SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES: Form 990, tax year 2022

View the entire original 990 at ProPublica ↗

Organization: SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES (EIN 95-2160097)
Tax period: 2022-07-01 to 2023-06-30
Filed: 2024-05-09
IRS object ID: 202441309349302309
Schema version: 2022v5.0
Source: Download XML · Original 990 at ProPublica

Every field in the e-filed return. Faint text is the IRS element name, for citing.

Return header
Form 990
Schedule A
Schedule B
Schedule C
Schedule D
Schedule F
Schedule G
Schedule J
Schedule L
Schedule M
Schedule O
Schedule R

Return header ReturnHeader

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return	2024-05-09T11:33:11+00:00	ReturnTs
Tax Period End	2023-06-30	TaxPeriodEndDt

Preparer Firm PreparerFirmGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Firm EIN	346565596	PreparerFirmEIN

Preparer Firm Name PreparerFirmName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	ERNST & YOUNG US LLP	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Preparer US Address PreparerUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	101 E WASHINGTON ST	AddressLine1Txt
City	PHOENIX	CityNm
State Abbreviation	AZ	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	85004	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Return Type	990	ReturnTypeCd
Tax Period Begin	2022-07-01	TaxPeriodBeginDt

Filer Filer

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
EIN	952160097	EIN

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	The Salk Institute for Biological Studies	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Control	SALK	BusinessNameControlTxt
Phone	8584534100	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	10010 N TORREY PINES ROAD	AddressLine1Txt
City	LA JOLLA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	920371002	ZIPCd

Business Officer BusinessOfficerGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person	KIMBERLY M CASTILLO	PersonNm
Person Title	CFO	PersonTitleTxt
Phone	8584534100	PhoneNum
Signature	2024-05-09	SignatureDt
Discuss With Paid Preparer	Yes (true)	DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd

Signing Officer SigningOfficerGrp

Person Full Name PersonFullName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Person First	KIMBERLY	PersonFirstNm
Person Last	CASTILLO	PersonLastNm

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
SSN	999009999	SSN

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
IRS Responsible Prty Info Curr	Yes (true)	IRSResponsiblePrtyInfoCurrInd

Preparer Person PreparerPersonGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Preparer Person	Steven T Rutti	PreparerPersonNm
PTIN	P00775456	PTIN
Phone	6023223000	PhoneNum
Preparation	2023-05-15	PreparationDt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Tax	2022	TaxYr
Build TS	2023-04-26 12:10:37Z	BuildTS

Form 990 IRS990

Principal Ofcr Business Name PrincipalOfcrBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	GERALD JOYCE	BusinessNameLine1Txt

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	10010 N TORREY PINES ROAD	AddressLine1Txt
City	LA JOLLA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	920371002	ZIPCd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Gross Receipts	$332,858,462	GrossReceiptsAmt
Group Return For Affiliates	false	GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd
Organization501c3	Yes (X)	Organization501c3Ind
Website Address	WWW.SALK.EDU	WebsiteAddressTxt
Type Of Organization Corp	Yes (X)	TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd
Formation	1960	FormationYr
Legal Domicile State	CA	LegalDomicileStateCd
Activity Or Mission	BASIC RESEARCH IN THE FOLLOWING: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS, NEUROSCIENCE, AND PLANT BIOLOGY.	ActivityOrMissionDesc
Voting Members Governing Body	31	VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt
Voting Members Independent	25	VotingMembersIndependentCnt
Total Employee	1144	TotalEmployeeCnt
Total Volunteers	26	TotalVolunteersCnt
Total Gross UBI	-$1,837,670	TotalGrossUBIAmt
Net Unrelated Bus Txbl Incm	$98,392	NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt
PY Contributions Grants	$138,719,997	PYContributionsGrantsAmt
CY Contributions Grants	$150,813,576	CYContributionsGrantsAmt
PY Program Service Revenue	$0	PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
CY Program Service Revenue	$0	CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt
PY Investment Income	$18,520,658	PYInvestmentIncomeAmt
CY Investment Income	$21,763,570	CYInvestmentIncomeAmt
PY Other Revenue	$5,093,785	PYOtherRevenueAmt
CY Other Revenue	$1,075,216	CYOtherRevenueAmt
PY Total Revenue	$162,334,440	PYTotalRevenueAmt
CY Total Revenue	$173,652,362	CYTotalRevenueAmt
PY Grants And Similar Paid	$0	PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
CY Grants And Similar Paid	$0	CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt
PY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
CY Benefits Paid To Members	$0	CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt
PY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$88,780,643	PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
CY Salaries Comp Emp Bnft Paid	$91,143,114	CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt
PY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$0	PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Prof Fndrsng Expns	$0	CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt
CY Total Fundraising Expense	$5,846,746	CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt
PY Other Expenses	$72,611,028	PYOtherExpensesAmt
CY Other Expenses	$76,263,720	CYOtherExpensesAmt
PY Total Expenses	$161,391,671	PYTotalExpensesAmt
CY Total Expenses	$167,406,834	CYTotalExpensesAmt
PY Revenues Less Expenses	$942,769	PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
CY Revenues Less Expenses	$6,245,528	CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt
Total Assets BOY	$759,827,038	TotalAssetsBOYAmt
Total Assets EOY	$805,255,578	TotalAssetsEOYAmt
Total Liabilities BOY	$144,378,095	TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt
Total Liabilities EOY	$172,966,503	TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances BOY	$615,448,943	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt
Net Assets Or Fund Balances EOY	$632,289,075	NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt
Mission	INVOLVED IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, THE OBJECTIVES OF WHICH ARE THE ADVANCEMENT AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE RELEVANT TO THE HEALTH AND WELLBEING OF HUMANKIND. THE OBJECTIVES ARE MET PRIMARILY THROUGH RESEARCH AND ADVANCED INSTRUCTION IN (A) BIOLOGY, (B) THE CAUSE, PREVENTION AND CURE OF DISEASES, AND (C) THE FACTORS AND CIRCUMSTANCES CONDUCIVE TO THE FULFILLMENT OF HUMANKIND'S BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL.	MissionDesc
Significant New Program Srvc	false	SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd
Significant Change	false	SignificantChangeInd
Expense	$138,470,686	ExpenseAmt
Grant	$0	GrantAmt
Revenue	$0	RevenueAmt
Desc	SEE SCHEDULE O	Desc
Total Program Service Expenses	$138,470,686	TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt
Described In Section501c3	Yes (true)	DescribedInSection501c3Ind
Schedule B Required	Yes (true)	ScheduleBRequiredInd
Political Campaign Acty	false	PoliticalCampaignActyInd
Lobbying Activities	Yes (true)	LobbyingActivitiesInd
Donor Advised Fund	false	DonorAdvisedFundInd
Conservation Easements	false	ConservationEasementsInd
Collections Of Art	false	CollectionsOfArtInd
Credit Counseling	false	CreditCounselingInd
Donor Rstr Or Quasi Endowments	Yes (true)	DonorRstrOrQuasiEndowmentsInd
Report Land Building Equipment	Yes (true)	ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd
Report Investments Other Sec	Yes (true)	ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd
Report Program Related Invst	false	ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd
Report Other Assets	false	ReportOtherAssetsInd
Report Other Liabilities	Yes (true)	ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd
Include FIN48 Footnote	Yes (true)	IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd
Independent Audit Fincl Stmt	Yes (true)	IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd
Consolidated Audit Fincl Stmt	false	ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd
School Operating	false	SchoolOperatingInd
Foreign Office	false	ForeignOfficeInd
Foreign Activities	Yes (true)	ForeignActivitiesInd
More Than5000 K To Org	false	MoreThan5000KToOrgInd
More Than5000 K To Individuals	false	MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd
Professional Fundraising	false	ProfessionalFundraisingInd
Fundraising Activities	Yes (true)	FundraisingActivitiesInd
Gaming Activities	false	GamingActivitiesInd
Operate Hospital	false	OperateHospitalInd
Grants To Organizations	false	GrantsToOrganizationsInd
Grants To Individuals	false	GrantsToIndividualsInd
Schedule J Required	Yes (true)	ScheduleJRequiredInd
Tax Exempt Bonds	false	TaxExemptBondsInd
Engaged In Excess Benefit Trans	false	EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd
PY Excess Benefit Trans	false	PYExcessBenefitTransInd
Loan Outstanding	Yes (true)	LoanOutstandingInd
Grant To Related Person	false	GrantToRelatedPersonInd
Business Rln With Org Mem	false	BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd
Business Rln With Fam Mem	false	BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd
Business Rln With35 Ctrl Ent	false	BusinessRlnWith35CtrlEntInd
Deductible Non Cash Contri	Yes (true)	DeductibleNonCashContriInd
Deductible Art Contribution	false	DeductibleArtContributionInd
Terminate Operations	false	TerminateOperationsInd
Partial Liquidation	false	PartialLiquidationInd
Disregarded Entity	false	DisregardedEntityInd
Related Entity	Yes (true)	RelatedEntityInd
Related Organization Ctrl Ent	Yes (true)	RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd
Transaction With Control Ent	false	TransactionWithControlEntInd
Trnsfr Exmpt Non Chrtbl Rltd Org	false	TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd
Activities Conducted Prtshp	false	ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd
Schedule O Required	Yes (true)	ScheduleORequiredInd
IRP Document	179	IRPDocumentCnt
IRP Document W2 G	0	IRPDocumentW2GCnt
Backup Wthld Compliance	Yes (true)	BackupWthldComplianceInd
Employee	1144	EmployeeCnt
Employment Tax Returns Filed	Yes (true)	EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd
Unrelated Bus Incm Over Limit	Yes (true)	UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd
Form990 T Filed	Yes (true)	Form990TFiledInd
Foreign Financial Account	false	ForeignFinancialAccountInd
Prohibited Tax Shelter Trans	false	ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd
Taxable Party Notification	false	TaxablePartyNotificationInd
Nondeductible Contributions	false	NondeductibleContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contributions	Yes (true)	QuidProQuoContributionsInd
Quid Pro Quo Contri Discl	Yes (true)	QuidProQuoContriDisclInd
Form8282 Property Disposed Of	false	Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd
Rcv Fnds To Pay Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	false	RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Pay Premiums Prsnl Bnft Cntrct	false	PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd
Indoor Tanning Services	false	IndoorTanningServicesInd
Subj To Tax Rmnrtn Ex Prcht Pymt	false	SubjToTaxRmnrtnExPrchtPymtInd
Subject To Excs Tax Net Invst Inc	false	SubjectToExcsTaxNetInvstIncInd
Info In Schedule O Part VI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd
Governing Body Voting Members	31	GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt
Independent Voting Member	25	IndependentVotingMemberCnt
Family Or Business Rln	false	FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd
Delegation Of Mgmt Duties	false	DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd
Change To Org Documents	false	ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd
Material Diversion Or Misuse	false	MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd
Members Or Stockholders	Yes (true)	MembersOrStockholdersInd
Election Of Board Members	Yes (true)	ElectionOfBoardMembersInd
Decisions Subject To Approva	Yes (true)	DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd
Minutes Of Governing Body	Yes (true)	MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd
Minutes Of Committees	Yes (true)	MinutesOfCommitteesInd
Officer Mailing Address	false	OfficerMailingAddressInd
Local Chapters	false	LocalChaptersInd
Form990 Provided To Gvrn Body	false	Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd
Conflict Of Interest Policy	Yes (true)	ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd
Annual Disclosure Covered Prsn	Yes (true)	AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd
Regular Monitoring Enfrc	Yes (true)	RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd
Whistleblower Policy	Yes (true)	WhistleblowerPolicyInd
Document Retention Policy	Yes (true)	DocumentRetentionPolicyInd
Compensation Process CEO	Yes (true)	CompensationProcessCEOInd
Compensation Process Other	Yes (true)	CompensationProcessOtherInd
Investment In Joint Venture	false	InvestmentInJointVentureInd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	CT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	GA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	HI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	IL	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	KY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	ME	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MD	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	MS	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NJ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NM	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NY	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	NC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OH	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OK	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	OR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	PA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AZ	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	RI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	SC	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	TN	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	UT	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	VA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	AR	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WA	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WV	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
States Where Copy Of Return Is Fld	WI	StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd
Own Website	Yes (X)	OwnWebsiteInd
Upon Request	Yes (X)	UponRequestInd

