TOSTAN INC: Form 990, tax year 2021

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: TOSTAN INC (EIN 98-0118876)
Tax period: 2021-01-01 to 2021-12-31
Filed: 2022-11-08
IRS object ID: 202233129349304528
Schema version: 2021v4.2
Note: A later return for the same period supersedes this one.
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule D
Schedule E
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule J
Schedule M
Schedule O

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2022-11-08T16:23:24-06:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2021-12-31	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	521392008	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	GELMAN ROSENBERG & FREEDMAN	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	4550 MONTGOMERY AVE SUITE 800N	AddressLine1Txt
City	BETHESDA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	MD	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	208142930	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2021-01-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	980118876	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	TOSTAN INC	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	TOST	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	2025053925	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	1199 N FAIRFAX ST 300	AddressLine1Txt
City	ALEXANDRIA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	VA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	22314	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	ELENA BONOMETTI	PersonNm
Person Title	CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	2025053925	PhoneNum
Signature	2022-11-08	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (1)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person First	ELENA	PersonFirstNm
Person Last	BONOMETTI	PersonLastNm

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
SSN	999009999	SSN

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	RICHARD J LOCASTRO CPA	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P00288314	PTIN
Phone	3019519090	PhoneNum

Additional Filer Information AdditionalFilerInformation

Trusted Customer TrustedCustomerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Trusted Customer	3	TrustedCustomerCd
Authentication Assurance Level	AAL1	AuthenticationAssuranceLevelCd
Identity Assurance Level	IAL1	IdentityAssuranceLevelCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2021	TaxYr
Build TS	2022-09-23 18:48:47Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Amended Return	Yes (X)	AmendedReturnInd
Principal Officer	ELENA BONOMETTI	PrincipalOfficerNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	1199 N FAIRFAX ST 300	AddressLine1Txt
City	ALEXANDRIA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	VA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	22314	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$33,577,785	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	0	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.TOSTAN.ORG	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	1991	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	DE	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	SEE PART III, LINE 1.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	10	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	9	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	5	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	9	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	$0	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$0	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$8,518,561	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$32,221,125	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$0	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$575,459	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	-$121,804	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	-$508	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$26,953	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$0	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$8,423,710	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$32,796,076	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$181,479	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$207,369	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$4,077,536	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$5,484,419	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$48,778	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$15,675	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$1,151,856	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$2,794,502	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$6,830,749	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$7,102,295	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$12,538,212	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	$1,321,415	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	$20,257,864	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$5,253,773	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$25,433,067	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$215,538	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$518,643	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$5,038,235	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$24,914,424	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Info In Schedule O Part III	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd
Mission	TOSTAN EMPOWERS COMMUNITIES TO DEVELOP AND ACHIEVE THEIR VISION FOR THE FUTURE AND INSPIRES LARGE-SCALE MOVEMENTS LEADING TO DIGNITY FOR ALL.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	0	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	0	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$9,967,142	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$207,369	GrantAmt
Revenue	$575,459	RevenueAmt
Desc	IN SEEKING TO SCALE COMMUNITY WELL-BEING, TOSTAN IS FOLLOWING THREE SCALING PATHWAYS AND RELATED PROGRAM SERVICES: DIRECT IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAMS, TRAINING AND REPLICATION IN PARTNERSHIP WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, AND GLOBAL INFLUENCE. A. DIRECT IMPLEMENTATION IN RELATION TO ITS DIRECT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS, IN 2021, TOSTAN OPERATED IN 5 COUNTRIES AND HAD THE FOLLOWING REACH THROUGH ITS MAJOR PROGRAM, THE COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM: (CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O)	Desc
Total Program Service Expenses	$9,967,142	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (1)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	0	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	0	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Subject To Proxy Tax	0	SubjectToProxyTaxInd
Donor Advised Fund	0	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	0	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	0	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	0	CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments	0	DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (1)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	0	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	0	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	0	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	0	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (1)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (1)	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	0	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	Yes (1)	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	Yes (1)	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	Yes (1)	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	Yes (1)	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	0	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	Yes (1)	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	0	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	0	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	0	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	0	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	0	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	0	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	0	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	0	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	0	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	0	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	0	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent	0	BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	Yes (1)	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	0	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	0	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	0	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	0	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	0	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	0	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	0	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	0	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (1)	ScheduleORequiredInd
Info In Schedule O Part V	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVInd
IRP Document	1	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (1)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	5	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (1)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	0	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Foreign Financial Account	Yes (1)	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Foreign Country	ML	ForeignCountryCd
Foreign Country	GV	ForeignCountryCd
Foreign Country	PU	ForeignCountryCd
Foreign Country	SG	ForeignCountryCd
Foreign Country	GA	ForeignCountryCd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	0	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	0	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	0	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	0	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	0	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	0	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	0	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt	0	SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc	0	SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	10	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	9	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	0	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	0	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	0	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	0	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	0	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	0	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	0	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (1)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (1)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	0	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	0	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	Yes (1)	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (1)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	Yes (1)	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (1)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	Yes (1)	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	Yes (1)	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (1)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	0	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	FL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Own Website	Yes (X)	OwnWebsiteInd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	MALICK TOUNKARA	PersonNm
Phone	2025053925	PhoneNum

Foreign Address ForeignAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	5 CITE AELMAS OUEST FOIRE EN FACE	AddressLine1Txt
City	DAKARYOFF	CityNm
Country	SG	CountryCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (12 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	OfficerOfficerInd
MOLLY MELCHING
FOUNDER	40.00	Yes (X)	$91,200	$0	$9,857
KELLY BAXTER
CHAIRPERSON	3.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0	Yes (X)
FATIMATA SY
VICE-CHAIRPERSON	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0	Yes (X)
DIAKA SALL
SECRETARY	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0	Yes (X)
THIABA CAMARA SY
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
PAPE MOMAR SOW
DIRECTOR (FROM APRIL 2021)	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
ANNE CHARLOTTE RINQUIST
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
GAIL KANEB
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
JAN CHRISTIANSEN
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
MARY ELLEN CUNNINGHAM
DIRECTOR	1.00	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
ELENA BONOMETTI
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER	40.00		$173,798	$0	$46,600	Yes (X)
KADJI DIOP
CHIEF FINANCE & OPS. OFFICER, TREAS.	40.00		$139,888	$0	$39,141	Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$404,886	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$95,598	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	2	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	0	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (1)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	0	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	0	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Government Grants	$2,881,771	GovernmentGrantsAmt
All Other Contributions	$29,339,354	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Noncash Contributions	$757,241	NoncashContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$32,221,125	TotalContributionsAmt

Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Desc	TRAINING CENTER	Desc
Business	900099	BusinessCd
Total Revenue Column	$575,459	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$575,459	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Revenue	$575,459	TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$1,361	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	$1,361	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$779,840	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$781,709	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	-$1,869	SecuritiesAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$1,869	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Exclusion	-$1,869	ExclusionAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$32,796,076	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$575,459	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	-$508	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part IX	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartIXInd

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$207,369	TotalAmt
Program Services	$207,369	ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$500,484	TotalAmt
Program Services	$172,252	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$158,988	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$169,244	FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$4,472,370	TotalAmt
Program Services	$3,479,273	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$564,606	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$428,491	FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$188,054	TotalAmt
Program Services	$151,086	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$23,053	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$13,915	FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$285,360	TotalAmt
Program Services	$215,629	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$41,695	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$28,036	FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$38,151	TotalAmt
Program Services	$28,148	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$5,522	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$4,481	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$21,793	TotalAmt
Program Services	$11,326	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$5,690	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$4,777	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$92,803	TotalAmt
Program Services	$48,230	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$24,231	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$20,342	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$15,675	TotalAmt
Fundraising	$15,675	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,421,738	TotalAmt
Program Services	$747,420	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$374,760	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$299,558	FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$230,736	TotalAmt
Program Services	$178,304	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$32,990	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$19,442	FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,365,821	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,250,681	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$37,087	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$78,053	FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$617,117	TotalAmt
Program Services	$520,923	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$26,352	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$69,842	FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$88,754	TotalAmt
Management And General	$88,754	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Desc	PROGRAM TRAINING COSTS	Desc
Total	$2,991,987	TotalAmt
Program Services	$2,956,501	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$35,486	ManagementAndGeneralAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$12,538,212	TotalAmt
Program Services	$9,967,142	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$1,419,214	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$1,151,856	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$3,731,974	BOYAmt
EOY	$4,339,195	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$323,234	BOYAmt
EOY	$19,104,255	EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$333,333	BOYAmt
EOY	$886,200	EOYAmt

Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$139,161	BOYAmt
EOY	$150,392	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$22,128	BOYAmt
EOY	$68,714	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$2,107,646	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$1,223,335	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$679,475	BOYAmt
EOY	$884,311	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$24,468	BOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$5,253,773	BOYAmt
EOY	$25,433,067	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$215,538	BOYAmt
EOY	$518,643	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$215,538	BOYAmt
EOY	$518,643	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,784,384	BOYAmt
EOY	$22,576,928	EOYAmt

Donor Restriction Net Assets DonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,253,851	BOYAmt
EOY	$2,337,496	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$5,038,235	BOYAmt
EOY	$24,914,424	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$5,253,773	BOYAmt
EOY	$25,433,067	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	$20,257,864	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	-$381,675	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	0	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (1)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Separate Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (1)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	0	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
School	Yes (X)	SchoolInd

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor	RESTRICTED	ContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Contributions	RESTRICTED	TotalContributionsAmt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

Land LandGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$271,433	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value	$271,433	BookValueAmt

Buildings BuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$533,030	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$327,218	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$205,812	BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$500,666	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$258,095	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$242,571	BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$802,517	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$638,022	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$164,495	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$884,311	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$32,796,826	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Donated Services And Use Fclts	$750	DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt
Revenue Not Reported	$750	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$32,796,076	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	$0	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$32,796,076	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$12,538,962	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Donated Services Use Fclts	$750	DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$750	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$12,538,212	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$0	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$12,538,212	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART X, LINE 2:	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021, TOSTAN HAS DOCUMENTED ITS CONSIDERATION OF FASB ASC 740-10, INCOME TAXES, THAT PROVIDES GUIDANCE FOR REPORTING UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES AND HAS DETERMINED THAT NO MATERIAL UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS QUALIFY FOR EITHER RECOGNITION OR DISCLOSURE IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule E IRS990ScheduleE

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Nondiscriminatory Policy Stmt	Yes (1)	NondiscriminatoryPolicyStmtInd
Policy Stmt In Brochures Etc	Yes (1)	PolicyStmtInBrochuresEtcInd
Plcy Pblczd Via Broadcast Media	0	PlcyPblczdViaBroadcastMediaInd
Maintain Racial Comp Recs	Yes (1)	MaintainRacialCompRecsInd
Maintain Scholarships Recs	Yes (1)	MaintainScholarshipsRecsInd
Maintain Cpy Of Brochures Etc	Yes (1)	MaintainCpyOfBrochuresEtcInd
Maintain Cpy Of All Sol	Yes (1)	MaintainCpyOfAllSolInd
Discriminate Race Stdnts Rghts	0	DiscriminateRaceStdntsRghtsInd
Discriminate Race Admiss Plcy	0	DiscriminateRaceAdmissPlcyInd
Discriminate Race Emplm Fculty	0	DiscriminateRaceEmplmFcultyInd
Discriminate Race Schs	0	DiscriminateRaceSchsInd
Discriminate Race Educ Plcy	0	DiscriminateRaceEducPlcyInd
Discriminate Race Use Of Fclts	0	DiscriminateRaceUseOfFcltsInd
Discriminate Race Athlt Prog	0	DiscriminateRaceAthltProgInd
Discriminate Race Other Acty	0	DiscriminateRaceOtherActyInd
Government Financial Aid Rcvd	Yes (1)	GovernmentFinancialAidRcvdInd
Government Financial Aid Rvkd	0	GovernmentFinancialAidRvkdInd
Compliance With Rev Proc7550	Yes (1)	ComplianceWithRevProc7550Ind

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
SCHEDULE E, PART I, LINE 3	TOSTAN HAS A RACIALLY NONDISCRIMINATORY POLICY IN PLACE. HOWEVER, BECAUSE THE ORGANIZATION ONLY WORKS IN AFRICA, THE COMMUNITY IT SERVES IS AFRICAN, AS ARE 99% OF ITS EMPLOYEES. ADDITIONALLY, THE ORGANIZATION'S EDUCATION EFFORTS WITHIN COMMUNITIES ARE ONGOING AND THERE IS NOT SPECIFIC SOLICITATION OR REGISTRATION PERIOD.
SCHEDULE E, PART I, LINE 6	DURING 2021, TOSTAN RECEIVED $2,881,771 OF NON-U.S. GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE.

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Grant Records Maintained	Yes (1)	GrantRecordsMaintainedInd

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (3 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	OfficesOfficesCnt	EmployeeEmployeeCnt	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt	Specific Services ProvidedSpecificServicesProvidedTxt	Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	5	675	PROGRAM SERVICE ACTIVITIES	COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAMS	$9,759,773
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	1	40	MANAGEMENT & GENERAL		$2,571,820
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	0	0	GRANTS TO RECIPIENTS LOCATED IN THE REGION		$207,369

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices	6	SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees	715	SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continuation Total Office	0	ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt
Continuation Total Employee	0	ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office	6	TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee	715	TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent	$12,538,962	SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent	$0	ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent	$12,538,962	TotalSpentAmt

Grants To Org Outside US GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp (2 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Purpose Of GrantPurposeOfGrantTxt	Cash GrantCashGrantAmt	Manner Of Cash DisbursementMannerOfCashDisbursementTxt	Non Cash AssistanceNonCashAssistanceAmt
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM SUPPORT	$127,000	WIRE	$0
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	PROGRAM SUPPORT	$80,000	WIRE	$0

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total501c3 Org	2	Total501c3OrgCnt
Total Other Org	0	TotalOtherOrgCnt
Transfer To Foreign Corp	Yes (1)	TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust	0	InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership	0	ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co	0	PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership	0	ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries	0	BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (2 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
PART I, LINE 2:	TOSTAN AND THE GRANTEE SIGN A CONTRACT THAT DEFINES THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT, THE BUDGET AND THE PAYMENT SCHEDULE. IN ADDITION, THE GRANTEE IS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE DETAILED EXPENSE REPORTS TO TOSTAN.
PART III ACCOUNTING METHOD:

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Mail Solicitations	Yes (X)	MailSolicitationsInd
Email Solicitations	Yes (X)	EmailSolicitationsInd
Phone Solicitations	Yes (X)	PhoneSolicitationsInd
In Person Solicitations	Yes (X)	InPersonSolicitationsInd
Solicitation Of Non Govt Grants	Yes (X)	SolicitationOfNonGovtGrantsInd
Solicitation Of Govt Grants	Yes (X)	SolicitationOfGovtGrantsInd
Agrmt Prof Fundraising Acty	Yes (1)	AgrmtProfFundraisingActyInd

Fundraiser Activity Info FundraiserActivityInfoGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	ALYSSA F WRIGHT	PersonNm

