Census › New Jersey › Middlesex County

Middlesex County, NJ

People
Population871,290B01003
Population, 2020 census863,162P1
Median age39.5B01002
Under 1821.5%B01001
65 and over16.1%B01001
Households307,782B11001
Foreign born35.4%B05002
Money
Median household income$111,549B19013
Median family income$132,880B19113
Per capita income$50,601B19301
Poverty rate8.6%B17001
Unemployment rate6.7%B23025
Civilian labor force474,946B23025
Mean commute (minutes)31.2B08013
Education
Bachelor's degree or higher45.6%B15003
Housing
Housing units317,979B25001
Owner-occupied63.6%B25003
Renters36.4%B25003
Median home value$462,900B25077
Median gross rent$1,871B25064
Race and ethnicity
White, not Hispanic37.5%B03002
Black9.7%B03002
Hispanic or Latino23.6%B03002
Asian25.4%B03002
American Indian and Alaska Native0.1%B03002

Figures from the 2020-2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates (table codes link to the same table for this area at data.census.gov) and the 2020 census (P1), via IPUMS NHGIS. Estimates for small areas carry wide margins of error; a tract's figures describe its residents, not any one organization.

Against the state: median household income here is 108% of New Jersey's ($103,556); poverty 8.6% against 9.7%; 9.3% of the state's people live here.

