CALIFORNIA SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING ALLIANCE: Form 990, tax year 2011

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
CALIFORNIA SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING ALLIANCE (EIN 81-0585701)
Tax period
2011-07-01 to 2012-06-30
Filed
2013-05-13
IRS object ID
201311339349304436
Schema version
2011v1.2
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Timestamp2013-05-13T14:30:39-07:00Timestamp
Tax Period End Date2012-06-30TaxPeriodEndDate

Preparer Firm PreparerFirm

Preparer Firm Business Name PreparerFirmBusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1ACCOUNTING OFFICESBusinessNameLine1

Preparer Firm US Address PreparerFirmUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1875 UNIVERSITY AVENUEAddressLine1
CitySACRAMENTOCity
StateCAState
ZIP Code95825ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnType
Tax Period Begin Date2011-07-01TaxPeriodBeginDate

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN810585701EIN

Name Name

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1CALIFORNIA SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING ALLIANCEBusinessNameLine1
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Name ControlCALINameControl
Phone4155120151Phone

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1425 MARKET STREETAddressLine1
CitySAN FRANCISCOCity
StateCAState
ZIP Code94105ZIPCode

Officer Officer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
NameSTEVE HAYESName
TitleTREASURERTitle
Phone4155120151Phone
Date Signed2013-05-13DateSigned
Authorize Third PartytrueAuthorizeThirdParty

Preparer Preparer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
NameKEITH C ROOD CPAName
Phone9169294450Phone
Date Prepared2013-05-13DatePrepared
Self EmployedXSelfEmployed
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax Year2011TaxYear
Build TS2016-02-24 21:20:13ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Name Of Principal Officer PersonSTEVE HAYESNameOfPrincipalOfficerPerson

Address Principal Officer US AddressPrincipalOfficerUS

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1425 MARKET STREET SUITE 1000AddressLine1
CitySAN FRANCISCOCity
StateCAState
ZIP Code94105ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts958010GrossReceipts
Group Return For AffiliatesfalseGroupReturnForAffiliates
Organization501c3XOrganization501c3
Web Sitewww.sustainablewinegrowing.org/WebSite
Type Of Organization CorporationXTypeOfOrganizationCorporation
Year Formation2002YearFormation
State Legal DomicileCAStateLegalDomicile
Activity Or Mission DescriptionPromote Sustainable Winegrowing Practices.ActivityOrMissionDescription
Nbr Voting Members Governing Body14NbrVotingMembersGoverningBody
Nbr Independent Voting Members14NbrIndependentVotingMembers
Total Nbr Employees1TotalNbrEmployees
Total Nbr Volunteers15TotalNbrVolunteers
Total Gross UBI0TotalGrossUBI
Contributions Grants Prior Year739750ContributionsGrantsPriorYear
Contributions Grants Current Year952350ContributionsGrantsCurrentYear
Program Service Revenue Prior Year10075ProgramServiceRevenuePriorYear
Program Service Revenue CY5660ProgramServiceRevenueCY
Investment Income Current Year0InvestmentIncomeCurrentYear
Other Revenue Current Year0OtherRevenueCurrentYear
Total Revenue Prior Year749825TotalRevenuePriorYear
Total Revenue Current Year958010TotalRevenueCurrentYear
Grants And Similar Amnts CY0GrantsAndSimilarAmntsCY
Benefits Paid To Members CY0BenefitsPaidToMembersCY
Salaries Etc Prior Year37868SalariesEtcPriorYear
Salaries Etc Current Year91762SalariesEtcCurrentYear
Total Prof Fundrsng Exp CY0TotalProfFundrsngExpCY
Total Fundrsng Exp Current Year0TotalFundrsngExpCurrentYear
Other Expense Prior Year603116OtherExpensePriorYear
Other Expenses Current Year817873OtherExpensesCurrentYear
Total Expenses Prior Year640984TotalExpensesPriorYear
Total Expenses Current Year909635TotalExpensesCurrentYear
Revenues Less Expenses Prior Year108841RevenuesLessExpensesPriorYear
Revenues Less Expenses CY48375RevenuesLessExpensesCY
Total Assets BOY262452TotalAssetsBOY
Total Assets EOY312810TotalAssetsEOY
Total Liabilities BOY62611TotalLiabilitiesBOY
Total Liabilities EOY64594TotalLiabilitiesEOY
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY199841NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOY
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY248216NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOY
Info In Schedule O Part IIIXInfoInScheduleOPartIII
Mission DescriptionPromote Sustainable Winegrowing Practices.MissionDescription
Significant New Program ServicesfalseSignificantNewProgramServices
Significant ChangefalseSignificantChange
Expense204169Expense
Revenue204169Revenue
DescriptionORGANIZED AND IMPLEMENTED SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING PRACTICES FOR GROWERS AND OTHER INTERESTED STAKEHOLDERS TO LEARN ABOUT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES.Description

