CRIME STOPPERS OF MIAMI-DADE COUNTY INC: Form 990, tax year 2013

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
CRIME STOPPERS OF MIAMI-DADE COUNTY INC (EIN 59-2214818)
Tax period
2013-10-01 to 2014-09-30
Filed
2015-07-07
IRS object ID
201531889349300218
Schema version
2013v4.0
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return2015-07-07T08:41:31-05:00ReturnTs
Tax Period End2014-09-30TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN591708435PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1ARENSON & SANDHOUSE PABusinessNameLine1

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line12525 EMBASSY DR SAddressLine1
CityCOOPER CITYCity
StateFLState
ZIP Code330264573ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin2013-10-01TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN592214818EIN

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1CRIMESTOPPERS OF MIAMI-DADEBusinessNameLine1
Business Name Line2COUNTY INCBusinessNameLine2
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name ControlCRIMBusinessNameControlTxt
Phone3054716160PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line11030 NW 111TH AVENUEAddressLine1
CityMIAMICity
StateFLState
ZIP Code33172ZIPCode

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonERIC LERNERPersonNm
Person TitlePRESIDENTPersonTitleTxt
Phone3054716160PhoneNum
Signature2015-07-07SignatureDt

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer PersonGLENDA SANDHOUSEPreparerPersonNm
PTINP00030065PTIN
Phone9544358900PhoneNum
Preparation2015-07-07PreparationDt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax2013TaxYr
Build TS2016-02-25 16:41:14ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Principal OfficerERIC LERNERPrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line11030 NW 111TH AVENUEAddressLine1
CityMIAMICity
StateFLState
ZIP Code33172ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts$325,476GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For AffiliatesfalseGroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3Yes (X)Organization501c3Ind
Type Of Organization CorpYes (X)TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation1981FormationYr
Legal Domicile StateFLLegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or MissionTO FURNISH LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES WITH INFORMATION ON UNSOLVED CRIMES, PERSONS WANTED BY THE LAW AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THE TIPSTER PROGRAM WHEREBY A CALLER CAN CONTACT CRIME STOPPERS REGARDING ANY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, AND IF THE CRIMINAL ACTIVITY LEADS TO AN ARREST OR THE FILING OF CRIMINAL CHARGES, THE CALLER IS ELIGIBLE FOR AN AWARD.ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body9VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent9VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee3TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Gross UBI$0TotalGrossUBIAmt
PY Contributions Grants$295,061PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants$318,984CYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Program Service Revenue$0CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income$6,364PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income$6,492CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Other Revenue$0CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue$301,425PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue$325,476CYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid$0CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members$0CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$143,390PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$147,059CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense$0CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses$193,173PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses$449,488CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses$336,563PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses$596,547CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses-$35,138PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses-$271,071CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY$494,352TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY$421,452TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY$121,359TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY$319,530TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY$372,993NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY$101,922NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part IIIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
MissionTO FURNISH LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES WITH INFORMATION ON UNSOLVED CRIMES, PERSONS WANTED BY THE LAW AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THE TIPSTER PROGRAM WHEREBY A CALLER CAN CONTACT CRIME STOPPERS REGARDING ANY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, AND IF THE CRIMINAL ACTIVITY LEADS TO AN ARREST OR THE FILING OF CRIMINAL CHARGES, THE CALLER IS ELIGIBLE FOR AN AWARD.MissionDesc
Significant New Program SrvcfalseSignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant ChangefalseSignificantChangeInd
Expense$314,831ExpenseAmt
DescREWARDS ANONYMOUS CALLER CALL THE TIPS OFFICE WITH "TIPS" ON SOLVING CRIMES. IF THE INFORMATION RESULTS IN AN ARREST, THE INFORMANT IS PAID A REWARD. THE PRIMARY EXPEDITURES ARE FOR THESE AWARDS.Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty2 ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
DescGUN BOUNTY A REWARD PROGRAM SPECIFICALLY TO REMOVE GUNS FROM THE STREET. ONE GUN, ONE ARREST, ONE GRAND. THE PRIMARY EXPENDITURES ARE FOR THESE REWARDS.Desc