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	8 WILLIAMS AVE	AddressLine1Txt
City	YORK	CityNm
State Abbreviation	ME	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	03909	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Activity	RESEACH SUPPORT	ActivityTxt
Fundraiser Control Of Funds	0	FundraiserControlOfFundsInd
Gross Receipts	$0	GrossReceiptsAmt
Retained By Contractor	$15,675	RetainedByContractorAmt
Net To Organization	-$15,675	NetToOrganizationAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Retained By Contractors	$15,675	TotalRetainedByContractorsAmt
Total Net To Organization	-$15,675	TotalNetToOrganizationAmt
Licensed States	AL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CO	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	CT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	DE	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	FL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	GA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	IL	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MD	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	MA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NJ	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NM	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NY	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	NC	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	OH	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	PA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	TN	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	UT	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	VA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	WA	LicensedStatesCd
Licensed States	DC	LicensedStatesCd

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Housing Allowance Or Residence	Yes (X)	HousingAllowanceOrResidenceInd
Written Policy Ref T And E Expnss	Yes (1)	WrittenPolicyRefTAndEExpnssInd
Substantiation Required	Yes (1)	SubstantiationRequiredInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (X)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment	0	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	0	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	0	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	0	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	0	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	0	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	0	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	0	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	0	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (2 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
ELENA BONOMETTI
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER	$173,798	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$39,600	$0	$7,000	$0	$220,398	$0	$0	$0
KADJI DIOP
CHIEF FINANCE & OPS. OFFICER, TREAS.	$139,888	$0	$0	$0	$0	$0	$38,599	$0	$542	$0	$179,029	$0	$0	$0