Activity2 Activity2

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Expense262002Expense
Revenue262002Revenue
DescriptionNATIONAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE-DRIVING CONSERVATION INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING ADOPTION THROUGH PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKING, TOOLS AND RESOURCES. BREAKING THROUGH ADOPTION BARRIERS: MARKET BASED CONSERVATION APPROACHES TO DRIVE THE ADOPTION OF CONSERVATION PRACTICES.Description

Activity3 Activity3

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Expense244507Expense
Revenue244507Revenue
DescriptionCALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FOOD & AGRICULTURE-DEVELOP, IMPLEMENT AND PROMOTE A CALIFORNIA SUSTAINABLE WINEGROWING CERTIFICATION PROGRAM AS AN INCENTIVE TO SPEED WINEGROWERS' ADOPTION OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES THAT DEMONSTRATE ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBLILITY WHILE ENHANCING COMPETITIVENESS OF THE STATE'S WINEGRAPES.Description

Activity Other ActivityOther

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Expense100181Expense
Revenue100181Revenue
DescriptionPacific Gas & Electric Grant - Develop educational materials and implement a series of educational materials and implement a series of educational materials and implement a series of educational materials and implement a series of educational materials and implement a series ofDescription
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Of Other Program Service Exp100181TotalOfOtherProgramServiceExp
Total Of Other Program Service Rev100181TotalOfOtherProgramServiceRev
Total Program Service Expense810859TotalProgramServiceExpense
Described In501 C3trueDescribedIn501C3
Schedule B RequiredtrueScheduleBRequired
Political ActivitiesfalsePoliticalActivities
Lobbying ActivitiesfalseLobbyingActivities
Subject To Proxy TaxfalseSubjectToProxyTax
Donor Advised FundsfalseDonorAdvisedFunds
Conservation EasementsfalseConservationEasements
Collections Of ArtfalseCollectionsOfArt
Credit CounselingfalseCreditCounseling
Term Or Permanent EndowmentsfalseTermOrPermanentEndowments
Report Land Bldg EquipfalseReportLandBldgEquip
Report Invest Oth SecuritiesfalseReportInvestOthSecurities
Report Prog Rel InvestfalseReportProgRelInvest
Report Other AssetsfalseReportOtherAssets
Report Other LiabilitiesfalseReportOtherLiabilities
Report Fin48 FootnotefalseReportFin48Footnote
Independent Audit Financial StmttrueIndependentAuditFinancialStmt
Consolidated Audit Financial StmtfalseConsolidatedAuditFinancialStmt
SchoolfalseSchool
Foreign OfficefalseForeignOffice
Foreign ActivitiesfalseForeignActivities
More Than5000 K To OrganizationsfalseMoreThan5000KToOrganizations
More Than5000 K To IndividualsfalseMoreThan5000KToIndividuals
Professional FundraisingfalseProfessionalFundraising
Fundraising ActivitiesfalseFundraisingActivities
GamingfalseGaming
HospitalfalseHospital
Grants To OrganizationsfalseGrantsToOrganizations
Grants To IndividualsfalseGrantsToIndividuals
Schedule J RequiredfalseScheduleJRequired
Tax Exempt BondsfalseTaxExemptBonds
Excess Benefit TransactionfalseExcessBenefitTransaction
Prior Excess Benefit TransactionfalsePriorExcessBenefitTransaction
Loan To Officer Or DQPfalseLoanToOfficerOrDQP
Grant To Related PersonfalseGrantToRelatedPerson