Books In Care Of Detail BooksInCareOfDetail

Business Name BusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	KIMBERLY CASTILLO	BusinessNameLine1Txt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Phone	8584534100	PhoneNum

US Address USAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	10010 N TORREY PINES ROAD	AddressLine1Txt
City	LA JOLLA	CityNm
State Abbreviation	CA	StateAbbreviationCd
ZIP	920371002	ZIPCd

Form990 Part VII Section A Form990PartVIISectionAGrp (42 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Average Hours Per WeekAverageHoursPerWeekRt	Individual Trustee Or DirectorIndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd	OfficerOfficerInd	Reportable Comp From OrgReportableCompFromOrgAmt	Reportable Comp From Rltd OrgReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt	Other CompensationOtherCompensationAmt	Highest Compensated EmployeeHighestCompensatedEmployeeInd
FRED GAGE PHD
PRESIDENT (OUTGOING APRIL 2023)/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$884,422	$0	$53,918
GERALD JOYCE MD PHD
PRESIDENT (INCOMING APRIL 2023)/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$451,511	$0	$51,587
MARNA C WHITTINGTON PHD
CHAIR	2.0	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
RICHARD A HEYMAN PHD
VICE CHAIR	2.0	Yes (X)	Yes (X)	$0	$0	$0
ALAN D GOLD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
BENJAMIN H LEWIS
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
CAROL GALLAHER PHARMD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
CORINNE MENTZELOPOULOS
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
DANIEL C LEWIS
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
DANIEL TIERNEY
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
DAVID DOLBY
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
DENNIS DRIVER
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
DONALD L COHN
TRUSTEE (OUTGOING AUGUST 2022)	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
EDWIN K HUNTER
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
ERIC SAGERMAN
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
FREDERICK J DOTZLER
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
FREDERIK PAULSEN PHD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
HAEYOUNG KONG TANG PHD
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
HOWARD H NEWMAN PHD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
IRVING WEISSMAN MD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
IRWIN M JACOBS SM SCD
CHAIR EMERITUS	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
JAY FLATLEY
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
LARRY E JENNINGS
TRUSTEE (OUTGOING AUGUST 2022)	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
LYN HUTTON
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MARK KNICKREHM
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MARKUS REINHARD
VICE CHAIR	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
MARTYN GOULDING PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)		$266,191	$0	$47,114
MARY JANE SALK
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
REUBEN SHAW PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)		$414,745	$0	$48,741
SANJAY K JHA PHD
TRUSTEE	0.5	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
TATYANA SHARPEE PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)		$255,675	$0	$41,957
TERRY ROSEN PHD
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
TIMOTHY M SCHOEN
TRUSTEE	2.0	Yes (X)		$0	$0	$0
WOLFGANG BUSCH PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	50.0	Yes (X)		$306,970	$0	$43,076
JULIA A MILLER JD
SECRETARY/GENERAL COUNSEL	50.0		Yes (X)	$391,828	$0	$56,235
KIM E WITMER
TREASURER/SVP FINANCE & ADMN	50.0		Yes (X)	$483,502	$0	$46,561
KIMBERLY CASTILLO
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER	50.0		Yes (X)	$311,772	$0	$51,400
DAVID LAWRENCE
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, HPI	50.0			$361,608	$0	$1,095	Yes (X)
EDWARD CALLAWAY PHD
PROFESSOR	50.0			$354,745	$0	$52,713	Yes (X)
MARTIN HETZER PHD
CSO (OUTGOING MARCH 2023)/PROFESSOR	50.0			$438,679	$0	$56,018	Yes (X)
RONALD EVANS PHD
PROFESSOR	50.0			$427,878	$0	$32,096	Yes (X)
SAMUEL PFAFF PHD
PROFESSOR	50.0			$366,432	$0	$55,964	Yes (X)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Reportable Comp From Org	$5,715,958	TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt
Tot Reportable Comp Rltd Org	$0	TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt
Total Other Compensation	$638,475	TotalOtherCompensationAmt
Indiv Rcvd Greater Than100 K	147	IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Former Ofcr Employees Listed	false	FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd
Total Comp Greater Than150 K	Yes (true)	TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd
Compensation From Other Srcs	false	CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd

Contractor Compensation ContractorCompensationGrp (5 entries)

Address Line1ContractorAddress/USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityContractorAddress/USAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationContractorAddress/USAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPContractorAddress/USAddress/ZIPCd	ServicesServicesDesc	CompensationCompensationAmt
EAST END ADVISORS LLC
610 FIFTH AVENUE SUITE 506	NEW YORK	NY	10020	INVESTMENT ADVISOR	$2,736,484
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO
9500 GILMAN DRIVE	LA JOLLA	CA	92093	TRNG PROGRAM/SUBCONT	$2,595,091
AO REED & CO
4777 RUFFIN STREET	SAN DIEGO	CA	92111	CONSTRUCTION SERVICE	$621,177
ISEC INCORPORATED
6000 GREENWOOD PLAZA BLVD 200	GREENWOOD VILLAGE	CO	80111	CONSTRUCTION SERVICE	$520,000
RUDOLPH & SLETTEN INC
7584 METROPOLITAN DR STE 100	SAN DIEGO	CA	92108	CONSTRUCTION SERVICE	$464,212

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Cntrct Rcvd Greater Than100 K	13	CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt
Federated Campaigns	$0	FederatedCampaignsAmt
Membership Dues	$0	MembershipDuesAmt
Fundraising	$1,034,108	FundraisingAmt
Related Organizations	$0	RelatedOrganizationsAmt
Government Grants	$75,856,260	GovernmentGrantsAmt
All Other Contributions	$73,923,208	AllOtherContributionsAmt
Noncash Contributions	$1,865,829	NoncashContributionsAmt
Total Contributions	$150,813,576	TotalContributionsAmt

Program Service Revenue ProgramServiceRevenueGrp (5 entries)

Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumnAmt	Related Or Exempt Func IncomeRelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt	Unrelated Business RevenueUnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt	ExclusionExclusionAmt
$0	$0	$0
$0	$0	$0
$0	$0	$0	$0
$0	$0	$0	$0
$0	$0	$0	$0

Total Oth Program Service Rev TotalOthProgramServiceRevGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$0	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$0	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Program Service Revenue	$0	TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt

Investment Income InvestmentIncomeGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$4,646,388	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	-$1,937,670	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$6,584,058	ExclusionAmt

Incm From Invest Bond Proceeds IncmFromInvestBondProceedsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$0	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$0	ExclusionAmt

Royalties Revenue RoyaltiesRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$2,075,128	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$2,075,128	ExclusionAmt

Rental Income Or Loss RentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Real	$0	RealAmt
Personal	$0	PersonalAmt

Net Rental Income Or Loss NetRentalIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$0	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$0	ExclusionAmt

Gross Amount Sales Assets GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$175,422,509	SecuritiesAmt

Less Cost Oth Basis Sales Expnss LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$158,305,327	SecuritiesAmt

Gain Or Loss GainOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Securities	$17,117,182	SecuritiesAmt
Other	$0	OtherAmt

