LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY: Form 990, tax year 2020

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization
LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY (EIN 33-0328688)
Tax period
2020-01-01 to 2020-12-31
Filed
2021-11-17
IRS object ID
202103229349300400
Schema version
2020v4.1
Source
Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header ReturnHeader

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return2021-11-17T23:58:42-06:00ReturnTs
Tax Period End2020-12-31TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN861065772PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1Deloitte Tax LLPBusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1695 Town Center Drive Suite 1200AddressLine1Txt
CityCosta MesaCityNm
State AbbreviationCAStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP926261924ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Return Type990ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin2020-01-01TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
EIN330328688EIN

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1La Jolla Institute for ImmunologyBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name ControlLAJOBusinessNameControlTxt
Phone8587526500PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line19420 Athena CircleAddressLine1Txt
CityLa JollaCityNm
State AbbreviationCAStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP920371387ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
PersonRichard StryjewskiPersonNm
Person TitleCFOPersonTitleTxt
Phone8587526500PhoneNum
Signature2021-11-17SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid PreparerYes (1)DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Person FirstRichardPersonFirstNm
Person LastStryjewskiPersonLastNm
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
SSN999009999SSN

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Preparer PersonJohn W Sadoff JrPreparerPersonNm
PTINP00540589PTIN
Phone7144367100PhoneNum

Additional Filer Information AdditionalFilerInformation

Trusted Customer TrustedCustomerGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Trusted Customer2TrustedCustomerCd
Authentication Assurance LevelAAL1AuthenticationAssuranceLevelCd
Identity Assurance LevelIAL1IdentityAssuranceLevelCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Tax2020TaxYr
Build TS2022-09-23 18:48:47ZBuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Principal OfficerRichard StryjewskiPrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line19420 Athena CircleAddressLine1Txt
CityLa JollaCityNm
State AbbreviationCAStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP920371387ZIPCd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts$80,623,646GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates0GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3Yes (X)Organization501c3Ind
Website Addresswww.lji.orgWebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization CorpYes (X)TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation1988FormationYr
Legal Domicile StateCALegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or MissionBiomedical research dedicated to improving human health through studies of the immune system.ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body26VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent25VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee478TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers84TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI$527,258TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm$150,216NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants$58,096,830PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants$67,178,581CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue$7,349,335PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue$11,469,412CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income$1,740,790PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income$593,426CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue$1,455,500PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue$1,382,227CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue$68,642,455PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue$80,623,646CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid$769,190PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid$1,119,601CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members$0PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members$0CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$34,553,331PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid$36,998,175CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns$0CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense$1,088,501CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses$34,836,716PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses$43,052,265CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses$70,159,237PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses$81,170,041CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses-$1,516,782PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses-$546,395CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY$50,722,461TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY$60,537,089TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY$27,233,372TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY$37,594,395TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY$23,489,089NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY$22,942,694NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part IIIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
MissionAt La Jolla Institute for Immunology, our scientists focus on understanding how the immune system works in order to promote human health and prevent disease. Our discoveries apply to many diseases, ranging from diabetes to heart disease, infectious diseases to cancer.MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc0SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change0SignificantChangeInd
Expense$71,726,530ExpenseAmt
Grant$1,119,601GrantAmt
Revenue$11,469,412RevenueAmt
DescThe La Jolla Institute for Immunology ("LJI") is a private, nonprofit medical research organization and global leader committed to advancing our understanding of the power of the immune system. Through collaboration and creativity, LJI applies that knowledge toward the goal of Life Without Disease. The Institute is home to 20 independent laboratories, each operated by a leading scientist dedicated to shining light on an important aspect of the immune system. Our faculty lay the foundation for better treatments for a wide range of diseases and train the next generation of scientists to be pioneers in the field.Desc
Total Program Service Expenses$71,726,530TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3Yes (1)DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B RequiredYes (1)ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty0PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities0LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax0SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund0DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements0ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art0CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling0CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments0DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building EquipmentYes (1)ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec0ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst0ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets0ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities0ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 FootnoteYes (1)IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl StmtYes (1)IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt0ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating0SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office0ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign ActivitiesYes (1)ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org0MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals0MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising0ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities0FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities0GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital0OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations0GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals0GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J RequiredYes (1)ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds0TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans0EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans0PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan OutstandingYes (1)LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person0GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org MemYes (1)BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam MemYes (1)BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent0BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri0DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution0DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations0TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation0PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity0DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity0RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent0RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org0TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp0ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O RequiredYes (1)ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document150IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G0IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld ComplianceYes (1)BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee478EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns FiledYes (1)EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over LimitYes (1)UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Form990 T FiledYes (1)Form990TFiledInd
Foreign Financial Account0ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans0ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification0TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions0NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions0QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of0Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct0RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct0PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services0IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt0SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc0SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VIYes (X)InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members26GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member25IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln0FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties0DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents0ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse0MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders0MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members0ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva0DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing BodyYes (1)MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of CommitteesYes (1)MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address0OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters0LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn BodyYes (1)Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest PolicyYes (1)ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered PrsnYes (1)AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring EnfrcYes (1)RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower PolicyYes (1)WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention PolicyYes (1)DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEOYes (1)CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process OtherYes (1)CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture0InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is FldAKStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is FldALStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is FldARStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
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States Where Copy Of Return Is FldWIStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is FldWVStatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Upon RequestYes (X)UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1Richard StryjewskiBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Phone8587526500PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line19420 Athena CircleAddressLine1Txt
CityLa JollaCityNm
State AbbreviationCAStateAbbreviationCd
ZIP920371387ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (36 entries)

