2,500,000-Nasdaq RTRKIPO16424B4 ↗
1996-07-22KARRINGTON HEALTH INC OHSyndicate3,000,000-Nasdaq KARRIPO23424B1 ↗
1996-06-25PROVIDENCE JOURNAL CO RISyndicate$15.007,125,000$106,875,000NYSE PRJIPO36424B4 ↗
1996-06-20INTERSTATE HOTELS CO PASyndicate11,000,000-NYSE IHCIPO37424B1 ↗
1996-06-20THERMATRIX INC TNSyndicate$12.502,000,000$25,000,000Nasdaq TMXIIPO19424B4 ↗
1996-06-14DIATIDE INC NHSyndicate$21.002,200,000$46,200,000Nasdaq DITIIPO34424B1 ↗
1996-06-14WEBLINK WIRELESS INC TXSyndicate$13.006,000,000$78,000,000Nasdaq PMWIIPO24424B1 ↗
1996-06-144FRONT TECHNOLOGIES INC COLead$5.753,000,000$17,250,000Nasdaq FFSTOffering2424B1 ↗
1996-05-31EXACTECH INC FLSyndicate1,600,000-Nasdaq EXACIPO23424B1 ↗
1996-05-31SUNQUEST INFORMATION SYSTEMS INC AZSyndicate--Nasdaq SUNQIPO12424B4 ↗
1996-05-31Six Flags Entertainment Corp/OLD TXSyndicate3,425,000-Nasdaq PARKIPO19424B4 ↗
1996-05-16ASAHI AMERICA INC MASyndicate$7.501,160,000$8,700,000Nasdaq ASAMIPO16424B1 ↗
1996-05-10CIMA LABS INC MNSyndicate$9.502,800,000$26,600,000Nasdaq CIMAIPO12424B4 ↗
1996-04-12TRUMP ENTERTAINMENT RESORTS, INC. NJSyndicate12,500,000-NYSE DJTOffering44424B1 ↗
1994-04-22MESA INC TXSyndicate15,000,000-NYSE MXPOffering45424B1 ↗
1994-01-24HOST MARRIOTT CORP/MD MDSyndicate$3.9717,500,000$69,475,000NYSE HMTOffering75424B1 ↗

“Offering” is a priced registered offering that the cover page does not describe as an initial public offering: a follow-on, a resale, or a small company’s best-efforts deal.

Registrations in progress or never priced 1

FiledCompanyRoleRangeSharesListingStatusDocument
1994-03-09USG CORPSyndicate12,500,000NYSE USGPriced 1995-08-03 (terms not read)S-1 ↗

Works alongside

FirmDeals togetherOf which that firm led
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette8328
Hambrecht & Quist8222
Robertson Stephens7223
Citigroup7016
Lehman Brothers689
Raymond James611
Bear Stearns5916
Needham & Company577
Cowen566
Truist Securities563
Morgan Stanley558
Piper Sandler5512

Data: SEC EDGAR. The quarterly full index (every S-1, S-1/A, F-1 and F-1/A since 1993, with the pricing prospectus, notice of effectiveness and withdrawal request of each registrant) and the company submissions data (SIC, state of incorporation, address, EIN, tickers, former names). Offering terms are read from the cover pages of the registrant's final prospectus (424B4, 424B1) and its latest registration statement before pricing: the price range, the final price, shares offered, gross proceeds (the cover's total, else price times shares), exchange and ticker, and the underwriters named on the cover and in the underwriting table (loader/s1_terms.py). Underwriter names are normalised, so Goldman, Sachs & Co. of 1999 and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC of 2024 are one firm.