Net Gain Or Loss Investments NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$17,117,182	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$17,117,182	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Fundraising Gross Income	$67,600	FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt
Contri Rpt Fundraising Event	$1,034,108	ContriRptFundraisingEventAmt
Fundraising Direct Expenses	$900,773	FundraisingDirectExpensesAmt

Net Incm From Fundraising Evt NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$833,173	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	-$833,173	ExclusionAmt

Net Income From Gaming NetIncomeFromGamingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$0	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$0	ExclusionAmt

Net Income Or Loss NetIncomeOrLossGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$0	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$0	ExclusionAmt

Other Revenue Misc OtherRevenueMiscGrp (3 entries)

DescDesc	BusinessBusinessCd	Total Revenue ColumnTotalRevenueColumnAmt	Related Or Exempt Func IncomeRelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt	Unrelated Business RevenueUnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt	ExclusionExclusionAmt
OIL ROYALTIES	900099	$1,781	$0	$0	$1,781
IMAGE USE FEE	900099	$100,000	$0	$100,000	$0
REVENUE SHARE-HOST VEHICLE CHARGING STAT	900099	$1,083	$0	$0	$1,083

Miscellaneous Revenue MiscellaneousRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	-$269,603	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	$0	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	-$269,603	ExclusionAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Revenue Total	-$166,739	OtherRevenueTotalAmt

Total Revenue TotalRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Revenue Column	$173,652,362	TotalRevenueColumnAmt
Related Or Exempt Func Income	$0	RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt
Unrelated Business Revenue	-$1,837,670	UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt
Exclusion	$24,676,456	ExclusionAmt

Grants To Domestic Orgs GrantsToDomesticOrgsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt

Grants To Domestic Individuals GrantsToDomesticIndividualsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt

Foreign Grants ForeignGrantsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt

Benefits To Members BenefitsToMembersGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt

Comp Current Ofcr Directors CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$3,901,445	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,737,484	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$2,008,286	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$155,675	FundraisingAmt

Comp Disqual Persons CompDisqualPersonsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$0	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Other Salaries And Wages OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$68,660,300	TotalAmt
Program Services	$57,969,040	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$7,382,225	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$3,309,035	FundraisingAmt

Pension Plan Contributions PensionPlanContributionsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$4,659,041	TotalAmt
Program Services	$3,827,992	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$591,775	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$239,274	FundraisingAmt

Other Employee Benefits OtherEmployeeBenefitsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$8,978,297	TotalAmt
Program Services	$7,378,128	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$1,140,594	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$459,575	FundraisingAmt

Payroll Taxes PayrollTaxesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$4,944,031	TotalAmt
Program Services	$4,062,148	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$627,973	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$253,910	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Management FeesForServicesManagementGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$245,788	TotalAmt
Program Services	$45,000	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$200,788	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Legal FeesForServicesLegalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,175,992	TotalAmt
Program Services	$731,698	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$444,294	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Accounting FeesForServicesAccountingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$246,005	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$246,005	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Lobbying FeesForServicesLobbyingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$3,070	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$3,070	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Prof Fundraising FeesForServicesProfFundraising

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Srvc Invst Mgmnt Fees FeesForSrvcInvstMgmntFeesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$2,613,145	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$2,613,145	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Fees For Services Other FeesForServicesOtherGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$15,698,854	TotalAmt
Program Services	$13,510,928	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$1,831,826	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$356,100	FundraisingAmt

Advertising AdvertisingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$25,388	TotalAmt
Program Services	$6,739	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$9,958	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$8,691	FundraisingAmt

Office Expenses OfficeExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$725,992	TotalAmt
Program Services	$209,809	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$474,323	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$41,860	FundraisingAmt

Information Technology InformationTechnologyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$3,780,312	TotalAmt
Program Services	$2,610,457	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$869,676	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$300,179	FundraisingAmt

Royalties RoyaltiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$0	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Occupancy OccupancyGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$10,289,896	TotalAmt
Program Services	$7,850,311	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$2,028,486	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$411,099	FundraisingAmt

Travel TravelGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,155,870	TotalAmt
Program Services	$998,825	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$103,481	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$53,564	FundraisingAmt

Pymt Travel Entrtnmnt Pub Ofcl PymtTravelEntrtnmntPubOfclGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$0	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Conferences Meetings ConferencesMeetingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$1,539,783	TotalAmt
Program Services	$1,094,142	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$326,874	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$118,767	FundraisingAmt

Interest InterestGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$304,349	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$304,349	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Payments To Affiliates PaymentsToAffiliatesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$0	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Depreciation Depletion DepreciationDepletionGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$11,692,449	TotalAmt
Program Services	$10,664,887	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$930,913	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$96,649	FundraisingAmt

Insurance InsuranceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$458,660	TotalAmt
Program Services	$0	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$458,660	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$0	FundraisingAmt

Other Expenses OtherExpensesGrp (4 entries)

DescDesc	TotalTotalAmt	Program ServicesProgramServicesAmt	Management And GeneralManagementAndGeneralAmt	FundraisingFundraisingAmt
SCIENTIFIC SUBCONTRACTS	$9,053,187	$9,053,187	$0	$0
RESEARCH SUPPLIES	$16,297,930	$16,297,930	$0	$0
REPAIRS & PARTS	$278,538	$258,630	$18,656	$1,252
UBI TAXES	$1,675	$0	$1,675	$0

All Other Expenses AllOtherExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$676,837	TotalAmt
Program Services	$163,351	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$472,370	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$41,116	FundraisingAmt

Total Functional Expenses TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$167,406,834	TotalAmt
Program Services	$138,470,686	ProgramServicesAmt
Management And General	$23,089,402	ManagementAndGeneralAmt
Fundraising	$5,846,746	FundraisingAmt

Cash Non Interest Bearing CashNonInterestBearingGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$11,250,882	BOYAmt
EOY	$8,278,560	EOYAmt

Savings And Temp Cash Invst SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$22,475,096	BOYAmt
EOY	$24,496,644	EOYAmt

Pledges And Grants Receivable PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$26,741,877	BOYAmt
EOY	$36,602,578	EOYAmt

Accounts Receivable AccountsReceivableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$718,748	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,159,918	EOYAmt

Receivables From Officers Etc ReceivablesFromOfficersEtcGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$1,160,629	BOYAmt
EOY	$409,357	EOYAmt

Rcvbl From Disqualified Prsn RcvblFromDisqualifiedPrsnGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Oth Notes Loans Receivable Net OthNotesLoansReceivableNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,325,002	BOYAmt
EOY	$2,276,567	EOYAmt

Inventories For Sale Or Use InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$15,836	BOYAmt
EOY	$23,735	EOYAmt

Prepaid Expenses Defrd Charges PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$2,279,897	BOYAmt
EOY	$1,339,293	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Land Bldg Equip Cost Or Other Bss	$292,972,954	LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt
Land Bldg Equip Accum Deprec	$218,232,880	LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt

Land Bldg Equip Basis Net LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$73,224,890	BOYAmt
EOY	$74,740,074	EOYAmt

Investments Pub Traded Sec InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$80,825,357	BOYAmt
EOY	$145,400,000	EOYAmt

Investments Other Securities InvestmentsOtherSecuritiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$529,022,668	BOYAmt
EOY	$495,706,221	EOYAmt

Investments Program Related InvestmentsProgramRelatedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt

Intangible Assets IntangibleAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Other Assets Total OtherAssetsTotalGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$9,786,156	BOYAmt
EOY	$14,822,631	EOYAmt

Total Assets TotalAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$759,827,038	BOYAmt
EOY	$805,255,578	EOYAmt

Accounts Payable Accr Expnss AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$42,759,193	BOYAmt
EOY	$41,913,073	EOYAmt

Grants Payable GrantsPayableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Deferred Revenue DeferredRevenueGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$29,265,728	BOYAmt
EOY	$25,958,026	EOYAmt

Tax Exempt Bond Liabilities TaxExemptBondLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Escrow Account Liability EscrowAccountLiabilityGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Loans From Officers Directors LoansFromOfficersDirectorsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Mortg Notes Pybl Scrd Invst Prop MortgNotesPyblScrdInvstPropGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$67,387,318	BOYAmt
EOY	$94,236,307	EOYAmt

Unsecured Notes Loans Payable UnsecuredNotesLoansPayableGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Other Liabilities OtherLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$4,965,856	BOYAmt
EOY	$10,859,097	EOYAmt

Total Liabilities TotalLiabilitiesGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$144,378,095	BOYAmt
EOY	$172,966,503	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Organization Follows FASB117	Yes (X)	OrganizationFollowsFASB117Ind

No Donor Restriction Net Assets NoDonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$113,937,864	BOYAmt
EOY	$112,765,719	EOYAmt

Donor Restriction Net Assets DonorRestrictionNetAssetsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$501,511,079	BOYAmt
EOY	$519,523,356	EOYAmt

Cap Stk Tr Prin Current Funds CapStkTrPrinCurrentFundsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Pd In Cap Srpls Land Bldg Eqp Fund PdInCapSrplsLandBldgEqpFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Rtn Earn Endowment Incm Oth Fnds RtnEarnEndowmentIncmOthFndsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$0	BOYAmt
EOY	$0	EOYAmt

Total Net Assets Fund Balance TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$615,448,943	BOYAmt
EOY	$632,289,075	EOYAmt

Tot Liab Net Assets Fund Balance TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
BOY	$759,827,038	BOYAmt
EOY	$805,255,578	EOYAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Info In Schedule O Part XI	Yes (X)	InfoInScheduleOPartXIInd
Reconcilation Revenue Expnss	$6,245,528	ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt
Net Unrlzd Gains Losses Invst	$9,915,168	NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt
Donated Services And Use Fclts	$0	DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt
Investment Expense	$0	InvestmentExpenseAmt
Prior Period Adjustments	$0	PriorPeriodAdjustmentsAmt
Other Changes In Net Assets	$679,436	OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt
Method Of Accounting Accrual	Yes (X)	MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd
Accountant Compile Or Review	false	AccountantCompileOrReviewInd
FS Audited	Yes (true)	FSAuditedInd