Census tracts

Census Tract 1.01: 3,465Census Tract 1.02: 4,440Census Tract 2: 6,740Census Tract 3: 7,911Census Tract 4.01: 3,386Census Tract 4.03: 6,531Census Tract 4.04: 6,138Census Tract 5.01: 4,270Census Tract 5.03: 2,908Census Tract 5.04: 4,873Census Tract 6.03: 2,243Census Tract 6.08: 1,765Census Tract 6.09: 2,902Census Tract 6.10: 6,129Census Tract 7.01: 3,447Census Tract 7.02: 5,710Census Tract 8.01: 3,922Census Tract 8.02: 2,779Census Tract 9.01: 2,459Census Tract 9.02: 4,557Census Tract 10.01: 3,318Census Tract 10.03: 5,295Census Tract 10.04: 2,143Census Tract 11: 5,534Census Tract 12: 5,320Census Tract 13: 4,267Census Tract 14.09: 3,642Census Tract 14.10: 4,204Census Tract 14.11: 3,625Census Tract 14.12: 3,866Census Tract 14.13: 6,030Census Tract 14.14: 5,945Census Tract 14.15: 5,479Census Tract 14.17: 2,069Census Tract 14.18: 5,056Census Tract 14.19: 3,213Census Tract 15.02: 6,751Census Tract 15.04: 6,966Census Tract 15.05: 2,003Census Tract 15.06: 6,184Census Tract 16: 5,095Census Tract 17.01: 5,994Census Tract 17.02: 3,342Census Tract 18.03: 3,708Census Tract 18.04: 3,779Census Tract 18.05: 5,737Census Tract 18.06: 4,005Census Tract 19.01: 4,783Census Tract 19.02: 2,508Census Tract 19.03: 4,180Census Tract 20: 4,575Census Tract 21.01: 2,290Census Tract 21.02: 4,233Census Tract 22: 4,046Census Tract 23.01: 4,136Census Tract 23.02: 3,967Census Tract 24.01: 5,949Census Tract 24.02: 1,415Census Tract 25: 6,863Census Tract 26.03: 5,052Census Tract 26.04: 6,840Census Tract 26.05: 2,592Census Tract 27.01: 4,696Census Tract 27.03: 7,665Census Tract 28.05: 2,642Census Tract 29.01: 3,330Census Tract 29.02: 3,308Census Tract 30.01: 4,543Census Tract 30.02: 6,445Census Tract 31.01: 3,062Census Tract 31.02: 4,796Census Tract 32.01: 4,181Census Tract 32.03: 4,085Census Tract 33: 5,645Census Tract 34.01: 4,163Census Tract 35: 3,439Census Tract 36.01: 8,218Census Tract 37: 3,962Census Tract 38.01: 5,847Census Tract 38.02: 3,995Census Tract 40: 4,836Census Tract 41: 3,072Census Tract 42: 3,508Census Tract 43: 3,948Census Tract 44: 5,062Census Tract 45.01: 4,113Census Tract 45.02: 4,215Census Tract 46: 6,297Census Tract 47: 3,874Census Tract 48: 6,066Census Tract 49: 4,869Census Tract 50: 5,995Census Tract 51: 6,964Census Tract 52: 5,902Census Tract 53: 3,909Census Tract 55: 3,985Census Tract 56.01: 3,261Census Tract 56.02: 7,166Census Tract 57: 5,897Census Tract 58: 5,058Census Tract 60.01: 2,114Census Tract 60.02: 5,957Census Tract 61.01: 5,841Census Tract 61.03: 5,776Census Tract 61.04: 4,165Census Tract 62.04: 1,643Census Tract 62.05: 6,873Census Tract 62.06: 2,289Census Tract 62.07: 7,406Census Tract 62.08: 8,029Census Tract 62.09: 2,353Census Tract 63: 7,059Census Tract 64.03: 2,908Census Tract 65: 6,864Census Tract 66.01: 2,227Census Tract 66.04: 6,728Census Tract 66.05: 4,026Census Tract 66.06: 2,912Census Tract 66.07: 2,974Census Tract 66.08: 4,000Census Tract 67.01: 4,361Census Tract 67.03: 6,594Census Tract 68: 4,492Census Tract 69: 3,346Census Tract 70: 8,286Census Tract 71.01: 3,383Census Tract 71.02: 4,966Census Tract 71.03: 5,991Census Tract 72.02: 4,444Census Tract 