Prog Srvc Accom Acty3 ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Expense$60,743ExpenseAmt
DescPROGRAM AWARENESS A PROGRAM WHICH INCLUDES PRESENTATIONS, EDUCATIONAL SEMINARS, ETC. EXPENDITURES ARE FOR ALL PRINTED MATERIALS AND OTHER ITEMS NEEDED FOR PRESENTATIONS AND SEMINARS. EXPENDITURES ALSO INCLUDE THE WRAPPING OF 42 METRO DADE BUSES AND BILLBOARDS. THE PRIMARY EXPENDITURES ARE FOR MEDIA COVERAGE AND EDUCATIONAL ITEMS.Desc
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Expenses$375,574TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3Yes (true)DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B RequiredfalseScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign ActyfalsePoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying ActivitiesfalseLobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy TaxfalseSubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised FundfalseDonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation EasementsfalseConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of ArtfalseCollectionsOfArtInd
Credit CounselingfalseCreditCounselingInd
Temp Or Permanent EndowmentsfalseTempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building EquipmentYes (true)ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other SecfalseReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related InvstfalseReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other AssetsfalseReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other LiabilitiesYes (true)ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 FootnotefalseIncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl StmtfalseIndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl StmtfalseConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School OperatingfalseSchoolOperatingInd
Foreign OfficefalseForeignOfficeInd
Foreign ActivitiesfalseForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To OrgfalseMoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To IndividualsfalseMoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional FundraisingfalseProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising ActivitiesfalseFundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming ActivitiesfalseGamingActivitiesInd
Operate HospitalfalseOperateHospitalInd
Grants To OrganizationsfalseGrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To IndividualsfalseGrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J RequiredfalseScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt BondsfalseTaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit TransfalseEngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit TransfalsePYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan OutstandingfalseLoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related PersonfalseGrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org MemfalseBusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam MemfalseBusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With Officer EntfalseBusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd
Deductible Non Cash ContrifalseDeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art ContributionfalseDeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate OperationsfalseTerminateOperationsInd
Partial LiquidationfalsePartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded EntityfalseDisregardedEntityInd
Related EntityfalseRelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl EntfalseRelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd OrgfalseTrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted PrtshpfalseActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O RequiredfalseScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document0IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G0IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Employee3EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns FiledYes (true)EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over LimitfalseUnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial AccountfalseForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter TransfalseProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party NotificationfalseTaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible ContributionsfalseNondeductibleContributionsInd
Indoor Tanning ServicesfalseIndoorTanningServicesInd
Governing Body Voting Members9GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member9IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business RlnfalseFamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt DutiesfalseDelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org DocumentsfalseChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or MisusefalseMaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or StockholdersfalseMembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board MembersfalseElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To ApprovafalseDecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing BodyYes (true)MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of CommitteesYes (true)MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing AddressfalseOfficerMailingAddressInd
Local ChaptersfalseLocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn BodyfalseForm990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest PolicyfalseConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Whistleblower PolicyfalseWhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention PolicyfalseDocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEOfalseCompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process OtherfalseCompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint VenturefalseInvestmentInJointVentureInd
Upon RequestYes (X)UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RICHARD MASTENBusinessNameLine1
Business Name Line2RICHARD MASTENBusinessNameLine2
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Phone3054716160PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line11030 NW 111TH AVENUEAddressLine1
Address Line21030 NW 111TH AVENUEAddressLine2
CityMIAMICity
StateFLState
ZIP Code33172ZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
No Listed Persons CompensatedYes (X)NoListedPersonsCompensatedInd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (10 entries)

