EXPLORE SCHOOLS INC: Form 990, tax year 2015
View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗
- Organization
- EXPLORE SCHOOLS INC (EIN 26-3282250)
- Tax period
- 2015-07-01 to 2016-06-30
- Filed
- 2017-05-15
- IRS object ID
- 201741359349305959
- Schema version
- 2015v3.0
- Source
- Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica
Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.
Return header ReturnHeader
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Return | 2017-05-15T12:22:10-05:00 | ReturnTs |
| Tax Period End | 2016-06-30 | TaxPeriodEndDt |
Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparer Firm EIN | 271728945 | PreparerFirmEIN |
Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | PKF O'CONNOR DAVIES LLP | BusinessNameLine1Txt |
Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 665 FIFTH AVENUE | AddressLine1Txt |
| City | NEW YORK | CityNm |
| State Abbreviation | NY | StateAbbreviationCd |
| ZIP | 10022 | ZIPCd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Return Type | 990 | ReturnTypeCd |
| Tax Period Begin | 2015-07-01 | TaxPeriodBeginDt |
Filer Filer
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| EIN | 263282250 | EIN |
Business Name BusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | EXPLORE SCHOOLS INC | BusinessNameLine1Txt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Control | EXPL | BusinessNameControlTxt |
| Phone | 3478757194 | PhoneNum |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 20 JAY STREET NO 211 | AddressLine1Txt |
| City | BROOKLYN | CityNm |
| State Abbreviation | NY | StateAbbreviationCd |
| ZIP | 11201 | ZIPCd |
Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Person | MORTON A BALLEN | PersonNm |
| Person Title | CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | PersonTitleTxt |
| Phone | 3478757194 | PhoneNum |
| Signature | 2017-05-13 | SignatureDt |
| Discuss With Paid Preparer | Yes (1) | DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd |
Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Preparer Person | GARRETT M HIGGINS | PreparerPersonNm |
| PTIN | P00543209 | PTIN |
| Phone | 2122862600 | PhoneNum |
| Preparation | 2017-05-13 | PreparationDt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Tax | 2015 | TaxYr |
| Build TS | 2021-01-29 14:40:06Z | BuildTS |
Form 990 IRS990
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Change | Yes (X) | AddressChangeInd |
| Principal Officer | MORTON A BALLEN | PrincipalOfficerNm |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 20 JAY STREET NO 211 | AddressLine1Txt |
| City | BROOKLYN | CityNm |
| State Abbreviation | NY | StateAbbreviationCd |
| ZIP | 11201 | ZIPCd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Gross Receipts | $3,313,595 | GrossReceiptsAmt |
| Group Return For Affiliates | 0 | GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd |
| Organization501c3 | Yes (X) | Organization501c3Ind |
| Website Address | WWW.EXPLORENETWORK.ORG | WebsiteAddressTxt |
| Type Of Organization Corp | Yes (X) | TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd |
| Formation | 2008 | FormationYr |
| Legal Domicile State | NY | LegalDomicileStateCd |
| Activity Or Mission | TO PROVIDE STRATEGIC PLANNING, BOARD GOVERNANCE, FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT, HUMAN RESOURCES AND OTHER MANAGEMENT SUPPPORT SERVICES TO SCHOOLS. | ActivityOrMissionDesc |
| Voting Members Governing Body | 7 | VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt |
| Voting Members Independent | 6 | VotingMembersIndependentCnt |
| Total Employee | 24 | TotalEmployeeCnt |
| Total Volunteers | 6 | TotalVolunteersCnt |
| Total Gross UBI | $0 | TotalGrossUBIAmt |
| Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm | $0 | NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt |
| PY Contributions Grants | $457,577 | PYContributionsGrantsAmt |
| CY Contributions Grants | $99,890 | CYContributionsGrantsAmt |
| PY Program Service Revenue | $2,933,057 | PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
| CY Program Service Revenue | $3,213,705 | CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
| PY Investment Income | $0 | PYInvestmentIncomeAmt |
| CY Investment Income | $0 | CYInvestmentIncomeAmt |
| PY Other Revenue | $150 | PYOtherRevenueAmt |
| CY Other Revenue | $0 | CYOtherRevenueAmt |
| PY Total Revenue | $3,390,784 | PYTotalRevenueAmt |
| CY Total Revenue | $3,313,595 | CYTotalRevenueAmt |
| PY Grants And Similar Paid | $345,125 | PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt |
| CY Grants And Similar Paid | $25,888 | CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt |
| PY Benefits Paid To Members | $0 | PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt |
| CY Benefits Paid To Members | $0 | CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt |
| PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid | $2,227,342 | PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt |
| CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid | $2,385,565 | CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt |
| PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns | $0 | PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt |
| CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns | $0 | CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt |
| CY Total Fundraising Expense | $27,906 | CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt |
| PY Other Expenses | $724,439 | PYOtherExpensesAmt |
| CY Other Expenses | $935,721 | CYOtherExpensesAmt |