72.03: 5,083Census Tract 73.01: 3,163Census Tract 73.03: 1,895Census Tract 73.05: 3,730Census Tract 73.06: 3,626Census Tract 74.02: 4,790Census Tract 75: 3,847Census Tract 76: 6,142Census Tract 77.02: 6,840Census Tract 77.03: 3,675Census Tract 77.04: 2,549Census Tract 78.01: 3,058Census Tract 78.04: 6,450Census Tract 78.05: 4,040Census Tract 78.06: 4,272Census Tract 79.05: 2,605Census Tract 79.06: 1,083Census Tract 79.07: 3,188Census Tract 79.08: 6,259Census Tract 79.09: 3,559Census Tract 79.10: 3,537Census Tract 79.11: 3,979Census Tract 79.13: 3,888Census Tract 79.14: 3,233Census Tract 80.01: 6,191Census Tract 81.01: 3,950Census Tract 81.02: 4,221Census Tract 81.03: 2,459Census Tract 82.04: 4,588Census Tract 82.05: 3,708Census Tract 82.06: 3,877Census Tract 82.07: 2,997Census Tract 82.09: 3,541Census Tract 82.10: 3,830Census Tract 82.11: 5,894Census Tract 82.12: 4,820Census Tract 82.13: 5,358Census Tract 82.14: 10,419Census Tract 83: 5,770Census Tract 84.03: 7,572Census Tract 84.04: 4,293Census Tract 84.05: 5,419Census Tract 84.06: 2,170Census Tract 85.01: 4,837Census Tract 85.02: 6,116Census Tract 85.04: 7,853Census Tract 85.05: 4,593Census Tract 85.06: 4,284Census Tract 86.01: 4,740Census Tract 86.02: 6,543Census Tract 86.04: 5,494Census Tract 86.05: 3,335Census Tract 86.06: 4,055Census Tract 87: 4,012Census Tract 88.01: 5,075Census Tract 90: 6,546Census Tract 91.01: 2,418Census Tract 92: 4,767Census Tract 93: 6,132Census Tract 94: 6,351Census Tract 9800: 35Census Tract 9801: 16Census Tract 9802: 5,920New BrunswickPerth AmboySayrevilleOld BridgeCarteretSouth PlainfieldWoodbridgeIselinColoniaAvenelSouth RiverPrinceton MeadowsZIP 08854: 681 nonprofits, $993,327,000ZIP 08816: 487 nonprofits, $196,520,219ZIP 08901: 483 nonprofits, $1,137,992,620ZIP 08831: 446 nonprofits, $179,651,220ZIP 08902: 394 nonprofits, $118,957,417ZIP 08817: 331 nonprofits, $54,379,786ZIP 08820: 323 nonprofits, $54,919,694ZIP 08857: 259 nonprofits, $41,672,575ZIP 07095: 254 nonprofits, $401,723,110ZIP 07747: 236 nonprofits, $15,941,779ZIP 08861: 235 nonprofits, $354,777,150ZIP 07080: 211 nonprofits, $8,742,328ZIP 08840: 207 nonprofits, $23,695,278ZIP 08830: 203 nonprofits, $427,562,198ZIP 08536: 190 nonprofits, $675,084,455ZIP 08837: 187 nonprofits, $12,901,675,993ZIP 08904: 175 nonprofits, $54,148,567ZIP 08852: 159 nonprofits, $55,872,303ZIP 08512: 154 nonprofits, $125,768,002ZIP 07008: 145 nonprofits, $11,860,277ZIP 08859: 135 nonprofits, $1,892,850ZIP 08882: 134 nonprofits, $16,722,018ZIP 08879: 132 nonprofits, $12,897,367ZIP 07067: 121 nonprofits, $5,793,734ZIP 08824: 116 nonprofits, $4,356,299ZIP 08872: 115 nonprofits, $8,414,339ZIP 08846: 89 nonprofits, $956,767ZIP 08850: 86 nonprofits, $9,812,866ZIP 08863: 74 nonprofits, $3,424,159ZIP 07001: 71 nonprofits, $6,956,515ZIP 08884: 62 nonprofits, $5,657,046ZIP 08810: 61 nonprofits, $3,381,964ZIP 07077: 23 nonprofits, $12,661,282ZIP 07064: 22 nonprofits, $2,777,987ZIP 08828: 17 nonprofits, $464,545ZIP 08832: 8 nonprofits, $37,242Population (ACS 2020-2024)up to 3,2333,233 to 3,9853,985 to 4,7964,796 to 6,030over 6,030nonprofits (circle size: how many)