TitleTitleTxtAverage Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRtAverage Hours Per Week Rltd OrgAverageHoursPerWeekRltdOrgRtIndividual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorIndOfficerOfficerIndReportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmtReportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmtOther CompensationOtherCompensationAmtKey EmployeeKeyEmployeeIndHighest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd
Mitchell Kronenberg
President & CSO40.000.00Yes (X)Yes (X)$580,450$0$77,787
Anthony Carr
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Barton J Cohen
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
David A Brenner MD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
David Dominguez
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
David M Rickey
Director (Start 02/27/2020)2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
David R Webb PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Eric V Zwisler
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Franois Ferr PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Gail K Naughton PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Genevive T Jacobs
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Hunt Pettit
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
J Mark Waxman JD
Director (Start 02/27/2020)2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
John E Major Chair
Director (End 05/29/2020)2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Kristine Charton JD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Larry S Spitcaufsky
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Lynda Stuart MD PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Mark V Bowles
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Michael D Coit
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Mitsuo Satoh PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Pamela K Wasserman MPH
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Paul Thiel
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Richard S Bodman
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Robert C Dynes PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Robert W Mahley MD PhD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Sandor W Shapery JD
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Thomas L Tullie
Director2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Vanessa V Wertheim PhD MBA RN
Director (End 05/19/2020)2.000.00Yes (X)$0$0$0
Michael Dollar
CFO40.000.00Yes (X)$283,029$0$48,165
Stephen Wilson
EVP, COO & CTO40.000.00$442,704$0$100,765Yes (X)
Michael Croft
Division Head/Professor40.000.00$333,908$0$72,831Yes (X)
Alessandro Sette
Division Head/Center Head/Prof40.000.00$524,511$0$98,265Yes (X)
Erica Saphire
Professor40.000.00$387,759$0$67,026Yes (X)
Catherine Hedrick
Professor40.000.00$334,888$0$69,759Yes (X)
Klaus Ley
Division Head/Professor40.000.00$316,999$0$59,055Yes (X)
Stephen P Schoenberger
Professor40.000.00$277,591$0$78,300Yes (X)
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org$3,481,839TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org$0TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation$671,953TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K69IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed0FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 KYes (1)TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs0CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1TxtCityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNmState AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCdZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCdServicesServicesDescCompensationCompensationAmt
A&A Labs LLC
9863 Pacific Heights Blvd Ste FSan DiegoCA92121Lab supplies$827,576
Pestotnik LLP
501 West Broadway Ste 1025San DiegoCA92101Legal services$412,210
Zalgen Labs LLC
20271 Goldenrod Ln Suite 2083GermantownMD20876AB services$328,339
1903 Solutions LLC
2549 Eastbluff Dr Ste 378Newport BeachCA92660Computer hardware and security$174,164
ML Weekes & Company PC
800 Village Walk 166GuilfordCT06437Consulting$163,452
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K10CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Federated Campaigns$33,524FederatedCampaignsAmt
Government Grants$41,761,831GovernmentGrantsAmt
All Other Contributions$25,383,226AllOtherContributionsAmt
Total Contributions$67,178,581TotalContributionsAmt

Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
DescConsortium RevenueDesc
Business900099BusinessCd
Total Revenue Column$11,469,412TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$11,469,412RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Revenue$11,469,412TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$389,971TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$389,971ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$201,770TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$201,770ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Securities$203,455SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Securities$0SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Securities$203,455SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$203,455TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$203,455ExclusionAmt

Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMiscGrp (3 entries)

DescDescBusinessBusinessCdTotal Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumnAmtUnrelated Business RevenueUnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmtExclusionExclusionAmt
Building Management531312$286,454$286,454
Technical Services541900$240,804$240,804
Contract Service900099$177,001$177,001

Miscellaneous Revenue MiscellaneousRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$476,198TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion$476,198ExclusionAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Revenue Total$1,180,457OtherRevenueTotalAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column$80,623,646TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income$11,469,412RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue$527,258UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion$1,448,395ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$27,995TotalAmt
Program Services$27,995ProgramServicesAmt

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,091,606TotalAmt
Program Services$1,091,606ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,939,639TotalAmt
Program Services$1,640,307ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$253,383ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$45,949FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$26,753,215TotalAmt
Program Services$22,671,916ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$3,457,725ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$623,574FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$2,750,051TotalAmt
Program Services$2,355,512ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$326,312ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$68,227FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$3,601,129TotalAmt
Program Services$3,033,690ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$468,255ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$99,184FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,954,141TotalAmt
Program Services$1,673,788ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$231,872ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$48,481FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$847,522TotalAmt
Program Services$104,921ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$742,601ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$401,864TotalAmt
Management And General$401,864ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$949,356TotalAmt
Program Services$793,871ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$90,174ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$65,311FundraisingAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$679,769TotalAmt
Program Services$366,669ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$307,844ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$5,256FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$140,045TotalAmt
Program Services$63,981ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$39,965ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$36,099FundraisingAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$1,911,754TotalAmt
Program Services$1,810,526ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$91,909ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$9,319FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$8,351,070TotalAmt
Program Services$7,569,655ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$741,359ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$40,056FundraisingAmt

Travel TravelGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$188,406TotalAmt
Program Services$174,129ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$8,669ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$5,608FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$65,883TotalAmt
Program Services$45,217ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$17,786ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$2,880FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$4,108,625TotalAmt
Program Services$4,108,625ProgramServicesAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$287,102TotalAmt
Program Services$260,113ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$25,604ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$1,385FundraisingAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDescTotalTotalAmtProgram ServicesProgramServicesAmtManagement And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmtFundraisingFundraisingAmt
Lab Supplies Service$11,986,207$11,912,973$73,234
Consortium$9,651,554$9,651,554
Manuscripts Costs$1,876,795$774,294$1,065,329$37,172
Other Expenses$1,606,313$1,595,188$11,125

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total$81,170,041TotalAmt
Program Services$71,726,530ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General$8,355,010ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising$1,088,501FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$0BOYAmt
EOY$0EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$7,517,882BOYAmt
EOY$13,205,247EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$14,223,696BOYAmt
EOY$14,085,143EOYAmt

Receivables From Officers Etc ReceivablesFromOfficersEtcGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$17,858BOYAmt
EOY$288,077EOYAmt

Oth Notes Loans Receivable Net OthNotesLoansReceivableNetGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$1,008,011BOYAmt
EOY$869,521EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$949,703BOYAmt
EOY$1,282,772EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss$42,282,604LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec$23,652,426LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$17,750,709BOYAmt
EOY$18,630,178EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$9,254,602BOYAmt
EOY$12,176,151EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$50,722,461BOYAmt
EOY$60,537,089EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$16,281,365BOYAmt
EOY$17,515,141EOYAmt

Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenueGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$3,213,029BOYAmt
EOY$5,243,053EOYAmt

Mortg Notes Pybl Scrd Invst Prop MortgNotesPyblScrdInvstPropGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$7,738,978BOYAmt
EOY$14,836,201EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$27,233,372BOYAmt
EOY$37,594,395EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117Yes (X)OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$15,627,555BOYAmt
EOY$10,985,160EOYAmt

Donor Restriction Net Assets DonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$7,861,534BOYAmt
EOY$11,957,534EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$23,489,089BOYAmt
EOY$22,942,694EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
BOY$50,722,461BOYAmt
EOY$60,537,089EOYAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss-$546,395ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets$0OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting AccrualYes (X)MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review0AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS AuditedYes (1)FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Separate Basis Fincl StmtYes (X)SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Audit CommitteeYes (1)AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit RequiredYes (1)FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd
Federal Grant Audit PerformedYes (1)FederalGrantAuditPerformedInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Medical Research OrganizationYes (X)MedicalResearchOrganizationInd

Hospital Name And Address HospitalNameAndAddressGrp

Supported Organization Name SupportedOrganizationName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1Th University of California San DiegoBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
CitySan DiegoCityNm
State AbbreviationCAStateAbbreviationCd

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
ContributorRESTRICTEDContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1RESTRICTEDBusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Address Line1RESTRICTEDAddressLine1
Address Line2RESTRICTEDAddressLine2
CityRESTRICTEDCity
StateRESTRICTEDState
ZIP CodeRESTRICTEDZIPCode
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total ContributionsRESTRICTEDTotalContributionsAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Buildings BuildingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis$72,328OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation$72,328DepreciationAmt
Book Value$0BookValueAmt

Leasehold Improvements LeaseholdImprovementsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis$9,455,024OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation$4,878,361DepreciationAmt
Book Value$4,576,663BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis$32,740,252OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation$18,701,737DepreciationAmt
Book Value$14,038,515BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis$15,000OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value$15,000BookValueAmt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings$18,630,178TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt
Footnote TextYes (X)FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt$80,624,000TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Other Revenue$354OtherRevenueAmt
Revenue Not Reported$354RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal$80,623,646RevenueSubtotalAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt$0RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990$80,623,646TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt$81,170,000TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Other Expenses Included-$41OtherExpensesIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Reported-$41ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal$81,170,041ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt$0ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990$81,170,041TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (3 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
Part X, Line 2:The Institute is subject to federal and state income taxes on unrelated business income as defined under IRC Sections 511 through 515. For each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, taxes are recorded when paid and no provision for income tax has been made. The Institute had no unrecognized tax benefits or liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
Part XI, Line 2d - Other Adjustments:Rounding 354.
Part XII, Line 2d - Other Adjustments:Rounding -41.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (9 entries)

RegionRegionTxtOfficesOfficesCntEmployeeEmployeeCntType Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxtSpecific Services ProvidedSpecificServicesProvidedTxtRegion Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
South America00Program ServicesResearch$46,210
Sub-Saharan Africa00Program ServicesResearch$5,537
North America00Program ServicesResearch$49,278
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$404,580
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$107,181
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$77,618
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$163,243
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$34,969
Europe (Including Iceland & Greenland)00Program ServicesResearch$202,990
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices0SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees0SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continuation Total Office0ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt
Continuation Total Employee0ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office0TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee0TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent$888,616SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent$202,990ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent$1,091,606TotalSpentAmt
Transfer To Foreign Corp0TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust0InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership0ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co0PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership0ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries0BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (3 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
Part I, Line 2:Detailed invoices are received, compared to budgeted subcontract amounts, and approved, prior to payment by LJI faculty. LJI may request additional detail or support for any unusual items. Additionally, scientific reports from subcontractors are received and reviewed by LJI investigators.
Part III Accounting Method:
Part I, Line 3, Column (F):Accrual method

Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Grant Records MaintainedYes (1)GrantRecordsMaintainedInd
Total501c3 Org0Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org0TotalOtherOrgCnt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Form And Line ReferencePart I, Line 2:FormAndLineReferenceDesc
ExplanationLJI supports certain charities whose mission is inline with our research. This support is not in the form of grants, but rather contributions. Therefore, documentation exists over payment of contributions. Formal monitoring and selections procedures not considered necessary.ExplanationTxt

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Compensation CommitteeYes (X)CompensationCommitteeInd
Form990 Of Other OrganizationsYes (X)Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd
Compensation SurveyYes (X)CompensationSurveyInd
Board Or Committee ApprovalYes (X)BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment0SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan0SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm0EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org0CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs0CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org0CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs0CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments0AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception0InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (9 entries)

TitleTitleTxtBase Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmtCompensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmtBonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmountBonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmtOther Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmtOther Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmtDeferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmtDeferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmtNontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmtNontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmtTotal Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmtTotal Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmtComp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmtComp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
Mitchell Kronenberg
President & CSO$552,665$0$19,000$0$8,785$0$62,250$0$15,537$0$658,237$0$0$0
Alessandro Sette
Division Head/Center Head/Prof$476,660$0$43,092$0$4,759$0$62,250$0$36,015$0$622,776$0$0$0
Stephen Wilson
EVP, COO & CTO$420,490$0$20,075$0$2,139$0$62,032$0$38,733$0$543,469$0$0$0
Erica Saphire
Professor$351,366$0$0$0$36,393$0$42,750$0$24,276$0$454,785$0$0$0
Michael Croft
Division Head/Professor$330,667$0$0$0$3,241$0$50,213$0$22,618$0$406,739$0$0$0
Catherine Hedrick
Professor$317,362$0$0$0$17,526$0$48,299$0$21,460$0$404,647$0$0$0
Klaus Ley
Division Head/Professor$312,240$0$0$0$4,759$0$46,933$0$12,122$0$376,054$0$0$0
Stephen P Schoenberger
Professor$274,917$0$0$0$2,674$0$42,443$0$35,857$0$355,891$0$0$0
Michael Dollar
CFO$239,794$0$19,500$0$23,735$0$20,085$0$28,080$0$331,194$0$0$0

Schedule L IRS990ScheduleL

Loans Btwn Org Interested Prsn LoansBtwnOrgInterestedPrsnGrp

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1SEE PART VBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Loan From OrganizationYes (X)LoanFromOrganizationInd
Original Principal$350,000OriginalPrincipalAmt
Balance Due$288,077BalanceDueAmt
Default0DefaultInd
Board Or Committee ApprovalYes (1)BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Written AgreementYes (1)WrittenAgreementInd
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Total Balance Due$288,077TotalBalanceDueAmt

Bus Tr Involve Interested Prsn BusTrInvolveInterestedPrsnGrp

Name Of Interested NameOfInterested

Business Name BusinessName

FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1SEE PART VBusinessNameLine1Txt
FieldValueIRS element (for citing)
Sharing Of Revenues0SharingOfRevenuesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
Sch L, Part II, Loans to and / or From Interested Persons:(a) Name of Person: Erica Saphire(b) Relationship Between Interested Person and Organization:Highest Compensated Employee(c) Purpose of Loan: Faculty Housing Loan(d) Loan to or From the Organization: From(e) Original Principal Amount $350,000(f) Balance Due: $288,077(g) In Default: No(h) Approved by board or Committee: Yes(i) Written Agreement: Yes
Sch L, Part IV, Business Transactions Involving Interested Persons:(a) Name of Person: Hilde Cheroutre(b) Relationship Between Interested Person and Organization: Spouse of President and CSO (c) Amount of Transaction: $303,284(d) Description of Transaction: Full Time Employee(e) Sharing of Organization Revenues?: No(a) Name of Person: Substantial Contributor(b) Relationship Between Interested Person and Organization: Substantial Contributor to the Organization.(c) Amount of Transaction: $3,421,688(d) Description of Transaction: Research Funding, Facility Rent, Cost Reimbursements (e) Sharing of Organization Revenues?: No