| PY Total Expenses | $3,296,906 | PYTotalExpensesAmt |
| CY Total Expenses | $3,347,174 | CYTotalExpensesAmt |
| PY Revenues Less Expenses | $93,878 | PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt |
| CY Revenues Less Expenses | -$33,579 | CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt |
| Total Assets BOY | $2,877,505 | TotalAssetsBOYAmt |
| Total Assets EOY | $2,985,332 | TotalAssetsEOYAmt |
| Total Liabilities BOY | $228,909 | TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt |
| Total Liabilities EOY | $373,425 | TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY | $2,648,596 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt |
| Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY | $2,611,907 | NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt |
| Mission | THE ORGANIZATION'S MISSION IS TO CREATE AND SUPPORT A NETWORK OF K-8 CHARTER SCHOOLS IN UNDER-SERVED COMMUNITIES THAT PROVIDES STUDENTS WITH THE ACADEMIC SKILLS AND CRITICAL-THINKING ABILITIES THEY NEED TO SUCCEED IN A COLLEGE-PREPARATORY HIGH SCHOOL. | MissionDesc |
| Significant New Program Srvc | 0 | SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd |
| Significant Change | 0 | SignificantChangeInd |
| Expense | $2,349,628 | ExpenseAmt |
| Grant | $25,888 | GrantAmt |
| Revenue | $3,213,705 | RevenueAmt |
| Desc | THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY 1,930 STUDENTS ENROLLED IN THE NETWORK'S EDUCATIONAL CORPORATION IN CENTRAL BROOKLYN FOR THE 2015-2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. TO REALIZE ITS MISSION, ESI PROVIDES VALUE-ADDED SUPPORT TO SCHOOLS WITHIN THE NETWORK, WHILE AT THE SAME TIME DEVELOPING CAPACITY TO ESTABLISH AND SUPPORT TURNAROUND SCHOOLS THAT WILL PROVIDE STUDENTS IN UNDER-SERVED COMMUNITIES WITH ACCESS TO A HIGH-QUALITY PUBLIC EDUCATION. | Desc |
| Total Program Service Expenses | $2,349,628 | TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt |
| Described In Section501c3 | Yes (1) | DescribedInSection501c3Ind |
| Schedule B Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleBRequiredInd |
| Political Campaign Acty | 0 | PoliticalCampaignActyInd |
| Lobbying Activities | 0 | LobbyingActivitiesInd |
| Subject To Proxy Tax | 0 | SubjectToProxyTaxInd |
| Donor Advised Fund | 0 | DonorAdvisedFundInd |
| Conservation Easements | 0 | ConservationEasementsInd |
| Collections Of Art | 0 | CollectionsOfArtInd |
| Credit Counseling | 0 | CreditCounselingInd |
| Temp Or Permanent Endowments | 0 | TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd |
| Report Land Building Equipment | Yes (1) | ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd |
| Report Investments Other Sec | 0 | ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd |
| Report Program Related Invst | 0 | ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd |
| Report Other Assets | Yes (1) | ReportOtherAssetsInd |
| Report Other Liabilities | 0 | ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd |
| Include FIN48 Footnote | Yes (1) | IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd |
| Independent Audit Fincl Stmt | Yes (1) | IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd |
| Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt | 0 | ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd |
| School Operating | 0 | SchoolOperatingInd |
| Foreign Office | 0 | ForeignOfficeInd |
| Foreign Activities | 0 | ForeignActivitiesInd |
| More Than5000 K To Org | 0 | MoreThan5000KToOrgInd |
| More Than5000 K To Individuals | 0 | MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd |
| Professional Fundraising | 0 | ProfessionalFundraisingInd |
| Fundraising Activities | 0 | FundraisingActivitiesInd |
| Gaming Activities | 0 | GamingActivitiesInd |
| Operate Hospital | 0 | OperateHospitalInd |
| Grants To Organizations | Yes (1) | GrantsToOrganizationsInd |
| Grants To Individuals | 0 | GrantsToIndividualsInd |
| Schedule J Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleJRequiredInd |
| Tax Exempt Bonds | 0 | TaxExemptBondsInd |
| Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans | 0 | EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd |
| PY Excess Benefit Trans | 0 | PYExcessBenefitTransInd |
| Loan Outstanding | 0 | LoanOutstandingInd |
| Grant To Related Person | 0 | GrantToRelatedPersonInd |
| Business Rln With Org Mem | 0 | BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd |
| Business Rln With Fam Mem | 0 | BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd |
| Business Rln With Officer Ent | 0 | BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd |
| Deductible Non Cash Contri | 0 | DeductibleNonCashContriInd |
| Deductible Art Contribution | 0 | DeductibleArtContributionInd |
| Terminate Operations | 0 | TerminateOperationsInd |
| Partial Liquidation | 0 | PartialLiquidationInd |
| Disregarded Entity | 0 | DisregardedEntityInd |
| Related Entity | 0 | RelatedEntityInd |
| Related Organization Ctrl Ent | 0 | RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd |
| Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org | 0 | TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd |
| Activities Conducted Prtshp | 0 | ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd |
| Schedule O Required | Yes (1) | ScheduleORequiredInd |
| IRP Document | 29 | IRPDocumentCnt |
| IRP Document W2 G | 0 | IRPDocumentW2GCnt |
| Employee | 24 | EmployeeCnt |
| Employment Tax Returns Filed | Yes (1) | EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd |
| Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit | 0 | UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd |
| Foreign Financial Account | 0 | ForeignFinancialAccountInd |
| Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans | 0 | ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd |
| Taxable Party Notification | 0 | TaxablePartyNotificationInd |
| Nondeductible Contributions | 0 | NondeductibleContributionsInd |
| Quid Pro Quo Contributions | 0 | QuidProQuoContributionsInd |
| Form8282 Property Disposed Of | 0 | Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd |
| Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct | 0 | RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd |
| Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct | 0 | PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd |
| Indoor Tanning Services | 0 | IndoorTanningServicesInd |
| Info In Schedule O Part VI | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd |
| Governing Body Voting Members | 7 | GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt |
| Independent Voting Member | 6 | IndependentVotingMemberCnt |
| Family Or Business Rln | 0 | FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd |
| Delegation Of Mgmt Duties | 0 | DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd |
| Change To Org Documents | 0 | ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd |
| Material Diversion Or Misuse | 0 | MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd |
| Members Or Stockholders | 0 | MembersOrStockholdersInd |
| Election Of Board Members | 0 | ElectionOfBoardMembersInd |
| Decisions Subject To Approva | 0 | DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd |
| Minutes Of Governing Body | Yes (1) | MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd |
| Minutes Of Committees | Yes (1) | MinutesOfCommitteesInd |
| Officer Mailing Address | 0 | OfficerMailingAddressInd |
| Local Chapters | 0 | LocalChaptersInd |
| Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body | Yes (1) | Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd |
| Conflict Of Interest Policy | Yes (1) | ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd |
| Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn | Yes (1) | AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd |
| Regular Monitoring Enfrc | Yes (1) | RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd |
| Whistleblower Policy | Yes (1) | WhistleblowerPolicyInd |
| Document Retention Policy | Yes (1) | DocumentRetentionPolicyInd |
| Compensation Process CEO | Yes (1) | CompensationProcessCEOInd |
| Compensation Process Other | 0 | CompensationProcessOtherInd |
| Investment In Joint Venture | 0 | InvestmentInJointVentureInd |
| States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld | NY | StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd |
| Upon Request | Yes (X) | UponRequestInd |
Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail
Business Name BusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | SHAWN-ANN MULLEN | BusinessNameLine1Txt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Phone | 3478740640 | PhoneNum |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 20 JAY STREET NO 211 | AddressLine1Txt |
| City | BROOKLYN | CityNm |
| State Abbreviation | NY | StateAbbreviationCd |
| ZIP | 11201 | ZIPCd |
Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (11 entries)
| TitleTitleTxt | Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt | Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd | OfficerOfficerInd | Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt | Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt | Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JAY MCNAMARA | ||||||
| BOARD CHAIRMAN | 2.00 | Yes (X) | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| STEPHEN COOK | ||||||
| TREASURER | 1.00 | Yes (X) | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| BRIAN COAD | ||||||
| TREASURER | 1.00 | Yes (X) | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| SHERRI LEE EISENPRESS | ||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
| TIM TAYLOR | ||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
| SUELLYN SCULL | ||||||
| TRUSTEE | 1.00 | Yes (X) | $0 | $0 | $0 | |
| MORTON A BALLEN | ||||||
| CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | 50.00 | Yes (X) | Yes (X) | $250,617 | $0 | $17,840 |
| SHAWN-ANN MULLEN | ||||||
| CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER | 50.00 | Yes (X) | $168,625 | $0 | $13,717 | |
| SAMUEL FRAGOMENI | ||||||
| CHIEF ACADEMIC OFFICER | 50.00 | Yes (X) | $157,409 | $0 | $9,123 | |
| KEITH VIGRAHAM | ||||||
| CHIEF STRATEGY OFFICER | 50.00 | Yes (X) | $148,988 | $0 | $10,568 | |
| REBECCA DAVERIN | ||||||
| CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER | 50.00 | Yes (X) | $136,617 | $0 | $10,912 | |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Reportable Comp From Org | $862,256 | TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt |
| Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org | $0 | TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt |
| Total Other Compensation | $62,160 | TotalOtherCompensationAmt |
| Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K | 5 | IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt |
| Former Ofcr Employees Listed | 0 | FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd |
| Total Comp Greater Than150 K | Yes (1) | TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd |
| Compensation From Other Srcs | 0 | CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd |
| Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K | 0 | CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt |
| All Other Contributions | $99,890 | AllOtherContributionsAmt |
| Total Contributions | $99,890 | TotalContributionsAmt |
Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Desc | MANAGEMENT FEE | Desc |
| Business | 541610 | BusinessCd |
| Total Revenue Column | $3,213,705 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $3,213,705 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Program Service Revenue | $3,213,705 | TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt |
Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Revenue Column | $3,313,595 | TotalRevenueColumnAmt |
| Related Or Exempt Func Income | $3,213,705 | RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt |
| Unrelated Business Revenue | $0 | UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt |
| Exclusion | $0 | ExclusionAmt |
Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $25,888 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $25,888 | ProgramServicesAmt |
Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $988,942 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $674,570 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $303,856 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $10,516 | FundraisingAmt |
Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $1,096,937 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $748,235 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $337,038 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $11,664 | FundraisingAmt |
Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $21,713 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $14,811 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $6,671 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $231 | FundraisingAmt |
Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $126,206 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $86,087 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $38,777 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $1,342 | FundraisingAmt |
Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $151,767 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $103,522 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $46,631 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $1,614 | FundraisingAmt |
Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $10,206 | TotalAmt |
| Management And General | $10,206 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $12,750 | TotalAmt |
| Management And General | $12,750 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $257,081 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $206,687 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $50,394 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Advertising AdvertisingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $66,331 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $56,383 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $9,948 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $63,700 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $27,344 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $35,931 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $425 | FundraisingAmt |
Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $143,896 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $122,311 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $21,585 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Occupancy OccupancyGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $93,721 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $63,928 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $28,796 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $997 | FundraisingAmt |
Travel TravelGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $42,815 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $29,205 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $13,155 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $455 | FundraisingAmt |
Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $53,498 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $44,765 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $8,733 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $56,719 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $38,689 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $17,427 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $603 | FundraisingAmt |
Insurance InsuranceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $20,395 | TotalAmt |
| Management And General | $20,395 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Desc | STAFF DEVELOPMENT | Desc |
| Total | $114,609 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $107,203 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $7,347 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $59 | FundraisingAmt |
Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | $3,347,174 | TotalAmt |
| Program Services | $2,349,628 | ProgramServicesAmt |
| Management And General | $969,640 | ManagementAndGeneralAmt |
| Fundraising | $27,906 | FundraisingAmt |
Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,345,742 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $1,518,410 | EOYAmt |
Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $105,598 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $106,480 | EOYAmt |
Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $170 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $20,808 | EOYAmt |
Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $229,420 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $30,031 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss | $297,734 | LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt |
| Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec | $186,847 | LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt |
Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $84,892 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $110,887 | EOYAmt |
Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $111,683 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $1,198,716 | EOYAmt |
Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,877,505 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,985,332 | EOYAmt |
Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $228,909 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $373,425 | EOYAmt |
Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $228,909 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $373,425 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Organization Follows SFAS117 | Yes (X) | OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind |
Unrestricted Net Assets UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,503,743 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,611,907 | EOYAmt |
Temporarily Rstr Net Assets TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $144,853 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $0 | EOYAmt |
Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,648,596 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,611,907 | EOYAmt |
Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| BOY | $2,877,505 | BOYAmt |
| EOY | $2,985,332 | EOYAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Info In Schedule O Part XI | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd |
| Reconcilation Revenue Expnss | -$33,579 | ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt |
| Other Changes In Net Assets | -$3,110 | OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt |
| Info In Schedule O Part XII | Yes (X) | InfoInScheduleOPartXIIInd |
| Method Of Accounting Accrual | Yes (X) | MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd |
| Accountant Compile Or Review | 0 | AccountantCompileOrReviewInd |
| FS Audited | Yes (1) | FSAuditedInd |
FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Separate Basis Fincl Stmt | Yes (X) | SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Audit Committee | Yes (1) | AuditCommitteeInd |
| Federal Grant Audit Required | 0 | FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd |
Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Public Organization170 | Yes (X) | PublicOrganization170Ind |
Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Tax Year Minus4 Years | $1,527,569 | CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus3 Years | $1,746,776 | CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus2 Years | $1,164,836 | CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus1 Year | $457,577 | CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt |
| Current Tax Year | $99,890 | CurrentTaxYearAmt |
| Total | $4,996,648 | TotalAmt |
Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Tax Year Minus4 Years | $1,527,569 | CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus3 Years | $1,746,776 | CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus2 Years | $1,164,836 | CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus1 Year | $457,577 | CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt |
| Current Tax Year | $99,890 | CurrentTaxYearAmt |
| Total | $4,996,648 | TotalAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Substantial Contributors Tot | $2,241,117 | SubstantialContributorsTotAmt |
| Public Support Total170 | $2,755,531 | PublicSupportTotal170Amt |
Other Income170 OtherIncome170Grp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Current Tax Year Minus4 Years | $1,500 | CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus3 Years | $1,357 | CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus2 Years | $560 | CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt |
| Current Tax Year Minus1 Year | $150 | CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt |
| Total | $3,567 | TotalAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Support | $5,000,215 | TotalSupportAmt |
| Gross Receipts Rltd Activities | $3,213,705 | GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt |
| Public Support CY170 | 0.55110 | PublicSupportCY170Pct |
| Public Support PY170 | 0.57380 | PublicSupportPY170Pct |
| Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170 | Yes (X) | ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind |
Form990 Schedule A Part VI Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | SCHEDULE A, PART II, LINE 10, EXPLANATION OF OTHER INCOME: | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | OTHER REVENUE - 2011 AMOUNT: $ 1,500. 2012 AMOUNT: $ 1,357. 2013 AMOUNT: $ 560. 2014 AMOUNT: $ 150. | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB
Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Contributor | RESTRICTED | ContributorNum |
Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | RESTRICTED | BusinessNameLine1 |
Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | RESTRICTED | AddressLine1 |