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, LINE 1A	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	TOSTAN PROVIDED HOUSING BENEFITS TO ELENA BONOMETTI $16,224 AND KADJI DIOP $16,224.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	3	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$757,241	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	FMV	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form8283 Received	0	Form8283ReceivedCnt
Any Property That Must Be Held	0	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	0	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd
Third Parties Used	0	ThirdPartiesUsedInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	PART I, COLUMN (B):	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	THIS COLUMN REPORTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (12 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
FORM 990 - AMENDED RETURN:	THIS RETURN IS BEING AMENDED TO ADD SCHEDULE G, PART I REPORTING FEES PAID TO A PROFESSIONAL FUNDRAISER. THIS WAS INADVERTENTLY OMITTED IN THE ORIGINAL FORM 990 FILING. THE FOLLOWING UPDATES ARE REFLECTED IN THE AMENDED RETURN: PART IV, LINE 17 PART IX, LINES 11E AND 11G SCHEDULE G, PART I
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	GUINEA-BISSAU: TOSTAN WORKED WITH 120 COMMUNITIES, WITH A TOTAL OF 8,464 PARTICIPANTS. MALI: TOSTAN WORKED WITH 40 COMMUNITIES, WITH A TOTAL OF 4,170 PARTICIPANTS. SENEGAL: TOSTAN WORKED WITH 125 COMMUNITIES, WITH A TOTAL OF 5,788 PARTICIPANTS. THE GAMBIA: TOSTAN WORKED WITH 60 COMMUNITIES, WITH A TOTAL OF 5,945 PARTICIPANTS. TOTAL NUMBER OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS IN THESE 4 COUNTRIES: 24,367. IN GUINEA, TOSTAN PARTNERED WITH 40 COMMUNITIES THROUGH POST-CEP PROGRAMMING. TOTAL NUMBER OF AFRICAN COMMUNITIES HOSTING TOSTAN'S CEP-RELATED PROGRAMS IN 2021: 407. ACROSS ALL CEP-RELATED PROGRAMS, 66% OF PARTICIPANTS WERE WOMEN AND GIRLS. DIRECT CEP PARTICIPANTS ENGAGED INDIRECT LEARNERS IN 1,498 COMMUNITIES (SEE ORGANIZED DIFFUSION, BELOW). TOSTAN ALSO WORKED WITH COMMUNITY PARTNERS TO CONDUCT A WIDE RANGE OF ADDITIONAL PROGRAMMING ACTIVITIES, REACHING MANY HUNDREDS MORE COMMUNITIES. PLEASE SEE BELOW FOR A SUMMARY OF TOSTAN'S MAIN PROGRAMMING EFFORTS ACROSS ALL PROGRAMS IN 2021. THE TOSTAN COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM (CEP): OUR UNIQUE THREE-YEAR PROGRAM EMPOWERS COMMUNITY MEMBERS IN FIVE WEST AFRICAN COUNTRIES WITH THE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE THEY NEED TO LEAD THEIR OWN DEVELOPMENT. THE CEP IS A NON-FORMAL EDUCATION PROGRAM, BASED ON HUMAN RIGHTS, AND IS IMPLEMENTED IN MORE THAN A DOZEN LOCAL LANGUAGES. IT COMBINES MODERN EDUCATION TECHNIQUES WITH TRADITIONAL AFRICAN ORAL TEACHING METHODS AND IS UNDERPINNED BY A RESPECTFUL APPROACH TO LOCAL BELIEFS AND CULTURE. IMPACT AREAS: OUR WORK USES A HOLISTIC APPROACH FOR COMMUNITY-LED DEVELOPMENT, AND OUR IMPACTS ARE FOUND ACROSS FIVE KEY AREAS: GOVERNANCE, EDUCATION, HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH. EACH RESULT AREA IS ELABORATED UPON BELOW: GOVERNANCE: CEP PARTICIPANTS LEARN ABOUT DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, LEADERSHIP, DECISION-MAKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING. EACH COMMUNITY DEMOCRATICALLY SELECTS 17 MEMBERS TO FORM A COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (CMC) AND RECEIVES TRAINING IN THE SKILLS NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT PROJECTS IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. THESE COMMITTEES CONSTITUTE A STRONG LEADERSHIP PRESENCE IN TOSTAN COMMUNITIES, CONTRIBUTING TO THE GROWTH OF GOOD GOVERNANCE AND DEMOCRACY. THEY WORK TO INCREASE DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION BY ENCOURAGING RESIDENTS TO REGISTER THEIR CHILDREN AT BIRTH, TO VOTE AND RUN FOR OFFICE AS WELL AS PARTICIPATE IN NATIONAL ELECTIONS. THE PARTICIPATION AND LEADERSHIP OF WOMEN IN CMCS IS HIGHLY ENCOURAGED, AND IN 2021, 100% OF CMCS IN GUINEA, GUINEA-BISSAU, MALI, GAMBIA AND SENEGAL HAD A MAJORITY OF FEMALE MEMBERS. AS OF DECEMBER 2021, THE RESPECTIVE PERCENTAGES OF FEMALE MEMBERS OF THE CMCS WERE AS FOLLOWS: 65% IN SENEGAL, 71% IN THE GAMBIA, 65% IN GUINEA BISSAU, 61% IN GUINEA AND 76% IN MALI. THESE WOMEN EMERGE AS COMMUNITY LEADERS, ACTIVISTS, AND ROLE MODELS, SHOWING YOUNG GIRLS AND BOYS ALIKE THAT WOMEN CAN SUCCEED IN LEADERSHIP ROLES AND WORK ALONGSIDE MEN AS EQUALS. EDUCATION: CMCS ORGANIZED DURING THE CEP LEAD INITIATIVES THAT ENSURE GIRLS AND BOYS ARE ENROLLED IN SCHOOL. WHEN A FAMILY IS CONSIDERING REMOVING THEIR CHILD FROM SCHOOL, CMC MEMBERS MEET WITH THEM TO DISCUSS OTHER POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS. CHILD/FORCED MARRIAGE IS ONE PRACTICE THAT IS A KEY FACTOR IN DETERMINING WHETHER A GIRL WILL STAY IN SCHOOL. FOLLOWING THEIR PARTICIPATION IN OUR HOLISTIC PROGRAM, HUNDREDS OF COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE COUNTRIES IN WHICH WE WORK PLEDGED TO ABANDON CHILD/FORCED MARRIAGE IN 2021, BRINGING THE TOTAL NUMBER TO 9,517. AS A RESULT, THOUSANDS OF GIRLS ARE LIKELY TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO STAY IN SCHOOL FOR LONGER, RATHER THAN BE MARRIED AT A YOUNG AGE. IN THE FINAL MODULE OF THE CEP, THE AAWDE, PARTICIPANTS LEARN TO READ AND WRITE IN THEIR LOCAL AND RECEIVE SMS TEXT MESSAGES THROUGH THE MOBILE PHONES FOR LITERACY AND DEVELOPMENT (MPLD) MODULE, DESCRIBED BELOW, ENCOURAGES PARTICIPANTS TO PRACTICE AND SHARE THEIR NEWLY ACQUIRED LITERACY SKILLS. IN 2021 TOSTAN CONTINUED SEEKING OPPORTUNITIES TO INVEST IN OUR REINFORCEMENT OF PARENTAL PRACTICES (RPP) MODULE WHICH BUILDS ON KNOWLEDGE GAINED DURING THE CEP TO ENABLE PARENTS AND COMMUNITIES TO CREATE AN ENVIRONMENT WHICH SUPPORTS CHILDREN'S EARLY DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING IN ORDER TO BETTER PREPARE THEM FOR SUCCESS IN SCHOOL AND LIFE (SEE ALSO EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT BELOW) HEALTH: DURING THE CEP, PARTICIPANTS LEARN ABOUT THEIR RIGHT TO HEALTH AND THE RIGHT TO BE FREE FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE, ABOUT HYGIENE AND HOW DISEASES ARE SPREAD AND PREVENTED. THEY ALSO DISCUSS THE HEALTH RISKS OF HARMFUL PRACTICES SUCH AS FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING (FGC) AND CHILD/FORCED MARRIAGE. THE CEP ENCOURAGES COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO SHARE THE KNOWLEDGE THEY GAIN ABOUT HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS WITH THEIR SOCIAL NETWORKS, AND COMMUNITIES OFTEN LAUNCH SPECIFIC INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE CHILD AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN THEIR VILLAGES. COMMUNITIES RAISE AWARENESS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF VACCINATIONS AS WELL AS TAKING ACTION TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY HYGIENE AND PREVENTING DISEASES SUCH AS MALARIA. ENVIRONMENT: OUR CEP EQUIPS COMMUNITY MEMBERS WITH THE KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS TO FIND CREATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. DURING THE CEP, PARTICIPANTS LEARN HOW DISEASES ARE TRANSMITTED AND HOW THIS IS LINKED TO UNHYGIENIC PRACTICES THAT CAN POLLUTE THE ENVIRONMENT. OUR RESPECTFUL AND NON-JUDGMENTAL APPROACH PROMOTES COMMUNITY DISCUSSION ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT. AS A RESULT, COMMUNITIES LEAD INITIATIVES TO MAKE THEIR ENVIRONMENTS MORE HYGIENIC IN ORDER TO PROTECT THE COMMUNITY'S HEALTH. COMMUNITIES ALSO USE THEIR PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS TO IMPLEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL INITIATIVES TO ADDRESS THEIR PARTICULAR NEEDS. ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE FINAL PHASE OF THE CEP, THE AAWDE, INCLUDES CLASS SESSIONS ON BASIC LITERACY, MATH, PROJECT MANAGEMENT, AND BUDGETING SKILLS THAT HELP PARTICIPANTS SUCCESSFULLY PLAN AND LAUNCH SMALL BUSINESSES IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. WE ALSO PROVIDE SMALL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS TO CMCS. THE CMCS OFTEN USE THESE GRANTS TO ESTABLISH A ROTATING MICROCREDIT FUND THAT HELPS COMMUNITY MEMBERS, PARTICULARLY WOMEN, WITH THE INVESTMENT THEY NEED TO START SMALL BUSINESSES, INVEST IN AGRICULTURE, OR TAKE ON OTHER INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES. THE CMC ALSO ENCOURAGES COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO SAVE AND PLAN FOR THE FUTURE. CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES: IN ADDITION, OUR WORK ADDRESSES CROSS-CUTTING THEMES IMPORTANT FOR COMMUNITY WELL-BEING. THESE ISSUES INCLUDE CHILD PROTECTION, THE REINFORCEMENT OF PARENTAL PRACTICES, THE EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN AND GIRLS, AND FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING (FGC). WE BELIEVE THAT THESE CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES REQUIRE HOLISTIC AND HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED SOLUTIONS, AND OUR PROGRAM AIMS TO STRENGTHEN POSITIVE SOCIAL NORMS WHILE ADDRESSING THOSE WHICH LEAD TO HARMFUL PRACTICES. FGC: THE HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED CEP ALLOWS COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO DRAW THEIR OWN CONCLUSIONS ABOUT FGC AND LEAD THEIR OWN MOVEMENTS FOR CHANGE. IN THE CEP CLASS SESSIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS, PARTICIPANTS LEARN ABOUT THEIR RIGHT TO HEALTH AND THE RIGHT TO BE FREE FROM ALL FORMS OF VIOLENCE. THEY ALSO DISCUSS THE RESPONSIBILITIES THEY SHARE TO PROTECT THESE RIGHTS IN THEIR COMMUNITY. IN SESSIONS ON HEALTH, THEY LEARN ABOUT THE POTENTIAL, IMMEDIATE, AND LONG-TERM HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES OF THE PRACTICE AND DISCUSS WAYS TO PREVENT THESE HEALTH PROBLEMS IN THE FUTURE. RATHER THAN BLAMING OR CRITICIZING, WE ENCOURAGE DIALOGUE AROUND THESE AND OTHER PRACTICES THAT COMMUNITIES FEEL HINDER THEIR VISION FOR THEIR COMMUNITY'S DEVELOPMENT. PARTICIPANTS AND COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (CMC) MEMBERS SPEAK WITH FRIENDS AND FAMILY AS WELL AS TRAVEL TO OTHER COMMUNITIES TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT WHAT THEY HAVE LEARNED. THROUGH THIS PROCESS, MANY COMMUNITIES DECIDE TO END FGC TOGETHER, SOME WITHOUT HAVING DIRECTLY PARTICIPATED IN OUR CLASSES. CHILD PROTECTION: THROUGH OUR CEP MODULE ON CHILD PROTECTION, CMCS ARE TRAINED TO ADDRESS THE DEEP SOCIAL NORMS AND PRACTICES THAT NEGATIVELY AFFECT CHILDREN. THE CHILD PROTECTION MODULE TRAINING IS FOR CMC MEMBERS IN COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE IMPLEMENTED THE CEP. THE MODULE HELPS BUILD CONSENSUS AROUND HUMAN RIGHTS AND CHILDREN'S RIGHTS WHILE BUILDING AWARENESS OF THE VARIOUS MORAL, SOCIAL, AND LEGAL NORMS THAT AFFECT CHILDREN. INSTEAD OF FOCUSING ON IMMEDIATE RELIEF, THE MODULE HELPS COMMUNITIES ADDRESS THE DEEP SOCIAL NORMS AND PRACTICES THAT ARE AT THE SOURCE OF THESE ISSUES AFFECTING CHILDREN. IT EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION AND INTRODUCES IDEAS FOR HOW COMMUNITIES CAN WORK TOGETHER TO PROTECT THEIR CHILDREN.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	THE CHILD PROTECTION MODULE STRENGTHENS THE CAPACITY OF COMMUNITIES TO PROVIDE PROTECTION FOR CHILDREN AND PREVENT VIOLATIONS OF CHILDREN'S RIGHTS BY REINFORCING THE CAPACITIES OF COMMUNITIES AND THEIR SURROUNDING VILLAGES TO IDENTIFY AT-RISK CHILDREN, REINFORCING THE CAPACITIES OF COMMUNITIES TO PREVENT THE TRAFFICKING OR MIGRATION OF CHILDREN TO URBAN CENTERS, REINFORCING THE CAPACITIES OF COMMUNITIES TO HELP CHILDREN IN DIFFICULT SITUATIONS SUCH AS SEXUAL ABUSE, INCEST, FORCED MARRIAGE AND FGC, AND FOSTERING THE CREATION OF DYNAMIC AND FUNCTIONAL COMMISSIONS FOR CHILD PROTECTION IN ALL COMMUNITIES. ALL COMMUNITIES WHO PARTICIPATE IN THE CEP, SPECIFICALLY THE CMCS, ARE TRAINED IN THE CHILD PROTECTION MODULE. AFTER THE TRAINING, CMCS ESTABLISH COMMISSIONS FOR CHILD PROTECTION (CCPS), WHICH LEAD THE COMMUNITY IN ADVOCATING FOR CHILDREN'S RIGHTS AND TRANSFORMING EXISTING SOCIAL NORMS THAT SUSTAIN HARMFUL PRACTICES. THOUSANDS OF CHILDREN HAVE BEEN REGISTERED AT BIRTH BY CMCS, IMPROVING THEIR ACCESS TO SCHOOL AND LEGAL RECOGNITION. IN ADDITION TO LEADING THESE COMMUNITY-WIDE PROJECTS, CMCS ALSO INTERVENE DIRECTLY IN CASES OF CHILD ABUSE. TOSTAN IS ALSO IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE INGO LA RENCONTRE AFRICAINE POUR LA DFENSE DES DROITS DE L'HOMME (RADDHO) AND ANTI-SLAVERY INTERNATIONAL FOR THE CHILD PROTECTION PROJECT, REINFORCING HIGHER-LEVEL ADVOCACY FOR KORANIC SCHOOL REFORM WITH GRASSROOTS SOCIAL MOBILIZATION WORK AROUND ENDING CHILD BEGGING. THANKS TO THE PROJECT, 102 KORANIC SCHOOLS WERE SUPPORTED BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021. THIS SUPPORT HAS ENABLED 6060 TALIBES OUT OF THE 7993 TALIBES MONITORED TO STOP BEGGING OR TO SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THEIR BEGGING TIME DURING THE PERIOD FROM JUNE 2016, THE BEGINNING OF THE PROJECT, TO MAY 2021, THE END OF THE PROJECT. KORANIC SCHOOLS HAVE IMPROVED THE LIVING CONDITIONS OF THEIR STUDENTS THANKS TO SUPPORT FROM THE PROJECT AND KORANIC SCHOOL TEACHERS PARTICIPATED IN MEETINGS EXCHANGING ON BEST PRACTICES TOWARDS THEIR STUDENTS. EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT: IN ORDER TO ADDRESS THIS ISSUE, TOSTAN DEVELOPED THE REINFORCEMENT OF PARENTAL PRACTICES (RPP) MODULE BEGINNING IN 2012. THE MODULE AIMS TO REINFORCE KNOWLEDGE GAINED IN THE CEP THAT ENCOURAGES PARENTS AND OTHER COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO CREATE AN ENVIRONMENT FOR CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT. AS A RESULT, THE MODULE WILL HELP IMPROVE CHILDREN'S EARLY DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING, ALLOWING THEM TO PERFORM BETTER AND STAY IN SCHOOL. RESEARCH HAS SHOWN THAT CERTAIN SOCIAL NORMS AND TRADITIONAL PRACTICES IN SENEGAL CAN HINDER THE BRAIN DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTS. FOR EXAMPLE, THE BELIEF THAT INFANTS MUST BE PROTECTED FROM DANGEROUS SPIRITS: TO PROTECT THEM CERTAIN PARENTS AVOID LOOKING NEWBORN BABIES IN THE EYE AND SPEAKING REGULARLY AND DIRECTLY TO THEM. HOWEVER, RECENT DISCOVERIES ABOUT BRAIN DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG CHILDREN HAVE SHOWN IMPORTANCE OF STIMULATING INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PARENTS