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (6 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDescExplanationExplanationTxt
Form 990, Part III, Line 4aIn January 2020, before the first COVID-19 cases reached the United States, scientists at LJI began studying T cell reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Their work gave the world early evidence that the immune system could indeed fight off the virus, offering hope that a vaccine could be effective. LJI Professors Alessandro Sette, Dr.Biol.Sci., and Shane Crotty, Ph.D., continued this groundbreaking and urgent research throughout 2020. Their labs were the first to share a detailed analysis of the body's adaptive immune response to the virus. Importantly, they showed that people who had previously had common cold coronaviruses had "cross-reactive" T cells that recognized SARS-CoV-2. Their labs also found that a dysfunctional T cell response could explain why the huge variation in COVID-19 outcomes, especially in the elderly. By March 2020, LJI had become a hub for COVID-19 studies, and LJI Professor Erica Ollmann Saphire, Ph.D., launched the Coronavirus Immunotherapeutic Consortium (CoVIC), with backing from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. With more than 50 different efforts currently underway to find therapeutic antibodies across the globe, CoVIC provides a concerted and coordinated effort to compare these antibody candidates side by side under standardized criteria ultimately determining which ones are most likely to protect people and why. Work between the Saphire Lab and researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory also gave us an early look at how SARS-CoV-2 was mutating as it spread across the globe, alerting many to the development of viral variants. Across the Institute, teams teased apart aspects of SARS-CoV-2. A team of postdoctoral researchers took a comprehensive look at SARS-CoV-2 and what lessons could be applied from the SARS and MERS outbreaks. LJI Professor Bjoern Peters, Ph.D., led a team to investigate the link between BCG vaccination and lower SARS-CoV-2 mortality rates in some countries. The BCG project showed that prior BCG vaccination did not seem to protect against SARS-CoV-2. It was a discouraging finding, but an important clue to how the virus was spreading around the world. In July 2020, Anthony Fauci, M.D., Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, came with an LJI study in hand when he testified before a House subcommittee on the nation's COVID-19 response on July 31. Holding up the Cell study, he called the T cell research from the labs of Sette and Crotty, "work we really need to pursue. We're just at the cusp of really understanding the importance of this type of response in COVID." Honors and Accomplishments In recognition of the impact of their peer-reviewed studies, LJI Professors Shane Crotty, Ph.D., Alessandro Sette, Dr. Biol.Sci., and Bjoern Peters, Ph.D., were named "Highly Cited Researchers" by Clarivate for 2020. This accolade means Crotty, Peters and Sette were in the top 1% of citations for their field of study between 2009 and 2019. Early in the pandemic, the Sette Lab received $500,000 in funding from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), one of the National Institutes of Health, for research into immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. NIAID awarded more than $6.4 million to Erica Ollmann Saphire, Ph.D., professor at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), to support research toward COVID-19 antibody therapeutics. With this funding, The Coronavirus Immunotherapeutic Consortium (CoVIC) partnered with NIAID to provide independent evaluation of antibody therapeutics as part of the federal government's Operation Warp Speed. The funding to LJI is fueling ongoing efforts by CoVIC, led by Saphire, to analyze virus-fighting antibodies and track how the novel coronavirus may attempt to escape those antibodies. Saphire also received a $1 million gift from GHR Foundation, an independent global philanthropy based in Minneapolis, MN, to support CoVIC LJI Research Assistant Professor Daniela Weiskopf, Ph.D., was granted $1.4 million from the National Institutes of Health's National Cancer Institute (NCI) to examine the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in study volunteers from Puerto Rico, where at least 75 percent of the population identifies as Hispanic or Latino. Research into this demographic is critical because the CDC reported that Hispanic and Latino Americans have been hospitalized with COVID-19 at more than four times the rate of white Americans. The five-year project is part of NCI's Serological Sciences Network (SeroNet), the largest coordinated effort to study immunology and COVID-19 in the United States. LJI Professor Catherine C. Hedrick, Ph.D., received $523,914 in funding from the National Institutes of Health's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to study how immune cells may contribute to cardiovascular problems in COVID-19 patients. Hedrick's work will focus on how the SARS-CoV-2 virus may affect monocytes, a type of immune cell in the bloodstream. LJI Instructor Alba Grifoni, Ph.D., received the Embassy of Italy Award to Honor Young Italian Researchers for Research to Fight COVID-19 from the Italian Scientists and Scholars in North America Foundation (ISSNAF). The award honors