TitleTitleTxtAverage Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRtIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorIndReportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmtReportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmtOther CompensationOtherCompensationAmtOfficerOfficerInd
DAWOOD AKHTAR
BOARD MEMBER0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
ELLEN G COHN
BOARD MEMBER0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
TED ITERROZ
IMMEDIATE PA0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
CAROLINA MATA
BOARD MEMBER0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
ROBERT MESSER
BOARD MEMBER0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
SOFIAN ZAKKOUT
BOARD MEMBER0.50Yes (X)$0$0$0
ERIC L LERNER
PRESIDENT1.00$0$0$0Yes (X)
SUZETTE RICE
VICE PRESIDE0.50$0$0$0Yes (X)
WILLIAM MURPHY
TREASURER0.50$0$0$0Yes (X)
PATRICK O KIEL
SGT. AT ARMS0.50$0$0$0Yes (X)
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Former Ofcr Employees ListedfalseFormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 KfalseTotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other SrcsfalseCompensationFromOtherSrcsInd
Government Grants$280,316GovernmentGrantsAmt
All Other Contributions$38,668AllOtherContributionsAmt
Total Contributions$318,984TotalContributionsAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$6,492TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$6,492RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$325,476TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$6,492RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$142,862TotalAmt
Management And General$142,862ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$4,197TotalAmt
Management And General$4,197ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$4,295TotalAmt
Management And General$4,295ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$3,216TotalAmt
Management And General$3,216ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$642TotalAmt
Management And General$642ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$20,278TotalAmt
Management And General$20,278ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Pymt Travel Entrtnmnt Pub Ofcl PymtTravelEntrtnmntPubOfclGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$119TotalAmt
Management And General$119ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$5,794TotalAmt
Management And General$5,794ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$6,241TotalAmt
Management And General$6,241ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDescTotalTotalAmtProgram ServicesProgramServicesAmtManagement And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt
REWARDS & PUBLIC EDUCATIO$314,831$314,831
PROGRAM AWARENESS/MEDIA$60,743$60,743
AUTO$7,492$7,492
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES$7,355$7,355

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$18,482TotalAmt
Management And General$18,482ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$596,547TotalAmt
Program Services$375,574ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$220,973ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$0FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$487,854BOYAmt
EOY$414,954EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss$98,320LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec$91,822LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$6,498BOYAmt
EOY$6,498EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$494,352BOYAmt
EOY$421,452EOYAmt

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$121,359BOYAmt
EOY$319,530EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$121,359BOYAmt
EOY$319,530EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Org Does Not Follow SFAS117Yes (X)OrgDoesNotFollowSFAS117Ind

Rtn Earn Endowment Incm Oth Fnds RtnEarnEndowmentIncmOthFndsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$372,993BOYAmt
EOY$101,922EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$372,993BOYAmt
EOY$101,922EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$494,352BOYAmt
EOY$421,452EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss-$271,071ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Method Of Accounting AccrualYes (X)MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or ReviewfalseAccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS AuditedfalseFSAuditedInd
Federal Grant Audit RequiredfalseFederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Community TrustYes (X)CommunityTrustInd

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$552,987CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$626,016CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$407,657CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$295,061CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$318,984CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$2,200,705TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$552,987CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$626,016CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years$407,657CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year$295,061CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year$318,984CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total$2,200,705TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Public Support Total170$2,200,705PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years$1,809CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years$1,220CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Total$3,029TotalAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Support$2,203,734TotalSupportAmt
Gross Receipts Rltd Activities$6,492GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt
Public Support CY1700.99860PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY1700.99800PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170Yes (X)ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Depreciation$91,822DepreciationAmt
Book Value-$91,822BookValueAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings-$91,822TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
DescRESTRICTED REWARDS LIABILITYDesc
Amt$319,530Amt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Liability$319,530TotalLiabilityAmt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (3 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990 - ORGANIZATION'S MISSIONTO FURNISH LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES WITH INFORMATION ON UNSOLVED CRIMES, PERSONS WANTED BY THE LAW AND OTHER CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THE TIPSTER PROGRAM WHEREBY A CALLER CAN CONTACT CRIME STOPPERS REGARDING ANY CRIMINAL ACTIVITY, AND IF THE CRIMINAL ACTIVITY LEADS TO AN ARREST OR THE FILING OF CRIMINAL CHARGES, THE CALLER IS ELIGIBLE FOR AN AWARD.
FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 11BNO REVIEW WAS OR WILL BE CONDUCTED.
FORM 990, PAGE 6, PART VI, LINE 19NO DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC

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