Click an area for its page. Circles are FURP records at their ZIP code's center point, sized by how many. Download this map's areas with their census figures: CSV (center points) · GeoJSON (outlines), ready for Datawrapper, Mapshaper or Google My Maps. Outlines: Census TIGER/Line 2026, simplified.

Places in the county

FURP records in Middlesex County, NJ

RecordsHow manyTotalBiggest
Nonprofits7,183$18,073,750,885 revenue (latest return)HACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC ($8,846,442,863)
Nonprofit contractors749$4,538,888,721 paid by nonprofitsRUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NJ ($889,885,806)
Colleges and schools1566,182 enrollmentRutgers University-New Brunswick (50,617)
Form D issuers364$8,687,843,745 amount soldwPraxis Fund (USA) L.P. ($1,292,542,386)
Political committees127FRIENDS OF RIC MEDROW
Form 5500 plan sponsors2,7273,381 plansJOHNSON AND JOHNSON (25)
Open Payments recipients2,584$69,750,511 industry paymentsRUTGERS CANCER INSTITUTE OF NEW JERSEY ($24,378,211)
Food recall firms1954 recallsSpiceco, Inc. (16)
Patent and trademark owners2,68413,265 patents and marksRutgers, The State University of New Jersey (1,019)
IPO registrants43426 filingsAyala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (56)
Federal award recipients48,327$20,204,494,803 federal awardsRUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY ($4,836,424,330)
State business registrations4,611109 HOMESTEAD, LLC

Cross-reference: 7,183 nonprofits for 871,290 residents is 82.4 per 10,000 people; their latest-year revenue of $18,073,750,885 is $20,744 per resident, 52.6% of all household income here (households at the median income).

Highest-paid people on nonprofit returns here

#NameTitleOrganizationPayYearTimes the median household income
1Robert C GarrettCEO/TrusteeHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$13,541,5902024121.4x
2Mark StauderTrustee/Chairperson/COOHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$6,059,233202454.3x
3ROBERT C GARRETT FACHETRUSTEE - CEO, Hackensack Meridian HealthHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$5,984,779202253.7x
4MICHAEL HARRISPHYSICIANHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH MEDICAL GROUP-SPECIALTY CARE PC$5,162,464202246.3x
5Robert L GlenningPres, Fin & IT Svcs Div, CFO/Trustee, Secretary/TreasurerHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$4,866,513202443.6x
6Robert C Garrett FACCEO/TRUSTEEHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$4,489,810201940.2x
7ROBERT GARRETTTRUSTEE - HMH CEOHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$4,489,809201940.2x
8Patrick YoungPres, Population HealthHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$4,121,940202437.0x
9DANIEL VARGAChief Physician ExecutiveHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH MEDICAL GROUP - PRIMARY CARE PC$3,367,459202430.2x
10Ihor Sawczuk MDPres, Academics, Rsch, & InnovHACKENSACK MERIDIAN HEALTH INC$3,262,822202429.3x

Each person's latest year on a 990 at a nonprofit placed here (reported pay including related organizations and other compensation); people paid under $50,000 are left out. The median household income here is $111,549.