| Address Line2 | RESTRICTED | AddressLine2 |
| City | RESTRICTED | City |
| State | RESTRICTED | State |
| ZIP Code | RESTRICTED | ZIPCode |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Contributions | RESTRICTED | TotalContributionsAmt |
Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD
Leasehold Improvements LeaseholdImprovementsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $11,810 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Book Value | $11,810 | BookValueAmt |
Equipment EquipmentGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $165,538 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Depreciation | $161,847 | DepreciationAmt |
| Book Value | $3,691 | BookValueAmt |
Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Other Cost Or Other Basis | $120,386 | OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt |
| Depreciation | $25,000 | DepreciationAmt |
| Book Value | $95,386 | BookValueAmt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Book Value Land Buildings | $110,887 | TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt |
Other Assets Org OtherAssetsOrgGrp (2 entries)
| DescDesc | Book ValueBookValueAmt |
|---|---|
| SECURITY DEPOSIT | $18,678 |
| DUE FROM AFFILIATES | $1,180,038 |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total Book Value Other Assets | $1,198,716 | TotalBookValueOtherAssetsAmt |
| Footnote Text | Yes (X) | FootnoteTextInd |
| Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt | $3,320,726 | TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt |
| Donated Services And Use Fclts | $7,131 | DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt |
| Revenue Not Reported | $7,131 | RevenueNotReportedAmt |
| Revenue Subtotal | $3,313,595 | RevenueSubtotalAmt |
| Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt | $0 | RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt |
| Total Revenue Per Form990 | $3,313,595 | TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt |
| Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt | $3,357,415 | TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt |
| Donated Services Use Fclts | $7,131 | DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt |
| Other Expenses Included | $3,110 | OtherExpensesIncludedAmt |
| Expenses Not Reported | $10,241 | ExpensesNotReportedAmt |
| Expenses Subtotal | $3,347,174 | ExpensesSubtotalAmt |
| Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt | $0 | ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt |
| Total Expenses Per Form990 | $3,347,174 | TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)
| Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc | ExplanationExplanationTxt |
|---|---|
| PART X, LINE 2: | ESI RECOGNIZES THE EFFECT OF INCOME TAX POSITIONS ONLY IF THOSE POSITIONS ARE MORE LIKELY THAN NOT TO BE SUSTAINED. MANAGEMENT HAS DETERMINED THAT ESI HAD NO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS THAT WOULD REQUIRE FINANCIAL STATEMENT RECOGNITION OR DISCLOSURE. ESI IS NO LONGER SUBJECT TO EXAMINATIONS BY THE APPLICABLE TAXING JURISDICTIONS FOR YEARS PRIOR TO JUNE 30, 2013. |
| PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: | LOSS ON DISPOSAL OF ASSETS REPORTED ON PART XI: 3,110. |
Schedule I IRS990ScheduleI
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Grant Records Maintained | Yes (1) | GrantRecordsMaintainedInd |
Recipient Table RecipientTable
Recipient Business Name RecipientBusinessName
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Business Name Line1 | EXPLORE CHARTER SCHOOLS OF BROOKLYN | BusinessNameLine1Txt |
US Address USAddress
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Address Line1 | 1077 REMSEN AVENUE | AddressLine1Txt |
| City | BROOKLYN | CityNm |
| State Abbreviation | NY | StateAbbreviationCd |
| ZIP | 11236 | ZIPCd |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Recipient EIN | 274092757 | RecipientEIN |
| IRC Section | 501(C)(3) | IRCSectionDesc |
| Cash Grant | $25,888 | CashGrantAmt |
| Purpose Of Grant | GENERAL OPERATING | PurposeOfGrantTxt |
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Total501c3 Org | 1 | Total501c3OrgCnt |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | PART I, LINE 2: | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | THE ORGANIZATION REMITTED GRANTS TO EXPLORE CHARTER SCHOOLS OF BROOKLYN (EXPLORE CHARTER SCHOOL, EXPLORE EMPOWER CHARTER SCHOOL, EXPLORE EXCEL CHARTER SCHOOL, AND EXPLORE EXCEED CHARTER SCHOOL). THESE FUNDS ARE THE PROCEEDS FROM AN END OF YEAR E-MAIL APPEAL AND GRANTED TO THE SCHOOLS FOR GENERAL OPERATING USE TOTALING $25,888. | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Compensation Committee | Yes (X) | CompensationCommitteeInd |
| Form990 Of Other Organizations | Yes (X) | Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd |
| Compensation Survey | Yes (X) | CompensationSurveyInd |
| Board Or Committee Approval | Yes (X) | BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd |
| Severance Payment | 0 | SeverancePaymentInd |
| Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan | 0 | SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd |
| Equity Based Comp Arrngm | 0 | EquityBasedCompArrngmInd |
| Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org | 0 | CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd |
| Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs | 0 | CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd |
| Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org | 0 | CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd |
| Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs | 0 | CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd |
| Any Non Fixed Payments | Yes (1) | AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd |
| Initial Contract Exception | 0 | InitialContractExceptionInd |
Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (4 entries)
| TitleTitleTxt | Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt | Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount | Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt | Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt | Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt | Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt | Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt | Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt | Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt | Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt | Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt | Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MORTON A BALLEN | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER | $250,617 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $8,717 | $0 | $9,123 | $0 | $268,457 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| SHAWN-ANN MULLEN | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER | $160,625 | $0 | $8,000 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $4,594 | $0 | $9,123 | $0 | $182,342 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| SAMUEL FRAGOMENI | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF ACADEMIC OFFICER | $154,159 | $0 | $3,250 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $9,123 | $0 | $166,532 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
| KEITH VIGRAHAM | ||||||||||||||
| CHIEF STRATEGY OFFICER | $145,488 | $0 | $3,500 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $1,446 | $0 | $9,122 | $0 | $159,556 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail
| Field | Value | IRS element (for citing) |
|---|---|---|
| Form And Line Reference | PART I, LINE 7 | FormAndLineReferenceDesc |
| Explanation | EXPLORE SCHOOLS INC. PAID OUT NON-FIXED PAYMENTS AS BONUS COMPENSATION TO SHAWN-ANN MULLEN, REBECCA DAVERIN, SAM FRAGOMENI AND KEITH VIGRAHAM BASED ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE. | ExplanationTxt |
Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO
Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (6 entries)
| Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc | ExplanationExplanationTxt |
|---|---|
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 | SENIOR MANAGEMENT REVIEWS THE FORM 990 AND THEN FORWARDS IT TO THE FINANCE COMMITTEE FOR THEIR REVIEW. IF CHANGES ARE REQUIRED, THE ORGANIZATION WILL THEN FORWARD THE FORM 990 TO THE AUDITING FIRM AND A FINAL VERSION OF THE FORM 990 IS THEN DISTRIBUTED TO ALL THE ORGANIZATION'S BOARD MEMBERS PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE IRS. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C | PRIOR TO ELECTION TO THE BOARD, AND THEREAFTER ON AN ANNUAL BASIS, ALL TRUSTEES ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE, IN WRITING, ANY INTEREST SUCH TRUSTEE MAY HAVE IN ANY CORPORATION, ORGANIZATION, PARTNERSHIP OR OTHER ENTITY WHICH PROVIDES PROFESSIONAL OR OTHER GOODS OR SERVICES TO THE ORGANIZATION FOR A FEE OR OTHER COMPENSATION, AND ANY INTEREST SUCH TRUSTEE MAY HAVE AS A RESULT OF A POSITION OR OTHER RELATIONSHIP WITH ANY NOT-FOR-PROFIT CORPORATION WITH WHICH THE ORGANIZATION HAS AN ATTORNEY-CLIENT OR OTHER BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP (COLLECTIVELY, A "CONFLICT OF INTEREST"). ADDITIONALLY, THE ORGANIZATION SHARES ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY WITH OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES ANNUALLY, AND THESE EMPLOYEES ARE EXPECTED TO DECLARE IF AT ANY POINT A CONFLICT OF INTEREST ARISES. IF A CONFLICT WERE TO ARISE, THE INTERESTED PERSON SHALL EXCUSE THEMSELVES FROM BOARD DISCUSSION AND ABSTAIN FROM VOTING ON THE POTENTIAL CONFLICT. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A | THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE DOES A MARKET ANALYSIS TO COMPARE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND OTHER LEADERSHIP POSITION SALARIES IN SIMILAR ORGANIZATIONS AND IS ALSO INVOLVED IN THE APPROVAL FOR THE ANNUAL BUDGET FOR THE ORGANIZATION. THIS PROCESS LAST OCCURED IN 2015 AND WAS DOCUMENTED IN THE MINUTES OF THE GOVERNING BOARD. |
| FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 | THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ITS FORM 990 AVAILABLE FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION AS REQUIRED UNDER SECTION 6104 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. THE RETURN IS POSTED ON GUIDESTAR.ORG AND OTHER SIMILAR TYPES OF WEBSITES. IN ADDITION, THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE UPON WRITTEN REQUEST AT 20 JAY STREET #211, BROOKLYN, NY 11201, OR BY CALLING THE ORGANIZATION DIRECTLY AT 347-875-7194. |
| FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9: | LOSS ON DISPOSAL OF ASSET -3,110. |
| FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C: | THE ORGANIZATION HAS AN AUDIT COMMITTEE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OVERSIGHT OF THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SELECTION OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS. THE PROCESS HAS NOT CHANGED FROM THE PRIOR YEAR. |
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