Bsnss Rltnshp With OrganizationfalseBsnssRltnshpWithOrganization
Bsnss Rltnshp Thru Family MemberfalseBsnssRltnshpThruFamilyMember
Officer Entity With Bsnss RltnshpfalseOfficerEntityWithBsnssRltnshp
Deductible Non Cash ContributionsfalseDeductibleNonCashContributions
Deductible Contributions Of ArtfalseDeductibleContributionsOfArt
TerminatedfalseTerminated
Partial LiquidationfalsePartialLiquidation
Disregarded EntityfalseDisregardedEntity
Related EntityfalseRelatedEntity
Related Org Controlled EntityfalseRelatedOrgControlledEntity
Transaction Related EntityfalseTransactionRelatedEntity
Activities Conducted PartnershipfalseActivitiesConductedPartnership
Schedule O RequiredtrueScheduleORequired
Number Forms Transmitted With109615NumberFormsTransmittedWith1096
Number W2 G Included0NumberW2GIncluded
Compliance With Backup WitholdingtrueComplianceWithBackupWitholding
Number Of Employees1NumberOfEmployees
Employment Tax Returns FiledtrueEmploymentTaxReturnsFiled
Unrelated Business IncomefalseUnrelatedBusinessIncome
Foreign Financial AccountfalseForeignFinancialAccount
Prohibited Tax Shelter TransfalseProhibitedTaxShelterTrans
Taxable Party NotificationfalseTaxablePartyNotification
Non Deductible ContributionsfalseNonDeductibleContributions
Quid Pro Quo ContributionsfalseQuidProQuoContributions
Form8282 Property Disposed OffalseForm8282PropertyDisposedOf
Funds To Pay PremiumsfalseFundsToPayPremiums
Premiums PaidfalsePremiumsPaid
Indoor Tanning ServicesfalseIndoorTanningServices
Info In Schedule O Part VIXInfoInScheduleOPartVI
Nbr Voting Governing Body Members14NbrVotingGoverningBodyMembers
Number Independent Voting Members14NumberIndependentVotingMembers
Family Or Business RelationshipfalseFamilyOrBusinessRelationship
Delegation Of Management DutiesfalseDelegationOfManagementDuties
Changes To Organizing DocsfalseChangesToOrganizingDocs
Material Diversion Or MisusefalseMaterialDiversionOrMisuse
Members Or StockholdersfalseMembersOrStockholders
Election Of Board MembersfalseElectionOfBoardMembers
Decisions Subject To ApprovalfalseDecisionsSubjectToApproval
Minutes Of Governing BodytrueMinutesOfGoverningBody
Minutes Of CommitteestrueMinutesOfCommittees
Officer Mailing AddressfalseOfficerMailingAddress
Local ChaptersfalseLocalChapters
Form990 Provided To Governing BodytrueForm990ProvidedToGoverningBody
Conflict Of Interest PolicyfalseConflictOfInterestPolicy
Whistleblower PolicyfalseWhistleblowerPolicy
Document Retention PolicyfalseDocumentRetentionPolicy
Compensation Process CEOfalseCompensationProcessCEO
Compensation Process OtherfalseCompensationProcessOther
Investment In Joint VenturefalseInvestmentInJointVenture
States Where Copy Of Return Is FiledCAStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFiled
Upon RequestXUponRequest

The Books Are In Care Of TheBooksAreInCareOf

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Name PersonSTEVE HAYESNamePerson
Telephone Number4155120151TelephoneNumber

Address US AddressUS

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1425 MARKET STREET SUITE 1000AddressLine1
CitySAN FRANCISCOCity
StateCAState
ZIP Code94105ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
No Listed Persons CompensatedXNoListedPersonsCompensated

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionA (14 entries)