Nonprofits: biggest by revenue (latest return)

Nonprofit contractors: biggest by paid by nonprofits

Colleges and schools: biggest by enrollment

Form D issuers: biggest by amount sold

Political committees

Form 5500 plan sponsors: biggest by plans

Open Payments recipients: biggest by industry payments

Food recall firms: biggest by recalls

Patent and trademark owners: biggest by patents and marks

IPO registrants: biggest by filings

Federal award recipients: biggest by federal awards

All 192 tracts

Every tract with its figures is in the CSV and GeoJSON downloads.

TractPopulationMedian household incomePoverty rateMedian age
Census Tract 82.1410,419$175,5322.2%44.8
Census Tract 708,286$108,17013.8%37.9
Census Tract 36.018,218$115,7983.9%34.5
Census Tract 62.088,029$138,3935.4%32.8
Census Tract 37,911$86,96722.6%42.5
Census Tract 85.047,853$133,3157.1%45.8
Census Tract 27.037,665$107,02915.1%37.0
Census Tract 84.037,572$176,4901.0%42.1
Census Tract 62.077,406$114,0988.8%37.7
Census Tract 56.027,166$76,10623.1%28.8
Census Tract 637,059$140,9601.2%41.2
Census Tract 15.046,966$142,5176.2%37.0
Census Tract 516,964$46,44238.9%20.9
Census Tract 62.056,873$141,5714.6%40.4
Census Tract 656,864$176,3493.5%41.2
Census Tract 256,863$118,7503.3%41.6
Census Tract 26.046,840$87,22210.2%45.7
Census Tract 77.026,840$127,3756.3%39.4
Census Tract 15.026,751$114,8863.1%37.6
Census Tract 26,740$90,82820.5%44.1
Census Tract 66.046,728$108,7247.4%47.7
Census Tract 67.036,594$155,5917.3%39.0
Census Tract 906,546$84,44412.5%39.8
Census Tract 86.026,543$155,3138.1%38.3
Census Tract 4.036,531$130,1470.9%39.2
Census Tract 78.046,450$121,1119.3%40.5
Census Tract 30.026,445$102,3694.6%34.3
Census Tract 946,351$89,44411.7%36.8
Census Tract 466,297$63,10520.5%37.0
Census Tract 79.086,259$66,27118.3%30.6
Census Tract 80.016,191$84,2919.7%46.5
Census Tract 15.066,184$106,7297.1%34.4
Census Tract 766,142$88,6646.7%42.5
Census Tract 4.046,138$131,6525.0%41.4
Census Tract 936,132$-666,666,66645.0%30.0
Census Tract 6.106,129$133,6842.3%40.3
Census Tract 85.026,116$231,9830.8%43.7
Census Tract 486,066$50,27621.1%37.6
Census Tract 14.136,030$140,0001.1%38.6
Census Tract 505,995$87,77016.5%31.7
Census Tract 17.015,994$138,2646.0%42.5
Census Tract 71.035,991$64,1079.0%34.8
Census Tract 60.025,957$62,75729.1%20.8
Census Tract 24.015,949$107,3669.0%44.0
Census Tract 14.145,945$165,6640.5%39.7
Census Tract 98025,920$-666,666,6660.0%20.0
Census Tract 525,902$46,90849.1%22.0
Census Tract 575,897$76,55723.8%34.3
Census Tract 82.115,894$195,5590.4%45.7
Census Tract 38.015,847$102,3033.2%42.4
Census Tract 61.015,841$91,97912.2%30.4
Census Tract 61.035,776$92,8359.1%37.0
Census Tract 835,770$110,9722.8%34.7
Census Tract 18.055,737$141,6963.4%36.5
Census Tract 7.025,710$150,3131.6%42.6
Census Tract 335,645$82,73919.1%43.6
Census Tract 115,534$122,8283.3%32.8
Census Tract 86.045,494$125,9761.9%38.3
Census Tract 14.155,479$250,0010.9%45.0
Census Tract 84.055,419$219,0383.5%44.9
Census Tract 82.135,358$134,3652.5%62.2
Census Tract 125,320$87,07810.4%35.6
Census Tract 10.035,295$131,2821.7%39.9
Census Tract 165,095$82,1058.7%41.1
Census Tract 72.035,083$122,9048.9%41.3
Census Tract 88.015,075$146,3465.5%20.9
Census Tract 445,062$60,44617.8%35.3
Census Tract 585,058$37,05736.8%28.2
Census Tract 14.185,056$120,4896.7%39.8
Census Tract 26.035,052$114,71410.8%41.0
Census Tract 71.024,966$133,0214.2%40.7
Census Tract 5.044,873$84,9618.7%34.2
Census Tract 494,869$40,80722.7%50.3
Census Tract 85.014,837$112,46010.6%31.7
Census Tract 404,836$69,43118.3%43.0
Census Tract 82.124,820$236,6671.9%43.1
Census Tract 31.024,796$117,5806.6%39.4
Census Tract 74.024,790$72,0774.7%45.4
Census Tract 19.014,783$81,4496.5%44.8
Census Tract 924,767$128,3655.9%41.5
Census Tract 86.014,740$140,9722.7%53.7
Census Tract 27.014,696$82,9755.5%40.0
Census Tract 85.054,593$159,4942.4%41.9
Census Tract 82.044,588$68,84410.1%71.5
Census Tract 204,575$157,7884.1%38.1
Census Tract 9.024,557$111,7893.3%43.6
Census Tract 30.014,543$111,96410.2%43.3
Census Tract 684,492$97,2345.3%40.8
Census Tract 72.024,444$148,0092.0%43.7
Census Tract 1.024,440$133,5235.9%43.2
Census Tract 67.014,361$141,3852.5%37.6
Census Tract 84.044,293$119,8726.1%44.9
Census Tract 85.064,284$167,8602.4%41.4
Census Tract 78.064,272$107,9175.8%34.5
Census Tract 5.014,270$94,9135.9%43.5
Census Tract 134,267$119,6889.4%39.1
Census Tract 21.024,233$152,0313.2%37.9
Census Tract 81.024,221$121,5632.8%39.5
Census Tract 45.024,215$85,25015.3%33.1