FS Audited Basis FSAuditedBasisGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Separate Basis Fincl Stmt	Yes (X)	SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Audit Committee	Yes (true)	AuditCommitteeInd
Federal Grant Audit Required	Yes (true)	FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd
Federal Grant Audit Performed	Yes (true)	FederalGrantAuditPerformedInd

Schedule A IRS990ScheduleA

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Public Organization170	Yes (X)	PublicOrganization170Ind

Gifts Grants Contri Rcvd170 GiftsGrantsContriRcvd170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$166,753,206	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$160,545,802	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$176,855,692	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$138,798,417	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$150,881,176	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$793,834,293	TotalAmt

Tax Rev Levied Orgnztnl Bnft170 TaxRevLeviedOrgnztnlBnft170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt

Govt Furn Srvc Fclts Vl170 GovtFurnSrvcFcltsVl170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt

Total Calendar Year170 TotalCalendarYear170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$166,753,206	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$160,545,802	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$176,855,692	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$138,798,417	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$150,881,176	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$793,834,293	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Substantial Contributors Tot	$12,425,761	SubstantialContributorsTotAmt
Public Support Total170	$781,408,532	PublicSupportTotal170Amt

Gross Investment Income170 GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$5,160,349	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$4,322,033	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$6,807,160	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$9,621,065	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$6,721,516	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$32,632,123	TotalAmt

Unrelated Business Net Incm170 UnrelatedBusinessNetIncm170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total	$0	TotalAmt

Other Income170 OtherIncome170Grp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Current Tax Year Minus4 Years	$5,125	CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus3 Years	$3,315	CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus2 Years	$1,945	CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt
Current Tax Year Minus1 Year	$4,857	CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt
Current Tax Year	$2,864	CurrentTaxYearAmt
Total	$18,106	TotalAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Support	$826,484,522	TotalSupportAmt
Gross Receipts Rltd Activities	$0	GrossReceiptsRltdActivitiesAmt
Public Support CY170	0.9455	PublicSupportCY170Pct
Public Support PY170	0.9437	PublicSupportPY170Pct
Thirty Thr Pct Suprt Tests CY170	Yes (X)	ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind

Form990 Schedule A Part VI Form990ScheduleAPartVIGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	Schedule A, Part II, Line 10 Other Income	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	DESCRIPTION - OIL ROYALTIES, COLUMN A - 1545.0, COLUMN B - 1093.0, COLUMN C - 993.0, COLUMN D - 2851.0, COLUMN E - 1781.0, COLUMN F - 8263.0; DESCRIPTION - REVENUE SHARING-HOST VEHICLE CHARGING STATION, COLUMN A - 1278.0, COLUMN B - 1228.0, COLUMN C - 952.0, COLUMN D - 2006.0, COLUMN E - 1083.0, COLUMN F - 6547.0; DESCRIPTION - NET GIFT SHOP SALES, COLUMN A - 2302.0, COLUMN B - 994.0, COLUMN C - 0.0, COLUMN D - 0.0, COLUMN E - 0.0, COLUMN F - 3296.0;	ExplanationTxt

Schedule B IRS990ScheduleB

Contributor Information ContributorInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Contributor	RESTRICTED	ContributorNum

Contributor Business Name ContributorBusinessName

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Business Name Line1	RESTRICTED	BusinessNameLine1

Contributor US Address ContributorUSAddress

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Address Line1	RESTRICTED	AddressLine1
Address Line2	RESTRICTED	AddressLine2
City	RESTRICTED	City
State	RESTRICTED	State
ZIP Code	RESTRICTED	ZIPCode

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Contributions	RESTRICTED	TotalContributionsAmt

Schedule C IRS990ScheduleC

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Volunteers	false	VolunteersInd
Paid Staff Or Management	false	PaidStaffOrManagementInd
Media Advertisements	false	MediaAdvertisementsInd
Mailings Members	false	MailingsMembersInd
Publications Or Broadcast	false	PublicationsOrBroadcastInd
Grants Other Organizations	false	GrantsOtherOrganizationsInd
Direct Contact Legislators	false	DirectContactLegislatorsInd
Rallies Demonstrations	false	RalliesDemonstrationsInd
Other Activities	Yes (true)	OtherActivitiesInd
Other Activities	$3,070	OtherActivitiesAmt
Total Lobbying Expenditures	$3,070	TotalLobbyingExpendituresAmt
Not Described Section501c3	false	NotDescribedSection501c3Ind

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	Schedule C, Part II-B, Line 1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE LOBBYING ACTIVITY	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	PAID MEMBERSHIP DUES TO RESEARCH AND BIOMEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS, A PORTION OF WHICH ARE CONSIDERED LOBBYING. ASSOCIATION OF INDEPENDENT RESEARCH INSTITUTES - $1,500, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH - $1,200, BIOCOM - $370.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule D IRS990ScheduleD

CY Endwmt Fund CYEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$345,211,760	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$4,585,120	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$17,999,745	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$16,695,002	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$351,101,623	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus1 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus1YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$375,050,161	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$1,603,261	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	-$15,394,543	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$16,047,119	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$345,211,760	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus2 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus2YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$299,166,085	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$14,926,831	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$74,973,285	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$14,016,040	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$375,050,161	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus3 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus3YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$286,834,762	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$6,580,341	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$17,530,495	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$11,779,513	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$299,166,085	EndYearBalanceAmt

CY Minus4 Yr Endwmt Fund CYMinus4YrEndwmtFundGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Beginning Year Balance	$240,056,992	BeginningYearBalanceAmt
Contributions	$42,422,494	ContributionsAmt
Investment Earnings Or Losses	$14,937,417	InvestmentEarningsOrLossesAmt
Other Expenditures	$10,582,141	OtherExpendituresAmt
End Year Balance	$286,834,762	EndYearBalanceAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Board Designated Balance EOY	0.0311	BoardDesignatedBalanceEOYPct
Prmnnt Endowment Balance EOY	0.728	PrmnntEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Term Endowment Balance EOY	0.2409	TermEndowmentBalanceEOYPct
Endowments Held Unrelated Org	false	EndowmentsHeldUnrelatedOrgInd
Endowments Held Related Org	false	EndowmentsHeldRelatedOrgInd

Land LandGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,153,930	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Book Value	$1,153,930	BookValueAmt

Buildings BuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$64,209,980	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$54,562,927	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$9,647,053	BookValueAmt

Leasehold Improvements LeaseholdImprovementsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$102,610,267	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$73,412,189	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$29,198,078	BookValueAmt

Equipment EquipmentGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$123,700,198	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$88,973,442	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$34,726,756	BookValueAmt

Other Land Buildings OtherLandBuildingsGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Other Cost Or Other Basis	$1,298,579	OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt
Depreciation	$1,284,322	DepreciationAmt
Book Value	$14,257	BookValueAmt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Land Buildings	$74,740,074	TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt

Other Securities OtherSecuritiesGrp (3 entries)

DescDesc	Book ValueBookValueAmt	Method ValuationMethodValuationCd
ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS	$466,747,759	F
STOCKS NOT-PUBLICLY TRADED <5%	$3,011	C
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP INTEREST	$28,955,451	F

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Book Value Securities	$495,706,221	TotalBookValueSecuritiesAmt
Federal Income Tax Liability	$5,143	FederalIncomeTaxLiabilityAmt

Other Liabilities Org OtherLiabilitiesOrgGrp (2 entries)

DescDesc	AmtAmt
DEFERRED RETIREE MEDICAL OBLIG	$4,174,113
LEASE LIABILITY	$6,679,841

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Liability	$10,859,097	TotalLiabilityAmt
Footnote Text	Yes (X)	FootnoteTextInd
Total Rev Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$178,205,447	TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Net Unrealized Gains Invst	$9,915,168	NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt
Other Revenue	-$3,705,857	OtherRevenueAmt
Revenue Not Reported	$6,209,311	RevenueNotReportedAmt
Revenue Subtotal	$171,996,136	RevenueSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld	$2,556,446	InvestmentExpensesNotIncldAmt
Other Revenues Not Included	-$900,220	OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt
Revenue Not Reported Fincl Stmt	$1,656,226	RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt
Total Revenue Per Form990	$173,652,362	TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt
Tot Expns Etc Audited Fincl Stmt	$165,750,610	TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt
Other Expenses Included	$900,773	OtherExpensesIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Reported	$900,773	ExpensesNotReportedAmt
Expenses Subtotal	$164,849,837	ExpensesSubtotalAmt
Investment Expenses Not Incld2	$2,556,446	InvestmentExpensesNotIncld2Amt
Other Expenses Not Included	$551	OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt
Expenses Not Rpt Fincl Stmt	$2,556,997	ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt
Total Expenses Per Form990	$167,406,834	TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (9 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
Schedule D, Part XI, Line 2(d)	INVESTMENT RETURN IN EXCESS OF AMOUNT DESIGNATED FOR CURRENT OPERATIONS UNDER SPENDING POLICY ($3,659,268), CHANGE IN VALUE OF DEFERRED GIFTS ($46,590), AND ROUNDING $1.
Schedule D, Part XI, Line 4(b)	FUNDRAISING EXPENSES ($900,773) AND ROUNDING $553
Schedule D, Part XII, Line 2(d)	FUNDRAISING EVENTS EXPENSE $900,773 AND ROUNDING $552
Schedule D, Part V, Line 4 Intended uses of endowment funds	ENDOWMENT INCOME INTENDED TO BE USED FOR AND TO SUPPORT RESEARCH, OPERATIONS, AND LECTURESHIP EXPENSES.
Schedule D, Part X, Line 2 FIN 48 (ASC 740) footnote	INCOME TAXES - THE INSTITUTE HAS NO UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS AS OF JUNE 30, 2023 AND 2022.
Schedule D, Part XI, Line 2(d) Other revenues in audited financial statements not in form 990	INVESTMENT RETURN IN EXCESS OF AMOUNT DESIGNATED FOR CURRENT OPERATIONS UNDER SPENDING POLICY - -3659268 CHANGE IN VALUE OF DEFERRED GIFTS - -46590 ROUNDING - 1
Schedule D, Part XI, Line 4(b) Other revenues in form 990 not in audited financial statements	FUNDRAISING EXPENSES - -900773 ROUNDING - 553
Schedule D, Part XII, Line 2(d) Other expenses in audited financial statements not in form 990	FUNDRAISING EXPENSES - 900773
Schedule D, Part XII, Line 4(b) Other expenses in form 990 not in audited financial statements	ROUNDING - 551