AND THEIR CHILDREN. DURING THE RPP MODULE, FACILITATORS SHARE WITH COMMUNITY MEMBERS SIMPLE TECHNIQUES THAT ENRICH INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PARENTS AND THEIR YOUNG CHILDREN AND ARE ALL LINKED TO CHILDREN'S BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS TO EDUCATION AND HEALTH. THESE TECHNIQUES INCLUDE SPEAKING TO THEIR YOUNG CHILDREN USING A RICH AND COMPLEX VOCABULARY, ASKING THEIR CHILDREN QUESTIONS AND HELPING THEM RESPOND, PLAYFULLY COPYING THEIR CHILDREN, TELLING THEM STORIES, AND DESCRIBING OBJECTS IN DETAIL TO THEM. PRIMARY CAREGIVERS IN EACH COMMUNITY ARE TRAINED TO TEACH OTHERS THE SAME SKILLS AFTER TOSTAN LEAVES. SINCE TOSTAN FIRST PILOTED THE REINFORCEMENT OF PARENTAL PRACTICES MODULE IN 30 COMMUNITIES IN 2012, THE ORGANIZATION HAS GROWN THE PROGRAM TO REACH 430 COMMUNITIES IN SENEGAL. IN 2021, TOSTAN INITIATED PREPARATORY ACTIVITIES TO IMPLEMENT A NEW VERSION OF THE RPP IN 30 COMMUNITIES IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MEDINA YORO FOULAH. TOSTAN'S EXTENSIVE EXPERIENCE SUPPORTING POSITIVE SOCIAL NORMS ON PARENTAL PRACTICES WILL BE COMBINED WITH SCIENCE-BASED "TIPS" DEVELOPED BY TOSTAN PARTNER VROOM TO PROMOTE INFANT BRAIN DEVELOPMENT WHICH WILL BE ADAPTED AND SHARED WITH COMMUNITIES IN SENEGAL IN 2022. STRENGTHENING DEMOCRACY AND CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT: TOSTAN HAS CONTINUED TO DEVELOP PROGRAMMING AND OVERALL PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES FOCUSED ON DECENTRALIZED GOVERNANCE AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT WITH DECENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT SERVICES. IN 2021, TOSTAN CONTINUED IMPLEMENTATION OF A CURRICULUM, NOW CALLED STRENGTHENING DEMOCRACY AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT, TO SUPPORT IMPROVED DECENTRALIZED GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND RESOURCES THROUGH AN APPROACH THAT TRAINS COMMUNITIES AND LOCALLY ELECTED OFFICIALS ALIKE. TOSTAN HAS ALSO ADOPTED THE BROADER SDCE FRAMEWORK AS CENTRAL PART OF ITS STRATEGIC ENGAGEMENT PLAN AND STRATEGIC SCALING PLAN FOR 2019-2022. IN 2021, TOSTAN TRAINED A TOTAL OF 1,082 LOCAL OFFICIALS IN SENEGAL, GUINEA AND GUINEA BISSAU ON THE SDCE MODULE AND 667 CHILDREN IN SENEGAL AND GUINEA TO BECOME ACTIVE MEMBERS OF NEWLY FORMED MUNICIPAL CHILDREN'S COUNCILS. GOING FORWARD ALL DIRECT IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO CREATE COORDINATED SUPPORT FOR COMMUNITY WELL-BEING ACROSS DISTRICTS AND REGIONS. EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN AND GIRLS: WOMEN AND GIRLS MAKE UP MORE THAN HALF OF CEP PARTICIPANTS. DURING OUR PROGRAM, WOMEN DEVELOP LEADERSHIP SKILLS, ENGAGE IN DIALOGUE, AND DEMONSTRATE THEIR ABILITY TO MAKE IMPORTANT DECISIONS FOR THEMSELVES AND THEIR FAMILIES, SHOWING HOW IMPORTANT THEY ARE TO THEIR COMMUNITY'S DEVELOPMENT. TOSTAN ALSO WORKS TO ENGAGE MEN AND BOYS IN THE CEP, ENCOURAGING THEM TO PARTICIPATE IN DISCUSSIONS ABOUT HUMAN RIGHTS. MEN AND WOMEN WORK TOGETHER TO PROMOTE EQUALITY AND DEVELOP NEW SOCIAL NORMS AROUND RESPECTING THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND DIGNITY OF ALL. TOSTAN ENCOURAGES WOMEN TO TAKE ON LEADERSHIP ROLES IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES: AS PART OF THE CEP, EACH PARTICIPATING COMMUNITY DEMOCRATICALLY SELECTS A CMC TO COORDINATE DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES. EACH CMC HAS 17 MEMBERS, NINE OF WHOM MUST BE WOMEN. EACH COMMITTEE IS MADE UP OF SEVERAL COMMISSIONS, INCLUDING HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT, CHILD PROTECTION, EDUCATION, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, AND SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, WHICH CONTINUE TO LEAD DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES AND PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED DEVELOPMENT LONG AFTER THE PROGRAM HAS FINISHED. ORGANIZED DIFFUSION: THROUGH ORGANIZED DIFFUSION, THE IMPACT OF THE TOSTAN PROGRAM IS MULTIPLIED. EACH CLASS MEMBER COMMITS TO SHARING THEIR KNOWLEDGE WITH AT LEAST ONE PERSON WITHIN THEIR FAMILY AND WIDER COMMUNITY, PERMITTING NEW IDEAS TO BE SPREAD QUICKLY THROUGH THE COMMUNITY AND BEYOND. EACH PARTNER COMMUNITY ADOPTS ANOTHER COMMUNITY WITHIN THEIR SOCIAL NETWORK, OPENING DIALOGUE AND ALLOWING NEIGHBORING OR INTRAMARRYING COMMUNITIES TO MAKE DECISIONS AS ONE GROUP. OUR WORK OFTEN STRETCHES ACROSS COUNTRY BORDERS TO CREATE IMPACTS ON A REGIONAL SCALE, SUCH AS THE INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT TO ABANDON FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING (FGC) AND CHILD/FORCED MARRIAGE. TOSTAN ALSO TRAINS DEDICATED SOCIAL MOBILIZATION TEAMS THAT VISIT COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE NEVER PARTICIPATED IN THE COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM TO REINFORCE INFORMATION SHARED THROUGH ORGANIZED DIFFUSION ACTIVITIES ON FGC, HEALTH AND RELIGION, ALLOWING COMMUNITIES TO ASK QUESTIONS AND BEGIN TO EXPLORE THESE ISSUES IN GREATER DEPTH AND ACROSS AGE AND GENDER DIVISIONS. IN 2021 THESE SOCIAL MOBILIZATION TEAMS WORKING BOTH DURING AND AFTER THE CEP VISITED HUNDREDS OF COMMUNITIES AND REACHED THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS AND RELATED ACTIVITIES: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS ARE SMALL GRANTS, USUALLY BETWEEN $300 AND $1,000, PROVIDED TO CMCS TO HELP FUND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS AS WELL AS TO ESTABLISH CMC-RUN MICROCREDIT FUNDS. THE ROTATING MICROCREDIT FUNDS SET UP BY THE CMCS HELP VILLAGERS, PARTICULARLY WOMEN, OBTAIN THE INVESTMENT THEY NEED TO START SMALL BUSINESSES, INVEST IN AGRICULTURE, OR TAKE ON OTHER INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES. THE CMCS OPERATE THE MICROCREDIT FUND BASED ON A GROUP-LENDING, REVOLVING-FUNDS SYSTEM. THE CMC WORKS TOGETHER TO SET THE INTEREST RATE AND THE LENGTH OF THE LOANS THEY WILL GRANT. STRONG COMMUNITY TIES HELP ENCOURAGE A HIGH REPAYMENT RATE. THE INTEREST FROM THESE FUNDS IS THEN USED TO EXPAND THE NUMBER OF LOANS AVAILABLE, UNDERTAKE COMMUNITY PROJECTS, OR ESTABLISH A SOLIDARITY FUND FOR CHILDREN'S EDUCATIONAL EXPENSES AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL NEEDS. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS GIVE CMCS AND INDIVIDUAL COMMUNITY MEMBERS THE OPPORTUNITY TO PUT THE LITERACY, NUMERACY, AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT KNOWLEDGE THEY GAINED DURING THE CEP INTO PRACTICE. THESE GRANTS PROVIDE A WAY FOR COMMUNITY MEMBERS TO PARTICIPATE IN INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, ALLOWING THEM TO PROVIDE FOR THEIR FAMILIES AND SUSTAINABLY INVEST IN THEIR COMMUNITIES. IN 2021 TOSTAN SUPPORTED THESE GRANTS IN PARTNERSHIP WITH 60 COMMUNITIES IN THE GAMBIA, AND 205 IN SENEGAL. IN TOTAL 4211 PEOPLE ACCESSED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FUNDS TO SUPPORT THEIR INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	IN 2021 IN SENEGAL, IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 AND SUPPORTING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE, TOSTAN PARTNERED WITH MASTERCARD FOUNDATION TO PROVIDE THREE TYPES OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO COMMUNITIES: 2,120 MICROGRANTS PROVIDED TO HOUSEHOLDS, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GRANTS PROVIDED TO 121 COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES, AND ECONOMIC INNOVATION GRANTS PROVIDED TO 5 FEDERATIONS OF CMCS. MOBILE PHONE FOR LITERACY AND DEVELOPMENT (MPLD) MODULE: THE MODULE FOCUSES ON USING MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY, SPECIFICALLY SMS TEXT MESSAGING, AS A TOOL TO REINFORCE LITERACY AND NUMERACY SKILLS, AND IS NOW AN INTEGRATED PART OF THE CEP. MOBILE PHONES AND THEIR NETWORKS ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY MORE PREVALENT IN THE COMMUNITIES WITH WHICH WE PARTNER. WE FOUND THAT USING MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY IS A RELEVANT AND INNOVATIVE WAY TO REINFORCE LITERACY AND NUMERACY SKILLS LEARNED IN THE CEP. TOSTAN FACILITATORS TEACH PARTICIPANTS THE PRACTICAL USES OF STANDARD MOBILE PHONE FUNCTIONS AND HOW SMS TEXTING CAN BE USED AS A TOOL TO PRACTICE THEIR LITERACY SKILLS. THE MOBILE PHONES ARE USED TO REINFORCE LITERACY, ORGANIZATION, AND MANAGEMENT SKILLS, AS WELL AS TO BUILD CONSENSUS AROUND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES. SMS TEXTING BECOMES A SUSTAINABLE AND RELEVANT OPTION FOR REINFORCING LITERACY AND NUMERACY AS ACCESS TO MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY INCREASES. MOBILE PHONES AND SMS TEXT MESSAGING CAN BE USED AS A TOOL TO ACCELERATE POSITIVE SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION. THEY CONNECT WOMEN WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THEIR COMMUNITIES; AMPLIFY THE VOICE AND INFLUENCE OF YOUTH AND MARGINALIZED GROUPS IN A COMMUNITY'S DECISION-MAKING PROCESS; ORGANIZING ADVOCACY WORK; AND ACCELERATE LARGE-SCALE SOCIAL MOVEMENTS. ALL COMMUNITIES BENEFITING FROM THE CEP (SEE ABOVE) ARE BENEFITTING OR WILL BENEFIT FROM TOSTAN'S MPLD PROGRAMMING DURING THE 3-YEAR CEP PERIOD. THE PEACE AND SECURITY PROGRAM: THE PEACE AND SECURITY PROGRAM REINFORCES CONFLICT PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT SKILLS LEARNED DURING THE CEP THROUGH ADDITIONAL CLASSES OVER SIX MONTHS AND ESTABLISHES A COMMUNITY-LED STRUCTURE TO LEAD AND STRENGTHEN PEACE-BUILDING AND HUMAN SECURITY AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL. SKILLS LEARNED INCLUDE IMPROVED COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS AS WELL AS THE PEACEFUL RESOLUTION OF COMMUNITY AND FAMILIAL CONFLICTS. IN 2021 TOSTAN DID NOT IMPLEMENT THIS PROGRAM BUT CONTINUED TO PURSUE OPPORTUNITIES AND PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE FUTURE. THE PRISON PROJECT: AIMS TO HELP DETAINEES REINTEGRATE BACK INTO THEIR COMMUNITIES THROUGH PARTICIPATION IN A MODIFIED VERSION OF THE CEP. PARTICIPATION BUILDS THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND EQUIPS THEM WITH PRACTICAL SKILLS TO START INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES. WE ALSO FACILITATE FAMILY MEDITATIONS TO HELP INTEGRATE FORMER DETAINEES BACK INTO THEIR COMMUNITIES UPON RELEASE. AN INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT ADDRESSING PRISON CONDITIONS IN AFRICA ALLOWS PRISONS TO FORM PARTNERSHIPS WITH ORGANIZATIONS AND NGOS LIKE TOSTAN TO PROVIDE REHABILITATION SERVICES. THESE SERVICES ENCOURAGE SUCCESSFUL REINTEGRATION OF PRISONERS INTO SOCIETY UPON THEIR RELEASE. AS PART OF THE MODIFIED VERSION OF THE CEP WE IMPLEMENT IN PRISONS, FACILITATORS LEAD CLASS DISCUSSIONS ON TOPICS INCLUDING HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION, PROBLEM SOLVING, HYGIENE, HEALTH, AND LITERACY, AS WELL AS PROVIDE FAMILY MEDIATION AND SKILL TRAININGS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES. UPON RELEASE, PARTICIPANTS ALSO HAVE ACCESS TO START-UP FUNDS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SMALL BUSINESSES. THE REVENUE GENERATED FROM THE SKILLS TRAININGS AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE PRISONERS WHO ARE STILL IMPRISONED MAKE THESE FUNDS POSSIBLE. IN 2021 THE PRISON PROJECT (PP) WORKED IN NINE SENEGALESE PRISONS. IN 2021, 846 DETAINEES PARTICIPATED IN CEP SESSIONS ON DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES, PROBLEM SOLVING, HEALTH AND HYGIENE, AND PRACTICAL SKILLS IN LITERACY, NUMERACY, PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES. FOR A BETTER RESPECT OF HUMAN RIGHT OF DETAINEES, TOSTAN ORGANIZED SENSITIZATION SESSIONS FOR 153 PRISON GUARDS ON THE RIGHTS OF DETAINEES. SEVERAL INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE LIVING CONDITIONS WERE LED BY DETAINEES INCLUDING CELL CLEANING DAYS; SPORTS COMPETITIONS; COOKING; AND CLASSES TEACHING WOLOF, FRENCH AND ENGLISH AND THE INTERPRETATION OF RELIGIOUS TEXTS. TOSTAN STAFF FACILITATED A TOTAL OF 149 IN-PERSON MEDIATIONS AND 1588 TELEPHONE MEDIATIONS. 119 DETAINEES WERE TRAINED IN INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES SUCH AS POULTRY FARMING, FABRIC DYEING, SHOE AND BAG MAKING, MARKET GARDENING, AND FRUIT AND CEREAL PROCESSING. COVID-19: IN 2021 TOSTAN CONTINUED TO MAKE AVAILABLE ITS OPEN-SOURCE COVID-19 INFORMATIONAL MATERIALS FOR LOCAL COMMUNITIES. THESE VITAL RESOURCES HAVE BEEN ADAPTED INTO MORE THAN A DOZEN LANGUAGES FOR USE IN COUNTRIES ACROSS AFRICA AND AROUND THE WORLD. FISTULA: IN 2021 TOSTAN HAS RE-LAUNCHED ITS FISTULA PROGRAM TO PROMOTE FISTULA-FREE REGIONS FIRST IN SENEGAL, AND THEN IN THE GAMBIA AND GUINEA BISSAU. BUILDING ON TOSTAN'S EXPERIENCE FROM 2012 TO 2016, WHICH INTEGRATED CLASSES WITHIN THE CEP AND SUPPORTED OVER 100 WOMEN LIVING WITH FISTULA TO UNDERGO SURGERY, THIS NEW PROGRAM, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH OPERATION FISTULA WILL DEVELOP A HOLISTIC, REPLICABLE MODEL TO CREATE AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM THAT CAN SUPPORT IDENTIFICATION, TREATMENT, MONITORING, AND REHABILITATION OF FISTULA PATIENTS ON AN ONGOING BASIS. B. TRAINING AND REPLICATION TOSTAN HAS BUILT TRAINING PROGRAMS AND PARTNERSHIP MODELS DESIGNED TO SHARE THE ORGANIZATION'S CONTENT, APPROACH, METHODOLOGY AND STRATEGY WITH A RANGE OF POTENTIAL PARTNERS. EACH YEAR THE TOSTAN TRAINING CENTER (THE TTC WELCOMES INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS AND GRASSROOTS LEADERS FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD TO SENEGAL TO LEARN ABOUT TOSTAN'S MODEL. NGO LEADERS, HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS AND ACADEMICS, RELIGIOUS LEADERS AND OTHERS COME TOGETHER TO LEARN AND EXCHANGE ON TOSTAN'S PROGRAM CONTENT, HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH, PARTICIPATORY METHODOLOGY AND ORGANIZED DIFFUSION STRATEGY. PARTICIPANTS EXPLORE THE THEORIES AND PRACTICES OF HOLISTIC COMMUNITY-LED DEVELOPMENT, VISIT VILLAGES THAT HAVE ENDED FGC AND CHILD MARRIAGE AFTER PARTICIPATING IN THE COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM, AND DISCUSS EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR CHANGING DEEPLY ENTRENCHED SOCIAL NORMS WITH STAFF WORKING IN THE FIELD. THEY ALSO PARTICIPATE IN HUMAN RIGHTS SESSIONS DRAWN FROM THE TOSTAN PROGRAM AND COVER IMPORTANT LESSONS LEARNED FROM OVER 27 YEARS OF IMPLEMENTATION. IN 2021 216 PEOPLE FROM 15 COUNTRIES (ATTENDED TOSTAN