Census Tract 14.104,204$147,00011.5%47.2
Census Tract 32.014,181$151,9204.8%39.0
Census Tract 19.034,180$79,3753.2%37.0
Census Tract 61.044,165$134,1412.7%39.3
Census Tract 34.014,163$108,9024.5%42.6
Census Tract 23.014,136$150,43513.2%40.2
Census Tract 45.014,113$56,37320.1%31.3
Census Tract 32.034,085$75,0309.9%44.3
Census Tract 86.064,055$102,8683.9%31.3
Census Tract 224,046$142,5004.5%42.2
Census Tract 78.054,040$139,6322.5%43.0
Census Tract 66.054,026$158,8395.1%40.5
Census Tract 874,012$216,6913.6%49.0
Census Tract 18.064,005$81,3337.0%35.0
Census Tract 66.084,000$133,3157.8%43.8
Census Tract 38.023,995$65,57032.0%33.1
Census Tract 553,985$53,02335.0%30.9
Census Tract 79.113,979$204,1191.5%41.6
Census Tract 23.023,967$149,0280.6%42.3
Census Tract 373,962$108,3682.1%38.0
Census Tract 81.013,950$86,7695.6%53.6
Census Tract 433,948$59,92936.6%34.1
Census Tract 8.013,922$136,0852.6%42.4
Census Tract 533,909$62,01431.6%22.8
Census Tract 79.133,888$117,2467.5%51.4
Census Tract 82.063,877$60,7567.6%73.5
Census Tract 473,874$68,87518.4%34.7
Census Tract 14.123,866$216,5381.4%42.2
Census Tract 753,847$95,0816.3%42.2
Census Tract 82.103,830$189,3203.8%45.3
Census Tract 18.043,779$84,3669.8%44.0
Census Tract 73.053,730$79,14310.5%37.7
Census Tract 18.033,708$126,4242.6%43.7
Census Tract 82.053,708$64,9505.2%72.9
Census Tract 77.033,675$147,6568.1%43.6
Census Tract 14.093,642$192,5002.6%45.4
Census Tract 73.063,626$110,9724.7%34.3
Census Tract 14.113,625$172,0660.5%45.7
Census Tract 79.093,559$185,2721.7%40.7
Census Tract 82.093,541$143,1353.0%46.7
Census Tract 79.103,537$63,14716.6%57.6
Census Tract 423,508$80,58321.8%40.6
Census Tract 1.013,465$111,5880.4%46.9
Census Tract 7.013,447$159,1672.4%42.9
Census Tract 353,439$105,1395.8%49.4
Census Tract 4.013,386$129,4910.9%40.6
Census Tract 71.013,383$95,1224.4%48.6
Census Tract 693,346$72,57519.1%32.6
Census Tract 17.023,342$99,0486.1%40.0
Census Tract 86.053,335$135,8933.1%34.4
Census Tract 29.013,330$158,4752.6%36.9
Census Tract 10.013,318$145,7241.1%42.5
Census Tract 29.023,308$87,13210.7%36.1
Census Tract 56.013,261$82,07712.6%38.3
Census Tract 79.143,233$112,1324.5%44.8
Census Tract 14.193,213$108,5947.3%34.4
Census Tract 79.073,188$115,7642.5%47.6
Census Tract 73.013,163$130,4256.3%46.7
Census Tract 413,072$72,32114.0%46.3
Census Tract 31.013,062$110,2785.6%39.9
Census Tract 78.013,058$76,2669.7%39.8
Census Tract 82.072,997$78,1075.3%75.1
Census Tract 66.072,974$210,6252.6%44.1
Census Tract 66.062,912$213,9290.8%47.4
Census Tract 5.032,908$161,5500.7%31.9
Census Tract 64.032,908$186,1115.2%39.7
Census Tract 6.092,902$161,63812.3%30.7
Census Tract 8.022,779$128,4212.2%42.3
Census Tract 28.052,642$147,5004.3%43.1
Census Tract 79.052,605$140,9382.0%36.9
Census Tract 26.052,592$105,5369.2%49.1
Census Tract 77.042,549$104,2867.8%45.0
Census Tract 19.022,508$92,4768.9%38.1
Census Tract 81.032,459$98,9523.7%39.2
Census Tract 9.012,459$126,0007.4%39.0
Census Tract 91.012,418$110,1976.0%42.4
Census Tract 62.092,353$62,2889.0%48.5
Census Tract 21.012,290$215,5681.7%43.6
Census Tract 62.062,289$168,0363.3%44.0
Census Tract 6.032,243$151,0002.0%40.4
Census Tract 66.012,227$178,4382.8%48.8
Census Tract 84.062,170$158,88911.3%42.1
Census Tract 10.042,143$137,7275.2%42.5
Census Tract 60.012,114$95,0943.5%36.4
Census Tract 14.172,069$222,0831.0%47.9
Census Tract 15.052,003$146,2501.1%36.7
Census Tract 73.031,895$115,7416.8%37.1
Census Tract 6.081,765$100,98210.0%39.6
Census Tract 62.041,643$151,8186.0%35.4
Census Tract 24.021,415$149,4640.7%48.2
Census Tract 79.061,083$72,07715.4%36.2
Census Tract 980035$-666,666,66677.1%66.7
Census Tract 980116$-666,666,6660.0%-666666666.0

Census figures are from IPUMS NHGIS: the American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates (ACS table codes shown with each figure) and the 2020 decennial census (Demographic and Housing Characteristics), by state, county, place and census tract. FURP records are placed by ZIP code (the Census Bureau's 2020 ZCTA-to-county and ZCTA-to-tract relationship files: the county or tract holding most of the ZIP's land) and by city name (Census place names, normalized), so a record's tract is its ZIP's main tract, not its street's. Cite: Jonathan Schroeder, David Van Riper, Steven Manson, Grace Cooper, Zachary Krause, Tracy Kugler, Tsu Zhu, and Steven Ruggles. IPUMS National Historical Geographic Information System: Version 21.0 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS. 2026. http://doi.org/10.18128/D050.V21.0