TitleTitleAverage Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorOfficerOfficer
KIM LEDBETTER-BRONSON
Chairman2.00XX
STEVE SMIT
Vice-Chairman2.00XX
STEVE LOHR
Treasurer2.00XX
MIKE SANGIACOMO
Secretary2.00XX
JOHN AGUIRRE
Director1.00X
ROB BOLCH
Director1.00X
NAT DIBUDUO
Director1.00X
BEN DRAKE
Director1.00X
JOHN DUARTE
Director1.00X
CHERYL DURZY
Director1.00X
BOBBY KOCH
Director1.00X
DAVID LUCAS
Director1.00X
NEIL ROBERTS
Director1.00X
CHRIS SAVAGE
Director1.00X
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Formers ListedfalseFormersListed
Total Comp GT150 KfalseTotalCompGT150K
Compensation From Other SourcesfalseCompensationFromOtherSources

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensation (2 entries)

Address Line1AddressOfContractor/AddressUS/AddressLine1CityAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/CityStateAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/StateZIP CodeAddressOfContractor/AddressUS/ZIPCodeDescription Of ServicesDescriptionOfServicesCompensationCompensation
VIEWCRAFT LLC
PO BOX 11GRATONCA95444Consulting119642
SURE HARVEST
2901 PARK AVENUE SUITE A2SOQUELCA95073Consulting322188
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Number Of Contractors GT100 K2NumberOfContractorsGT100K
Government Grants506509GovernmentGrants
All Other Contributions445841AllOtherContributions
Total Contributions952350TotalContributions

Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenue (2 entries)

DescriptionDescriptionBusiness CodeBusinessCodeTotal Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumn
Certification Revenue6117103050
Workbook Sales6117102610
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Revenue5660TotalProgramServiceRevenue

Total Revenue TotalRevenue

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column958010TotalRevenueColumn
Related Or Exempt Function Income5660RelatedOrExemptFunctionIncome

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWages

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total75463Total
Program Services53156ProgramServices
Management And General22307ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributions

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total6933Total
Program Services5072ProgramServices
Management And General1861ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefits

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total3279Total
Program Services2295ProgramServices
Management And General984ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxes

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total6087Total
Program Services4261ProgramServices
Management And General1826ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccounting

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total7880Total
Program Services0ProgramServices
Management And General7880ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Office Expenses OfficeExpenses

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total19336Total
Program Services6527ProgramServices
Management And General12809ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Travel Travel

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total31053Total
Program Services17068ProgramServices
Management And General13985ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Insurance Insurance

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total5341Total
Program Services0ProgramServices
Management And General5341ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Other Expenses OtherExpenses (4 entries)

DescriptionDescriptionTotalTotalProgram ServicesProgramServicesManagement And GeneralManagementAndGeneralFundraisingFundraising
Administrative Fees99599500
Certification7750775000
Consultants693694673688200060
Filing Fee960960

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpenses

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total51728Total
Program Services40047ProgramServices
Management And General11681ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpenses

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total909635Total
Program Services810859ProgramServices
Management And General98776ManagementAndGeneral
Fundraising0Fundraising

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearing

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY125248BOY
EOY30702EOY

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivable

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY136462BOY
EOY281448EOY

Prepaid Expenses Deferred Charges PrepaidExpensesDeferredCharges

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY742BOY
EOY660EOY

Total Assets TotalAssets

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY262452BOY
EOY312810EOY

Accounts Payable Accrued Expenses AccountsPayableAccruedExpenses

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY62611BOY
EOY64594EOY

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilities

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY62611BOY
EOY64594EOY
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Follow SFAS117XFollowSFAS117

Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssets

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY199841BOY
EOY248216EOY

Total Net Assets Fund Balances TotalNetAssetsFundBalances

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY199841BOY
EOY248216EOY

Total Liab Net Assets Fund Balances TotalLiabNetAssetsFundBalances

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY262452BOY
EOY312810EOY
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Reconcilation Revenue Expenses48375ReconcilationRevenueExpenses
Method Of Accounting AccrualXMethodOfAccountingAccrual
Accountant Compile Or ReviewfalseAccountantCompileOrReview
FS AuditedtrueFSAudited
Audit CommitteetrueAuditCommittee
Financial Statement SeparateXFinancialStatementSeparate
Federal Grant Audit RequiredfalseFederalGrantAuditRequired