Schedule F IRS990ScheduleF

Account Activities Outside US AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp (11 entries)

RegionRegionTxt	Type Of Activities ConductedTypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt	Specific Services ProvidedSpecificServicesProvidedTxt	Region Total ExpendituresRegionTotalExpendituresAmt
Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland)	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$172,584
North America (Canada & Mexico only)	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$74,790
Central America and the Caribbean	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$5,937
East Asia and the Pacific	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$50,495
Middle East and North Africa	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$2,984
South America	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$9,101
Russia and Neighboring States	Program Services	SCIENTISTS TRAVEL TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES TO ATTEND CONFERENCES. WE DO NOT DEEM THESE ACTIVITIES TO CONSTITUTE WORKING IN THE REGION.	$1,133
Central America and the Caribbean	Investments		$210,145,003
Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland)	Investments		$23,265,027
Sub-Saharan Africa	Investments		$372,470
North America (Canada & Mexico only)	Investments		$1,215,756

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Subtotal Offices	0	SubtotalOfficesCnt
Subtotal Employees	0	SubtotalEmployeesCnt
Continuation Total Office	0	ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt
Continuation Total Employee	0	ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt
Total Office	0	TotalOfficeCnt
Total Employee	0	TotalEmployeeCnt
Subtotal Spent	$235,315,280	SubtotalSpentAmt
Continuation Spent	$0	ContinuationSpentAmt
Total Spent	$235,315,280	TotalSpentAmt
Transfer To Foreign Corp	Yes (true)	TransferToForeignCorpInd
Interest In Foreign Trust	false	InterestInForeignTrustInd
Foreign Corp Ownership	Yes (true)	ForeignCorpOwnershipInd
Passive Foreign Investmest Co	Yes (true)	PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd
Foreign Partnership	Yes (true)	ForeignPartnershipInd
Boycott Countries	false	BoycottCountriesInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	Schedule F, Part I, Line 3 Method used to account for expenditures on org's financial statements	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN-Accrual; EAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC-Accrual; EUROPE (INCLUDING ICELAND AND GREENLAND)-Accrual; MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA-Accrual; NORTH AMERICA (CANADA & MEXICO ONLY)-Accrual; RUSSIA AND NEIGHBORING STATES-Accrual; SOUTH AMERICA-Accrual; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA-Accrual	ExplanationTxt

Schedule G IRS990ScheduleG

Fundraising Event Information FundraisingEventInformationGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Event1	CONCERT	Event1Nm
Gross Receipts Event1	$1,101,708	GrossReceiptsEvent1Amt
Charitable Contri Event1	$1,034,108	CharitableContriEvent1Amt
Gross Revenue Event1	$67,600	GrossRevenueEvent1Amt
Food And Beverage Event1	$87,653	FoodAndBeverageEvent1Amt
Entertainment Event1	$412,589	EntertainmentEvent1Amt
Other Direct Expenses Event1	$400,531	OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt
Gross Revenue Event2	$0	GrossRevenueEvent2Amt
Other Events Total	0	OtherEventsTotalCnt
Gross Revenue Other Events	$0	GrossRevenueOtherEventsAmt
Gross Receipts Total	$1,101,708	GrossReceiptsTotalAmt
Charitable Contributions Tot	$1,034,108	CharitableContributionsTotAmt
Gross Revenue Total Events	$67,600	GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt
Food And Beverage Total Events	$87,653	FoodAndBeverageTotalEventsAmt
Entertainment Total Events	$412,589	EntertainmentTotalEventsAmt
Oth Direct Expnss Total Events	$400,531	OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt
Direct Expense Summary Events	$900,773	DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt
Net Income Summary	-$833,173	NetIncomeSummaryAmt

Schedule J IRS990ScheduleJ

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
First Class Or Charter Travel	Yes (X)	FirstClassOrCharterTravelInd
Written Policy Ref T And E Expnss	Yes (true)	WrittenPolicyRefTAndEExpnssInd
Substantiation Required	Yes (true)	SubstantiationRequiredInd
Compensation Committee	Yes (X)	CompensationCommitteeInd
Independent Consultant	Yes (X)	IndependentConsultantInd
Form990 Of Other Organizations	Yes (X)	Form990OfOtherOrganizationsInd
Compensation Survey	Yes (X)	CompensationSurveyInd
Board Or Committee Approval	Yes (X)	BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd
Severance Payment	false	SeverancePaymentInd
Supplemental Nonqual Rtr Plan	false	SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd
Equity Based Comp Arrngm	false	EquityBasedCompArrngmInd
Comp Based On Revenue Of Flng Org	false	CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd On Rev Related Orgs	false	CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Flng Org	false	CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd
Comp Bsd Net Earns Rltd Orgs	false	CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd
Any Non Fixed Payments	false	AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd
Initial Contract Exception	false	InitialContractExceptionInd

Rltd Org Officer Trst Key Empl RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp (14 entries)

TitleTitleTxt	Base Compensation Filing OrgBaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Compensation Based On Rltd OrgsCompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt	Bonus Filing OrganizationBonusFilingOrganizationAmount	Bonus Related OrganizationsBonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt	Other Compensation Filing OrgOtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Other Compensation Rltd OrgsOtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Deferred Compensation Flng OrgDeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt	Deferred Comp Rltd OrgsDeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Filing OrgNontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt	Nontaxable Benefits Rltd OrgsNontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt	Total Compensation Filing OrgTotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt	Total Compensation Rltd OrgsTotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Filing OrgCompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt	Comp Report Prior990 Rltd OrgsCompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt
FRED GAGE PHD
PRESIDENT (OUTGOING APRIL 2023)/PROFESSOR	$867,507	$0	$0	$0	$16,915	$0	$36,600	$0	$17,318	$0	$938,340	$0	$0	$0
GERALD JOYCE MD PHD
PRESIDENT (INCOMING APRIL 2023)/PROFESSOR	$441,224	$0	$0	$0	$10,287	$0	$36,600	$0	$14,987	$0	$503,098	$0	$0	$0
REUBEN SHAW PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	$250,741	$0	$0	$0	$164,004	$0	$36,600	$0	$12,141	$0	$463,486	$0	$0	$0
MARTYN GOULDING PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	$246,178	$0	$0	$0	$20,013	$0	$32,622	$0	$14,492	$0	$313,305	$0	$0	$0
TATYANA SHARPEE PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	$226,204	$0	$0	$0	$29,471	$0	$29,958	$0	$11,999	$0	$297,632	$0	$0	$0
WOLFGANG BUSCH PHD
TRUSTEE/PROFESSOR	$215,033	$0	$0	$0	$91,937	$0	$32,744	$0	$10,332	$0	$350,046	$0	$0	$0
KIM E WITMER
TREASURER/SVP FINANCE & ADMN	$466,254	$0	$0	$0	$17,248	$0	$36,600	$0	$9,961	$0	$530,063	$0	$0	$0
JULIA A MILLER JD
SECRETARY/GENERAL COUNSEL	$373,036	$0	$0	$0	$18,792	$0	$36,600	$0	$19,635	$0	$448,063	$0	$0	$0
KIMBERLY CASTILLO
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER	$302,168	$0	$0	$0	$9,604	$0	$36,600	$0	$14,800	$0	$363,172	$0	$0	$0
MARTIN HETZER PHD
CSO (OUTGOING MARCH 2023)/PROFESSOR	$404,256	$0	$0	$0	$34,423	$0	$36,600	$0	$19,418	$0	$494,697	$0	$0	$0
RONALD EVANS PHD
PROFESSOR	$392,063	$0	$0	$0	$35,815	$0	$30,500	$0	$1,596	$0	$459,974	$0	$0	$0
SAMUEL PFAFF PHD
PROFESSOR	$294,058	$0	$0	$0	$72,374	$0	$36,600	$0	$19,364	$0	$422,396	$0	$0	$0
DAVID LAWRENCE
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, HPI	$355,385	$0	$0	$0	$6,223	$0	$1,095	$0	$0	$0	$362,703	$0	$0	$0
EDWARD CALLAWAY PHD
PROFESSOR	$343,386	$0	$0	$0	$11,359	$0	$36,600	$0	$16,113	$0	$407,458	$0	$0	$0

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	Schedule J, Part I, Line 1a First-class or charter travel	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	FIRST-CLASS OR CHARTER TRAVEL: FRED GAGE, PRESIDENT/PROFESSOR - $22,315; GERALD JOYCE, PRESIDENT/PROFESSOR - $2,869; KIM WITMER, SVP-FINANCE & ADMINISTRATION - $858; MARTIN HETZER. CSO/PROFESSOR - $394. NOT TAXABLE - ACCOUNTABLE PLAN.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule L IRS990ScheduleL