TRAININGS. BY THE END OF 2021, TOSTAN TRAINING CENTER HAD REACHED A TOTAL OF 768 ALUMNI FROM 49 COUNTRIES AND ALSO CREATED NETWORKS WITHIN EACH TRAINING COHORT USING WHATSAPP GROUPS. TRAINING AND SHARING THROUGH PARTNERSHIPS IN NIGERIA. TOSTAN FIRST STARTED TRAINING PARTNERS IN NIGERIA IN 2015. THIS EXPANDED IN 2020 WITH TOSTAN PURSUING A WIDER PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY WITH A RANGE OF INTERNATIONAL, GOVERNMENT AND CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION (CSO) STAKEHOLDERS TO SUPPORT THE NIGERIA FOR WOMEN PROJECT (NFWP) AROUND COMMON GOALS OF DECREASING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS AND INCREASING GENDER EQUALITY IN NIGERIA. IN 2021, TOSTAN'S INTRODUCTORY AND ORIENTATION SEMINAR TRAINING WAS DELIVERED FOR A TOTAL OF 105 PARTICIPANTS FROM THE NFWP, INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT, AS WELL AS MEMBERS OF CSO PLATFORMS AND RELIGIOUS LEADER NETWORKS. THIS YEAR TOSTAN ALSO MADE PROGRESS TOWARDS DEVELOPING A THREE-WEEK ADVANCED TRAINING TO PILOT IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF 2022 WITH REPRESENTATIVES FROM NIGERIAN CSO PLATFORMS AND RELIGIOUS LEADER NETWORKS WORKING TO END VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN. A COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE TO PROVIDE MUTUAL SUPPORT AND EXCHANGE FOR TOSTAN ALUMNI WAS ESTABLISHED IN 2021 AND EXPECTED TO BE FULLY OPERATIONAL IN 2022. TRAINING AND REPLICATION MODELS: SINCE 2018 TOSTAN HAS UNDERTAKEN A SCALE MODELING PROCESS TO PROVIDE THE ORGANIZATION WITH CONCRETE TOOLS AND BEST PRACTICES FOR SCALING COMMUNITY WELLBEING. IN 2021 THIS STRATEGIC SCALE PLANNING EFFORT CONTINUED TO FOCUS ON THE ORGANIZATION'S TRAINING AND REPLICATION PATHWAY, WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION PAID TOWARD HOW THE ORGANIZATION MAY WORK WITH AFFILIATED ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FUTURE.
FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM SERVICE:	C. GLOBAL INFLUENCE AND RECOGNITION: TOSTAN IS INCREASINGLY SEEKING WAYS IN WHICH TO EXCHANGE WITH AND INFLUENCE THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY THAT SUPPORTS THE EMERGENCE OF COMMUNITY WELL-BEING. THROUGH PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL AND REGIONAL CONFERENCES AS WELL AS MEMBERSHIP IN NETWORKS OF THOUGHT-LEADERS AND PARTNERS, TOSTAN WAS ABLE TO POSITION ITSELF AS A LEADER IN THE GLOBAL CONVERSATION ON SYSTEMS CHANGE. IN 2021 TOSTAN HOSTED A RANGE OF WEBINARS WITH COMMUNITY MEMBERS, PARTNERS, AND GLOBAL THOUGHT LEADERS. THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS LEADERSHIP AND PROGRAMS HAVE BEEN FEATURED IN NEWS ARTICLES IN LEADING NEWS AGENCIES, REFERENCED IN ACADEMIC PUBLICATIONS. THE ORGANIZATION ALSO PARTICIPATED IN A WIDE RANGE OF CONFERENCES AT LOCAL AND GLOBAL LEVEL. THESE ARTICLES AND EVENTS ARE DOCUMENTED AND AVAILABLE VIA TOSTAN'S WEBSITE. 2021, 2022, AND BEYOND: FUTURE PERSPECTIVES. TOSTAN'S ANNUAL PLAN FOR 2022 INCLUDES CONTINUED PROGRAMMATIC INVESTMENTS IN ALL THREE OF THE PATHWAYS TOSTAN IS FOLLOWING IN ORDER TO SCALE COMMUNITY WELL-BEING: DIRECT IMPLEMENTATION, TRAINING AND REPLICATION, AND GLOBAL INFLUENCE. TOSTAN IS ALSO CONTINUING ITS EFFORTS TO FURTHER PREPARE THE ORGANIZATION FOR SCALE THROUGH STRENGTHENING ITS ORGANIZATION ACROSS ALL DIMENSIONS. AS TOSTAN'S STRATEGIC ENGAGEMENT PLAN FOR 2019-2022 WILL COME TO A CLOSE IN 2022, IN 2021 THE ORGANIZATION BEGAN SHAPING ITS NEXT STRATEGIC PERIOD, WHICH WILL POTENTIALLY EXTEND FROM 2023-2030. THIS NEXT STRATEGY IS SCHEDULED TO BE LAUNCHED IN FALL 2022.
FORM 990, PART I LINE 5 AND PART V, LINE 2A:	THE ORGANIZATION ALSO HAS ADDITIONAL STAFF OF 715 LOCATED IN AFRICA.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B	THE FORM 990 WAS PREPARED BY THE OUTSIDE ACCOUNTANTS. A DRAFT OF THE RETURN WAS REVIEWED BY SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND FINANCE COMMITTEE. THE FINAL FORM 990 WAS PROVIDED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS BEFORE FILING WITH THE IRS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C	ALL EMPLOYEES AND BOARD MEMBERS ARE ASKED TO ANNUALLY SUBMIT ANY CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN WRITING. NEW HIRES WILL BE ASKED IF THERE IS A CONFLICT AND NOTICE WILL BE GIVEN TO THE SENIOR MANAGEMENT IMMEDIATELY AND BOARD YEARLY. IF A CONFLICT ARISES, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS DETERMINE WHETHER THE CONFLICT EXISTS AND, IF SO, THE BOARD VOTES TO AUTHORIZE OR REJECT THE TRANSACTION OR TAKE ANY OTHER ACTION DEEMED NECESSARY TO ADDRESS THE CONFLICT AND PROTECT TOSTAN'S BEST INTERESTS. BOARD MEMBERS HAVE A DUTY TO DISCLOSE ANY POSSIBLE CONFLICT OF INTEREST. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS DETERMINES WHETHER A CONFLICT OF INTEREST EXISTS AND, IF SO THE BOARD VOTES TO AUTHORIZE OR REJECT THE TRANSACTION OR TAKE ANY OTHER ACTION DEEMED NECESSARY TO ADDRESS THE CONFLICT AND PROTECT TOSTAN'S BEST INTERESTS. VOTES WILL BE BY A MAJORITY VOTE, WITHOUT COUNTING THE VOTE OF ANY INTERESTED DIRECTOR, EVEN IF THE DISINTERESTED DIRECTORS ARE LESS THAN A QUORUM PROVIDED THAT AT LEAST ONE CONSENTING DIRECTOR IS DISINTERESTED. AN INTERESTED BOARD MEMBER, OFFICER, OR STAFF MEMBER WILL NOT PARTICIPATE IN ANY DISCUSSION OR DEBATE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, OR OF ANY COMMITTEE OR SUBCOMMITTEE IN WHICH THE SUBJECT OF DISCUSSION IS A CONTRACT, TRANSACTION, OR SITUATION IN WHICH THERE MAY BE A PERCEIVED OR ACTUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST. HOWEVER, THEY MAY BE PRESENT TO PROVIDE CLARIFYING INFORMATION IN SUCH A DISCUSSION OR DEBATE UNLESS OBJECTED TO BY ANY PRESENT BOARD OR COMMITTEE MEMBER. ANYONE IN A POSITION TO MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT SPENDING TOSTAN'S RESOURCES (I.E., TRANSACTIONS SUCH AS PURCHASES CONTRACTS) - WHO ALSO STANDS TO BENEFIT FROM THAT DECISION - HAS A DUTY TO DISCLOSE THAT CONFLICT AS SOON AS IT ARISES (OR BECOMES APPARENT); S/HE WILL NOT PARTICIPATE IN ANY FINAL DECISIONS.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15	THE BOARD COMMITTEE REVIEWS COMPARABLE SALARIES BEFORE MAKING ANY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SENIOR STAFF SALARIES. THE PROCESS IS DOCUMENTED. A REVIEW WAS LAST CONDUCTED IN JANUARY 2018. THE BOARD COMMITTEE ALSO REVIEWS COMPARABLE SALARIES BEFORE MAKING ANY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE KEY EMPLOYEES SALARIES. THE PROCESS IS DOCUMENTED. TOSTAN'S COMPENSATION POLICY IS TO PAY AT THE 25TH PERCENTILE OF THE MARKET FOR SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND TOWARDS THE 75TH PERCENTILE FOR AROUND 589 AFRICAN STAFF MEMBERS IN THE FIELD.
FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19	THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST.
FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 11G	PROFESSIONAL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 747,420. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 374,760. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 299,558. TOTAL EXPENSES 1,421,738.
FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9:	EXCHANGE RATE GAIN/LOSS -381,675.