Grifoni's significant advances in understanding how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. A team of LJI scientists, led by Suzanne Alarcon, won the XPRIZE Rapid COVID Testing Competition. The team developed and successfully implemented a fast, inexpensive, saliva-based COVID-19 screen that allowed the Institute's laboratories to reopen safely in 2020. The team received $500,000 in guaranteed winnings and is eligible to receive $1 million total as they take steps to make their screening protocol widely available. At the same time, LJI researchers launched new investigations into health threats outside of COVID-19. NHLBI awarded more than $2.3 million to LJI Professor Klaus Ley, M.D., for a new investigation into how a family of molecules called integrins helps the body fight disease. The research could open the door to new cancer therapies or treatments for autoimmune diseases. Sette and LJI Research Assistant Professor Cecilia Lindestam Arlehamn, Ph.D., in a close collaboration with overall study leader Professor David Sulzer, Ph.D., of Columbia University, received $3.5 million as part of a team award from Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) to support a three-year study into how immune cells may contribute to Parkinson's disease. In December 2020, Saphire was named Scientist of the Year by ARCS San Diego, a chapter of the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) Foundation. The annual award recognizes Saphire's breakthroughs in structural virology and her leadership of the Coronavirus Immunotherapy Consortium (CoVIC). Notable Research Results In 2020, LJI research teams made discoveries meriting publication in leading peer-reviewed scientific journals 205 papers in all, continuing a trend of very high productivity. Together, they illustrate the range and power of immunology research, the caliber of LJI's faculty and their impact on a broad group of human health issues. Some of the highlights among papers published in 2020 include: LJI Professor Michael Croft, Ph.D., showed a protein called TL1A drives fibrosis in several mouse models, triggering tissue remodeling and making it harder for lungs and airways to function normally. The research suggested that TL1A and its receptor on cells could be targets for therapeutics aimed at reducing fibrosis and tissue remodeling in patients with severe lung disease. LJI Associate Professor Sujan Shresta, Ph.D., found that antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are "cross-reactive and can also recognize Zika virus. Unfortunately, these antibodies can actually make Zika cases more severe. The research, conducted in mice, is the first to show that T cells can counteract this dangerous phenomenon. A separate Zika study from the Shresta Lab showed that the immune system's T cells have the power to prevent Zika infection in mice. This finding suggests that effective Zika vaccines need to activate T cells to work alongside antibodies. The lab of LJI Professor Klaus Ley, M.D., uncovered an additional role for T cells in atherosclerosis. Ley reported that certain T lymphocytes that start out trying to fight the disease can end up increasing inflammation and making atherosclerosis cases even worse. In the field of allergy research, Grgory Seumois, Ph.D., instructor and director of LJI's Sequencing Core, and LJI Professor Pandurangan Vijayanand, M.D. Ph.D., uncovered a clue to why non-allergic people don't have a strong reaction to house dust mites. They found a previously unknown subset of T cells that may control allergic immune reactions and asthma from ever developing in response to house dust mitesand other possible allergens.
Form 990, Part III, Line 4aThe Croft Lab reported a potential way to stop asthma attacks in the first place. The researchers discovered that blocking two immune molecules, called OX40L and CD30L, at the same time is key to preventing asthma attacks in a mouse model. The research points to a way to achieve a strong, long-lasting reduction in asthma exacerbations. The Sette Lab uncovered further evidence linking autoimmunity to the onset of Parkinson's disease. In fact, the researchers report that signs of autoimmunity can appear in Parkinson's disease patients years before their official diagnosis. The research could make it possible to someday detect Parkinson's disease before the onset of debilitating motor symptoms. Also in the field of autoimmunity research, LJI Associate Professor Sonia Sharma, Ph.D., showed that a previously poorly understood enzyme actually inhibits inflammation in blood vessels. The research offers a potential path to treating DADA2, an inflammatory blood vessel disease in children that is similar to Kawasaki disease. In two separate studies, LJI Professor Matthias von Herrath, M.D., uncovered important clues to explain the root of type 1 diabetes. In one study, his lab used a mouse model to suggest that blocking nerve signals to the pancreas could stop patients from ever developing type 1 diabetes. In a second study, the lab found that even healthy people have potentially harmful T cells lurking in the pancreasin surprisingly high numbers. These results add evidence for the theory that type 1 diabetes is not caused by malfunctioning T cells attacking beta cells. LJI scientists also led foundational research into the inner workings of immune cells. LJI Professor Stephen P. Schoenberger, Ph.D., discovered