Loans Btwn Org Interested Prsn LoansBtwnOrgInterestedPrsnGrp (3 entries)

Relationship With OrgRelationshipWithOrgTxt	Loan PurposeLoanPurposeTxt	Loan From OrganizationLoanFromOrganizationInd	Original PrincipalOriginalPrincipalAmt	Balance DueBalanceDueAmt	DefaultDefaultInd	Board Or Committee ApprovalBoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd	Written AgreementWrittenAgreementInd
REUBEN SHAW
PROFESSOR	HOME LOAN	Yes (X)	$700,000	$337,550	false	Yes (true)	Yes (true)
TATYANA SHARPEE
PROFESSOR	HOME LOAN	Yes (X)	$30,140	$30,140	false	Yes (true)	Yes (true)
WOLFGANG BUSCH
PROFESSOR	HOME LOAN	Yes (X)	$250,000	$41,667	false	Yes (true)	Yes (true)

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Total Balance Due	$409,357	TotalBalanceDueAmt

Schedule M IRS990ScheduleM

Securities Publicly Traded SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Non Cash Checkbox	Yes (X)	NonCashCheckboxInd
Contribution	118	ContributionCnt
Noncash Contributions Rpt F990	$1,865,829	NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt
Method Of Determining Revenues	Market value	MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form8283 Received	0	Form8283ReceivedCnt
Any Property That Must Be Held	false	AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd
Review Process Unusual NC Gifts	Yes (true)	ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd
Third Parties Used	false	ThirdPartiesUsedInd

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Form And Line Reference	Schedule M, Part I Explanations of reporting method for number of contributions	FormAndLineReferenceDesc
Explanation	Securities - Publicly traded - THE AMOUNT REPORTED REPRESENTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED.	ExplanationTxt

Schedule O IRS990ScheduleO

Supplemental Information Detail SupplementalInformationDetail (15 entries)