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Publicly Supported Org170b1 AviXPubliclySupportedOrg170b1Avi

Gifts Grants Contrib Received170 GiftsGrantsContribReceived170

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years641210CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years869781CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years859552CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year739750CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year952350CurrentTaxYear
Total4062643Total

Total170 Total170

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years641210CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years869781CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years859552CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year739750CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year952350CurrentTaxYear
Total4062643Total
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Amounts Subst Contributors Total1709040AmountsSubstContributorsTotal
Public Support Total1702353603PublicSupportTotal170

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total0Total

Other Income170 OtherIncome170

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years3744CurrentTaxYearMinus4Years
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years16759CurrentTaxYearMinus3Years
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years12247CurrentTaxYearMinus2Years
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year10075CurrentTaxYearMinus1Year
Current Tax Year5660CurrentTaxYear
Total48485Total
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Support4111128TotalSupport
Public Support Pertcentage1700.57250PublicSupportPertcentage170
Public Support Pertcent Prior Year0.64580PublicSupportPertcentPriorYear
Thirty Three Percnt Tests CY170XThirtyThreePercntTestsCY170
Public Support Total5090PublicSupportTotal509
Public Support Percentage5090PublicSupportPercentage509
Investment Income Percentage0InvestmentIncomePercentage
Facts And Circumstances TestOTHER INCOME PART II, LINE 10; DESCRIPTION: WORKBOOK SALES; 2007: 3744.; 2008: 4266.; 2009: 2997.; 2010: 1025.; 2011: 2610.; DESCRIPTION: CERTIFICATION PROGRAM; 2008: 12493.; 2009: 9250.; 2010: 9050.; 2011: 3050.;FactsAndCircumstancesTest

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Info ContributorInfo

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Contributor NumberRESTRICTEDContributorNumber

Contributor Name Business ContributorNameBusiness

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RESTRICTEDBusinessNameLine1

Contributor Address US ContributorAddressUS

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1RESTRICTEDAddressLine1
Address Line2RESTRICTEDAddressLine2
CityRESTRICTEDCity
StateRESTRICTEDState
ZIP CodeRESTRICTEDZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Aggregate ContributionsRESTRICTEDAggregateContributions

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue958010TotalRevenue
Total Expenses909635TotalExpenses
Excess Or Deficit For Year48375ExcessOrDeficitForYear
Excess Or Deficit Per FS48375ExcessOrDeficitPerFS
Tot Revenue Etc Audited Fincl Stmt958010TotRevenueEtcAuditedFinclStmt
Revenue Subtotal958010RevenueSubtotal
Total Revenue Per Form990958010TotalRevenuePerForm990
Tot Expenses Etc Audited Fincl Stmt909635TotExpensesEtcAuditedFinclStmt
Expenses Subtotal909635ExpensesSubtotal
Total Expenses Per Form990909635TotalExpensesPerForm990

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

General Explanation GeneralExplanation (6 entries)

IdentifierIdentifierExplanationExplanation
Pt VI, Line 11aCopies of the 990 Form are made available to the
Pt VI, Line 11aofficers and board members prior to filing.
Form 990EZ, Part II, Line 24GRANTS RECEIVABLE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Form 990EZ, Part II, Line 26ACCOUNTS PAYABLE & ACCRUED EXPENSES DEFERRED GRANT REVENUE
Form 990, Part III, Line 4dPACIFIC GAS & ELECTRIC GRANT - DEVELOP 100181. 0. 100181.
Form 990, Part IX, Line 24fPOSTAGE 1184. 1003. 181. 0. PRINTING 7311. 971. 6340. 0. STORAGE 2273. 0. 2273. 0. MEETINGS & WORKSHOPS 40960. 38073. 2887. 0.

Comments

Anonymous: no account or email. Up to 2,000 characters, at most one link. Comments are checked automatically; some wait for review.