a protective biological switch that, briefly, turns on the immune response at the first whiff of an invaderan important featurebut can also turn off potentially destructive immune rampage that may also occur. This "off" switch can protect against serious, life threatening inflammation. LJI Professor Shane Crotty, Ph.D., investigated how a protein called Bcl6 works as a "master regulator" in the immune system. The research is an important step toward designing vaccines and therapies that can "switch on" the immune cells that help produce disease-fighting antibodies. LJI Professor Catherine C. Hedrick, Ph.D., tracked down the rare stem cells that generate neutrophils in human bone marrow. This research gives scientists a potential path for intervening in diseases where neutrophil development goes awry. LJI Instructor Alex Marki, M.D., and Dr. Ley found that people with sepsis have never-before-seen particles in their blood. The scientists are the first to show that these particles, called elongated neutrophil-derived structures (ENDS), break off of immune cells and change their shape as they course through the body. The Vijayanand Lab also created 3D maps of how enhancer sequences and genes interact in several types of immune cells. Their study opened the door to understanding individual risk for diseases from asthma to cancer. Competitive Research Grant Funding & Research Awards & Distinctions AbViro, LLC, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, American Association for Cancer Research, American Association of Laboratory Animal Science, American Heart Association, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Boston Children's Hospital, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cancer Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Celsense Inc., Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Chicago BioSolutions, Columbia University, CRDF Global, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation, Cue Biopharma, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Emergent Ventures, Emory University, European Commission, GHR Foundation, Gossamer Bio, Gritstone Bio, Halozyme, Inc., Histogen, Inc., Human Vaccines Project, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Integrated Biotherapeutics, International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Intrepida Bio, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd, Kyowa Kirin Pharmaceutical Research, Inc., Leukemia & Lymphoma Society, Lyell Immunopharma, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , National Institute for Biotechnology, National Institutes of Health, Naval Medical Research Center, Navigate BioPharma Services, Inc., Nektar Therapeutics, Novo Nordisk, Oregon health and Science University, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., Sorrento Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, The Michael J. Fox Foundation, The Scripps Research Institute, The Washington University, Tremeau Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tulane University, Turnstone Biologics, Ukko Inc., University of California Berkeley, University of California Irvine, University of California Riverside, University of California San Diego, University of Oxford, University of Pennsylvania, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, Victoria University, Washington University in Saint Louis, Zalgen Labs, LLC.
Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11bA draft of the Form 990 is provided to all board members prior to the electronic filing of the tax return.
Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12cThe Institute administers three separate conflict of interest policies applying to 1) The Board of Directors, 2) Faculty and Senior Administration, and 3) An investigator financial conflict of interest policy required under National Institutes of Health Regulations. The Institute regularly and consistently monitors and enforces these policies in accordance with written procedures, which include the completion of disclosure forms by covered individuals, evaluation of completed forms by a designated conflict review officer, and as necessary, further evaluation and determination by a designated conflict review committee. If a conflict is determined, a management plan is designed and monitored for the specific situation. Such plan may require the covered individual to eliminate the conflict.
Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15Compensation decisions for the institute's CEO and other key employees are made annually. Adjustments, if any, typically take effect on a January 1st cycle. For these purposes, the institute's Human Resources Department obtains relevant market comparability data for each position on an annual basis. In accordance with its charter, the compensation committee of the board of directors reviews and discusses this information, and the performance of the institute's CEO and key employees, and formulates recommended compensation actions to the full board of directors. The board of directors reviews these recommendations and related information in deciding compensation levels for each position.
Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19The Institute makes its governing documents, Conflict of Interest Policy, and Financial Statements available to the public upon request.

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