Form And Line ReferenceFormAndLineReferenceDesc	ExplanationExplanationTxt
Form 990, Part III, Line 4a continued1	IMAGING REVEALS HOW LARGE HIV PROTEIN FUNCTIONS TO FORM INFECTIOUS VIRUS - UNDERSTANDING HOW HIV REPLICATES WITHIN CELLS IS KEY FOR DEVELOPING NEW THERAPIES FOR THE NEARLY 40 MILLION PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV GLOBALLY. A TEAM OF SCIENTISTS FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE AND RUTGERS UNIVERSITY HAVE DETERMINED THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF HIV POL, A PROTEIN THAT PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN THE LATE STAGES OF HIV REPLICATION, OR THE PROCESS THROUGH WHICH THE VIRUS PROPAGATES ITSELF AND SPREADS THROUGH THE BODY. DETERMINING THE MOLECULE'S STRUCTURE HELPS ANSWER LONGSTANDING QUESTIONS ABOUT HOW THE PROTEIN BREAKS ITSELF APART TO ADVANCE THE REPLICATION PROCESS. THE DISCOVERY REVEALS A NEW VULNERABILITY IN THE VIRUS THAT COULD BE TARGETED WITH DRUGS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DMITRY LYUMKIS AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE ADVANCES ON JULY 6, 2022. THE BEST OFFENSE IS A GREAT DEFENSE FOR SOME CARNIVOROUS PLANTS - INSECT-EATING PLANTS HAVE FASCINATED BIOLOGISTS FOR MORE THAN A CENTURY, BUT HOW PLANTS EVOLVED THE ABILITY TO CAPTURE AND CONSUME LIVE PREY HAS LARGELY REMAINED A MYSTERY. NOW, SALK SCIENTISTS, ALONG WITH COLLABORATORS FROM WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS, HAVE INVESTIGATED THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF PLANT CARNIVORY AND FOUND EVIDENCE THAT IT EVOLVED FROM MECHANISMS PLANTS USE TO DEFEND THEMSELVES. THE RESEARCH DETAILS HOW CALCIUM MOLECULES MOVE DYNAMICALLY WITHIN CELLS IN THE LEAVES OF CARNIVOROUS PLANTS IN RESPONSE TO TOUCH FROM LIVE PREY. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JOANNE CHORY AND PUBLISHED IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ON JULY 11, 2022. HOW RNA PROCESSING GOES AWRY IN RARE IMMUNE DISEASE - RESEARCHERS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE AND KING ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KAUST) IN SAUDI ARABIA DISCOVERED A NEW UNDERLYING CAUSE OF WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME, A RARE GENETIC DISEASE THAT LEADS TO BLEEDING AND IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES IN BABIES. THEY FOUND THE GENETIC MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME DISRUPT RNA SPLICING WHICH, IN TURN, PREVENTS NUMEROUS IMMUNE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROTEINS FROM BEING MADE CORRECTLY. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JUAN CARLOS IZPISUA BELMONTE AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE COMMUNICATIONS ON JUNE 25, 2022. MAKING A MEMORY POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE - RESEARCHERS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE AND COLLEAGUES DISCOVERED THE MOLECULE IN THE BRAIN RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSOCIATING GOOD OR BAD FEELINGS WITH A MEMORY. THEIR DISCOVERY PAVES THE WAY FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF WHY SOME PEOPLE ARE MORE LIKELY TO RETAIN NEGATIVE EMOTIONS THAN POSITIVE ONES-AS CAN OCCUR WITH ANXIETY, DEPRESSION OR POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD). THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR KAY TYE AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE ON JULY 20, 2022. A SURPRISING LINK BETWEEN MITOCHONDRIAL DNA AND INCREASED ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK - MITOCHONDRIA ARE KNOWN AS CELLS' POWERHOUSES, BUT MOUNTING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THEY ALSO PLAY A ROLE IN INFLAMMATION. SCIENTISTS FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE AND UC SAN DIEGO EXAMINED HUMAN BLOOD CELLS AND DISCOVERED A SURPRISING LINK BETWEEN MITOCHONDRIA, INFLAMMATION AND DNMT3A AND TET2-TWO GENES THAT NORMALLY HELP REGULATE BLOOD CELL GROWTH BUT, WHEN MUTATED, ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF ARTERY-BLOCKING PLAQUE BUILDUP KNOWN AS ATHEROSCLEROSIS. THE FINDINGS COULD LEAD TO NEW THERAPEUTICS FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND OTHER INFLAMMATORY DISEASES. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR GERALD SHADEL AND PUBLISHED IN IMMUNITY ON AUGUST 2, 2022. DISCOVERY ADVANCES THE POTENTIAL OF GENE THERAPY TO RESTORE HEARING LOSS - RESEARCH FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE AND THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD MAY DRIVE THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW GENE THERAPIES TO REPAIR HEARING LOSS. IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, ROUGHLY 80 PERCENT OF DEAFNESS CASES THAT OCCUR BEFORE A CHILD LEARNS TO SPEAK ARE DUE TO GENETIC FACTORS. ONE OF THESE GENETIC COMPONENTS LEADS TO THE ABSENCE OF THE PROTEIN EPS8, WHICH COINCIDES WITH IMPROPER DEVELOPMENT OF SENSORY HAIR CELLS IN THE INNER EAR. THE TEAM'S FINDINGS SHOW THAT DELIVERY OF NORMAL EPS8 CAN RESCUE STEREOCILIA ELONGATION AND THE FUNCTION OF AUDITORY HAIR CELLS IN THE EARS OF MICE AFFECTED BY THE LOSS OF EPS8. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR URI MANOR AND PUBLISHED IN MOLECULAR THERAPY - METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT ON JULY 31, 2022. NEW TARGET IDENTIFIED FOR TREATMENT OF PREMATURE AGING DISEASE - SCIENTISTS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE AND KING ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (KAUST) IN SAUDI ARABIA DISCOVERED THAT A STRETCH OF DNA THAT HOPS AROUND THE HUMAN GENOME PLAYS A ROLE IN PREMATURE AGING DISORDERS. IN PEOPLE WITH EARLY AGING, OR PROGERIA, RNA ENCODED BY THIS MOBILE DNA BUILDS UP INSIDE CELLS. THE SCIENTISTS ALSO FOUND THAT BLOCKING THIS RNA REVERSES THE DISEASE IN MICE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JUAN CARLOS IZPISUA BELMONTE AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE ON AUGUST 10, 2022. HOW THE BRAIN GATHERS THREAT CUES AND TURNS THEM INTO FEAR - SCIENTISTS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE UNCOVERED A MOLECULAR PATHWAY THAT DISTILLS THREATENING SIGHTS, SOUNDS AND SMELLS INTO A SINGLE MESSAGE: BE AFRAID. A MOLECULE CALLED CGRP ENABLES NEURONS IN TWO SEPARATE AREAS OF THE BRAIN TO BUNDLE THREATENING SENSORY CUES INTO A UNIFIED SIGNAL, TAG IT AS NEGATIVE AND CONVEY IT TO THE AMYGDALA, WHICH TRANSLATES THE SIGNAL INTO FEAR. THE RESEARCH MAY LEAD TO NEW THERAPIES FOR FEAR-RELATED DISORDERS SUCH AS POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) OR HYPERSENSITIVITY DISORDERS SUCH AS AUTISM, MIGRAINES AND FIBROMYALGIA. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SUNG HAN AND PUBLISHED IN CELL REPORTS ON AUGUST 16, 2022. HOW LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE WORK TOGETHER TO AFFECT PLANT GROWTH - PLANTS LENGTHEN AND BEND TO SECURE ACCESS TO SUNLIGHT. DESPITE OBSERVING THIS PHENOMENON FOR CENTURIES, SCIENTISTS DO NOT FULLY UNDERSTAND IT. SALK SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT TWO PLANT FACTORS-THE PROTEIN PIF7 AND THE GROWTH HORMONE AUXIN-ARE THE TRIGGERS THAT ACCELERATE GROWTH WHEN PLANTS ARE SHADED BY CANOPY AND EXPOSED TO WARM TEMPERATURES AT THE SAME TIME. THE FINDINGS WILL HELP SCIENTISTS INCREASE CROP PRODUCTIVITY DESPITE RISING GLOBAL TEMPERATURES. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JOANNE CHORY AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE COMMUNICATIONS ON AUGUST 29, 2022. BEYOND NEURONS: HOW CELLS CALLED ASTROCYTES CONTRIBUTE TO BRAIN DISORDERS - MOST RESEARCH ON BRAIN DISEASES FOCUSES ON NEURONS, BUT STAR-SHAPED CELLS CALLED ASTROCYTES, ANOTHER ABUNDANT CELL IN THE HUMAN BRAIN, MAY BEAR THE BRUNT OF THE RESPONSIBILITY IN SOME NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS. SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS IDENTIFIED A MOLECULE PRODUCED BY ASTROCYTES THAT INTERFERES WITH NORMAL NEURON DEVELOPMENT IN RETT, FRAGILE X AND DOWN SYNDROMES, AND REPORT THAT BLOCKING THE MOLECULE REDUCES THE SIGNS OF DISEASE IN MICE BRAINS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR NICOLA ALLEN AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE NEUROSCIENCE ON AUGUST 30, 2022. AGGRESSION DE-ESCALATION GENE IDENTIFIED IN FRUIT FLIES - THE BRAIN MECHANISMS THAT CAUSE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR HAVE BEEN WELL STUDIED, BTU FAR LESS IS KNOWN ABOUT THE PROCESSES THAT TELL THE BODY WHEN IT'S TIME TO STOP FIGHTING. SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS IDENTIFIED A GENE AND A GROUP OF CELLS IN THE BRAIN THAT PLAY A CRITICAL ROLE IN SUPPRESSING AGGRESSION IN FRUIT FLIES. THE FINDINGS HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR DISORDERS SUCH AS PARKINSON'S DISEASE, WHICH CAN SOMETIMES CAUSE BEHAVIORAL CHANGES LIKE INCREASED AGGRESSION AND COMBATIVENESS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR KENTA ASAHINA AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE ADVANCES ON SEPTEMBER 7, 2022. TIME-RESTRICTED EATING IMPROVES HEALTH OF FIREFIGHTERS - FIREFIGHTER'S 24-HOUR SHIFTS ARE HARD ON THE BODY AND INCREASE THE RISK OF CARDIOMETABOLIC DISEASES, SUCH AS HEART DISEASE AND DIABETES, AS WELL AS CANCER. IN COLLABORATION WITH THE SAN DIEGO FIRE-RESCUE DEPARTMENT, SCIENTISTS FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE AND UC SAN DIEGO HEALTH CONDUCTED A CLINICAL TRIAL AND FOUND THAT TIME-RESTRICTED EATING IMPROVED MEASURES OF HEALTH AND WELLBEING IN FIREFIGHTERS. THE NEW FINDINGS MAY ALSO HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR SHIFT WORKERS, SUCH AS MILITARY PERSONNEL; HEALTH CARE, FOOD SERVICE, AND TRANSPORTATION PROFESSIONALS; TELECOMMUNICATIONS STAFF; AND NEW PARENTS, WHOSE SCHEDULES OFTEN MIMIC SHIFT WORK WHEN CARING FOR A NEW BABY. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR SATCHIDANANDA PANDA AND PUBLISHED IN CELL METABOLISM ON OCTOBER 4, 2022.
Form 990, Part III, Line 4a continued2	GROWING MOTOR NEURONS GUIDED BY "LOVE-HATE RELATIONSHIP" WITH BLOOD VESSELS - WHEN NEURONS INVOLVED IN MOVEMENT-CALLED MOTOR NEURONS-FORM, THEY MUST BUILD CONNECTIONS THAT REACH FROM THE BRAIN, BRAINSTEM, OR SPINAL CORD ALL THE WAY TO THE HEAD, ARMS, OR THE TIPS OF THE TOES. A COLLABORATIVE STUDY BETWEEN SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS AND COLLEAGUES AT THE SAN RAFFAELE SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTE IN ITALY SHOWED HOW BLOOD VESSEL GENES PLAY A CRITICAL ROLE IN MOTOR NEURON DEVELOPMENT BY TELLING BLOOD VESSELS TO GET OUT OF THE WAY. THE DISCOVERY HAS IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING DISEASES IN WHICH MOTOR NEURON CONNECTIONS ARE DESTROYED, SUCH AS AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS) OR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY (SMA). THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR SAMUEL PFAFF AND PUBLISHED IN NEURON ON OCTOBER 7, 2022. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MOLECULES DECLINE IN THE AGING BRAIN - AGING INVOLVES INFLAMMATION, STRESS, METABOLISM CHANGES, AND MORE. A TEAM OF SALK INSTITUTE AND UC SAN DIEGO SCIENTISTS REVEALED ANOTHER FACTOR IMPLICATED IN THE AGING PROCESS-A CLASS OF LIPIDS CALLED SGDGS (3-SULFOGALACTOSYL DIACYLGLYCEROLS) THAT DECLINE IN THE BRAIN WITH AGE AND MAY HAVE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS. THE RESEARCH HELPS UNRAVEL THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF BRAIN AGING, REVEALS NEW MECHANISMS UNDERLYING AGE-RELATED NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES, AND OFFERS FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR ALAN SAGHATELIAN AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY ON OCTOBER 20, 2022. DETERIORATING NEURONS ARE SOURCE OF BRAIN INFLAMMATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE - SCIENTISTS FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE FOUND THAT NEURONS FROM PEOPLE WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE SHOW DETERIORATION AND UNDERGO A LATE-LIFE STRESS PROCESS CALLED SENESCENCE. THESE NEURONS HAVE A LOSS OF FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY, IMPAIRED METABOLISM, AND INCREASED BRAIN INFLAMMATION. THE RESEARCHERS ALSO DISCOVERED THAT TARGETING THE DETERIORATING NEURONS WITH THERAPEUTICS COULD BE AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY FOR PREVENTING OR TREATING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR RUSTY GAGE AND PUBLISHED IN CELL STEM CELL ON DECEMBER 1, 2022. FLIPPING THE SWITCH: GENETIC CHANGES THAT TURN "ON" CANCER GENES - CANCER CAN BE CAUSED BY GENETIC MUTATIONS, YET THE IMPACT OF SPECIFIC TYPES SUCH AS STRUCTURAL VARIANTS THAT BREAK AND REJOIN DNA, CAN VARY WIDELY. RESEARCHERS FROM THE SALK INSTITUTE ZEROED IN ON SPECIFIC MECHANISMS THAT ACTIVATE ONCOGENES, SHOWING THAT THE ACTIVITY OF CANCER-ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS DEPENDS ON THE DISTANCE BETWEEN A PARTICULAR GENE AND THE SEQUENCES THAT REGULATE THE GENE, AS WELL AS ON THE LEVEL OF ACTIVITY OF THE REGULATORY SEQUENCES INVOLVED. THIS WORK ADVANCES THE ABILITY TO PREDICT AND INTERPRET WHICH GENETIC MUTATIONS FOUND IN CANCER GENOMES ARE CAUSING THE DISEASE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR JESSE DIXON AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE ON DECEMBER 7, 2022. NEW COMPOUND REVERSES GUT INFLAMMATION IN MICE - A DRUG DEVELOPED BY SALK INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS ACTS LIKE A MASTER RESET SWITCH IN THE INTESTINES. THE COMPOUND, CALLED FEXD, HAS PREVIOUSLY BEEN FOUND TO LOWER CHOLESTEROL, BURN FAT, AND WARD OFF COLORECTAL CANCER IN MICE. NOW, THE TEAM REPORTED THAT FEXD CAN ALSO PREVENT AND REVERSE INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION IN MOUSE MODELS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR RONALD EVANS AND PUBLISHED IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ON DECEMBER 12, 2022. THE BRAIN'S ABILITY TO PERCEIVE SPACE EXPANDS LIKE THE UNIVERSE - SALK SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT TIME SPENT EXPLORING AN ENVIRONMENT CAUSES NEURAL REPRESENTATIONS TO GROW IN SURPRISING WAYS. THEIR FINDINGS SHOW THAT NEURONS IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS ESSENTIAL FOR SPATIAL NAVIGATION, MEMORY, AND PLANNING REPRESENT SPACE IN A MANNER THAT CONFORMS TO A NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC GEOMETRY-A THREE-DIMENSIONAL EXPANSE THAT GROWS OUTWARD EXPONENTIALLY. IN OTHER WORDS, IT'S SHAPED LIKE THE INTERIOR OF AN EXPANDING HOURGLASS. THE RESEARCHERS ALSO FOUND THAT THE SIZE OF THAT SPACE GROWS WITH TIME SPENT IN A PLACE. THIS DISCOVERY PROVIDES VALUABLE METHODS FOR ANALYZING DATA ON NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS INVOLVING LEARNING AND MEMORY, SUCH AS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR TATYANA SHARPEE AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE NEUROSCIENCE ON DECEMBER 29, 2022. MICROPROTEIN INCREASES APPETITE IN MICE - OBESITY AND METABOLIC DISEASES, SUCH AS DIABETES, ARE EXTREMELY COMMON IN THE UNITED STATES. TINY PROTEINS CALLED MICROPROTEINS HAVE LONG BEEN OVERLOOKED IN RESEARCH, BUT NEW EVIDENCE DEMONSTRATES THAT THEY HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN METABOLISM. SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT BOTH BROWN AND WHITE FAT IS FILLED WITH THOUSANDS OF PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN MICROPROTEINS, AND SHOWED THAT ONE OF THESE MICROPROTEINS, CALLED GM8773, CAN INCREASE APPETITE IN MICE. THESE FINDINGS COULD LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A THERAPEUTIC TO HELP PEOPLE GAIN WEIGHT IN CERTAIN DISEASE SITUATIONS, SUCH AS DURING CHEMOTHERAPY FOR CANCER. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR ALAN SAGHATELIAN AND PUBLISHED IN CELL METABOLISM ON JANUARY 3, 2023. TIME-RESTRICTED EATING RESHAPES GENE EXPRESSION THROUGHOUT THE BODY - EXACTLY HOW TIME-RESTRICTED FEEDING AFFECTS THE BODY ON THE MOLECULAR LEVEL, AND HOW THOSE CHANGES INTERACT ACROSS MULTIPLE ORGAN SYSTEMS, HAS NOT BEEN WELL UNDERSTOOD. SCIENTISTS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE SHOWED HOW TIME-RESTRICTED EATING INFLUENCES GENE EXPRESSION IN MICE ACROSS MORE THAN 22 REGIONS OF THE BODY AND BRAIN. THE FINDINGS HAVE IMPLICATIONS FOR A WIDE RANGE OF HEALTH CONDITIONS WHERE TIME-RESTRICTED EATING HAS SHOWN POTENTIAL BENEFITS, INCLUDING DIABETES, HEART DISEASE, HYPERTENSION, AND CANCER. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR SATCHIDANANDA PANDA AND PUBLISHED IN CELL METABOLISM ON JANUARY 3, 2023. SUPPLEMENTATION WITH AMINO ACID SERINE EASES NEUROPATHY IN DIABETIC MICE - APPROXIMATELY HALF OF PEOPLE WITH TYPE 1 OR TYPE 2 DIABETES EXPERIENCE PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY-WEAKNESS, NUMBNESS, AND PAIN, PRIMARILY IN THE HANDS AND FEET. SALK INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS IDENTIFIED A NEW FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DIABETES-ASSOCIATED PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY: ALTERED AMINO ACID METABOLISM. THE TEAM FOUND THAT DIABETIC MICE WITH LOW LEVELS OF TWO RELATED AMINO ACIDS, SERINE AND GLYCINE, ARE AT HIGHER RISK FOR PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY. THEY WERE ALSO ABLE TO ALLEVIATE NEUROPATHY SYMPTOMS IN DIABETIC MICE BY SUPPLEMENTING THEIR DIETS WITH SERINE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR CHRISTIAN METALLO AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE ON JANUARY 25, 2023. TELOMERES, MITOCHONDRIA, AND INFLAMMATION WORK TOGETHER TO PREVENT CANCER - A TEAM OF SALK SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT WHEN TELOMERES, THE END CAPS OF OUR CHROMOSOMES, BECOME VERY SHORT, THEY COMMUNICATE WITH MITOCHONDRIA, THE CELL'S POWERHOUSES. THIS COMMUNICATION TRIGGERS A COMPLEX SET OF SIGNALING PATHWAYS AND INITIATES AN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE THAT DESTROYS CELLS THAT COULD OTHERWISE BECOME CANCEROUS. THE FINDINGS OPEN NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR PREVENTING AND TREATING CANCER AND OTHER HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES OF AGING. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSORS JAN KARLSEDER AND GERALD SHADEL AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE ON FEBRUARY 8, 2023. AI CHATBOT CHATGPT MIRRORS ITS USERS TO APPEAR INTELLIGENT - THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) LANGUAGE MODEL CHATGPT MAY HAVE MANY APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE AND BUSINESS, BUT HOW MUCH DO THESE TOOLS UNDERSTAND WHAT WE SAY TO THEM AND HOW DO THEY DECIDE WHAT TO SAY BACK? SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS EXPLORED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE HUMAN INTERVIEWER AND LANGUAGE MODELS TO UNCOVER WHY CHATBOTS RESPOND IN PARTICULAR WAYS, WHY THOSE RESPONSES VARY, AND HOW TO IMPROVE THEM IN THE FUTURE. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT LANGUAGE MODELS REFLECT THE INTELLIGENCE AND DIVERSITY OF THEIR INTERVIEWER. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR TERRENCE SEJNOWSKI AND PUBLISHED IN NEURAL COMPUTATION ON FEBRUARY 17, 2023. NEW COMBINATION OF DRUGS WORKS TOGETHER TO REDUCE LUNG TUMORS IN MICE - STANDARD CHEMOTHERAPY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY TREATMENTS ARE NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINST NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCERS (NSCLCS) THAT HAVE AN LKB1 GENETIC MUTATION. A NEW STUDY REVEALED FDA-APPROVED TRAMETINIB AND ENTINOSTAT (WHICH IS CURRENTLY IN CLINICAL TRIALS) CAN BE GIVEN IN TANDEM TO PRODUCE FEWER AND SMALLER TUMORS IN MICE WITH LKB1-MUTATED NSCLC. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR REUBEN SHAW AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE ADVANCES ON MARCH 17, 2023.
Form 990, Part III, Line 4a continued3	WEARABLE MICROSCOPES ADVANCE SPINAL CORD IMAGING IN MICE - WHILE THE SPINAL CORD IS KNOWN TO PLAY AN ESSENTIAL ROLE IN RELAYING PAIN SIGNALS, TECHNOLOGY HAS LIMITED SCIENTISTS' UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THIS PROCESS OCCURS ON A CELLULAR LEVEL. SALK SCIENTISTS CREATED WEARABLE MICROSCOPES TO ENABLE UNPRECEDENTED INSIGHT INTO THE SIGNALING PATTERNS THAT OCCUR WITHIN THE SPINAL CORDS OF MICE. THESE TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS WILL HELP RESEARCHERS BETTER UNDERSTAND THE NEURAL BASIS OF SENSATIONS AND MOVEMENT IN HEALTHY AND DISEASE CONTEXTS, SUCH AS CHRONIC PAIN, ITCH, AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS), OR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS). THE STUDIES WERE LED BY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AXEL NIMMERJAHN AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE COMMUNICATIONS ON MARCH 21, 2023, AND NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY ON MARCH 6, 2023. NOT ALL ITCHES ARE THE SAME, ACCORDING TO THE BRAIN - RESEARCH BY SALK INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS REVEALED A DEDICATED BRAIN PATHWAY THAT DRIVES THE MECHANICAL SENSATION OF ITCH (E.G., THE SENSATION OF A MOSQUITO CRAWLING ON YOUR ARM) AND IS DISTINCT FROM THE NEURAL PATHWAY THAT ENCODES THE CHEMICAL SENSATION OF ITCH (E.G., FROM THE MOSQUITO'S SALIVA AFTER A BITE). THEY FOUND THAT A SMALL POPULATION OF NEURONS RELAYS MECHANICAL ITCH INFORMATION FROM THE SPINAL CORD TO THE BRAIN AND ALSO IDENTIFIED THE NEUROPEPTIDE SIGNALS THAT REGULATE BOTH ITCH TYPES. THE FINDINGS OPEN NEW AVENUES FOR THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS FOR CHRONIC ITCH CONDITIONS, INCLUDING ATOPIC DERMATITIS AND PSORIASIS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR MARTYN GOULDING AND ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SUNG HAN, AND PUBLISHED IN NEURON ON APRIL 5, 2023. MITOCHONDRIA POWER-SUPPLY FAILURE MAY CAUSE AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT - RESEARCHERS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE FOUND THAT THE LOSS OF SYNAPSES BETWEEN NEURONS OCCURS WITH BOTH HEALTHY AND MEMORY-IMPAIRED AGING, BUT WHAT DIFFERS IS THE BREAKDOWN IN THE STANDARD CORRELATION BETWEEN THE SIZES OF SYNAPTIC BOUTONS AND THE MITOCHONDRIA INSIDE. THE FINDINGS HIGHLIGHT THIS VIOLATION OF THE ULTRASTRUCTURAL SIZE PRINCIPLE AND MITOCHONDRIA-RELATED FAILURES AS THE KEY TO AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, USHERING IN A NEW ERA FOR AGING RESEARCH. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JOHN REYNOLDS AND PUBLISHED IN FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE ON APRIL 12, 2023. CRACKING THE CASE OF MITOCHONDRIAL REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT IN METABOLIC STRESS - WHEN CELLULAR ENERGY LEVELS DIP, THE CELL RESPONSE TO THIS METABOLIC STRESS IS TO GET RID OF THE DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA AND CREATE NEW ONES-BUT HOW THIS OCCURS REMAINED UNCLEAR. SCIENTISTS AT THE SALK INSTITUTE FOUND THAT A PROTEIN CALLED FNIP1 IS THE CRITICAL LINK BETWEEN A CELL SENSING LOW ENERGY LEVELS AND ELIMINATING AND REPLACING DAMAGED MITOCHONDRIA. THIS FUNDAMENTAL DISCOVERY CAN HELP US UNDERSTAND HEALTHY AGING, CANCEROUS TUMORS, NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, AND MORE. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR REUBEN SHAW AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE ON APRIL 20, 2023. HOW AN AGGRESSION-PROMOTING BRAIN PEPTIDE WORKS IN FRUIT FLIES - SALK RESEARCHERS SHOWED HOW NEUROPEPTIDES RELEASED FROM A SMALL GROUP OF NEURONS CAN RESHAPE ACTIVITY PATTERNS IN MULTIPLE DOWNSTREAM BRAIN AREAS IN THE FLY AND IMPACT THE ANIMAL'S BEHAVIOR. THE FINDINGS ARE AN IMPORTANT STEP TO UNDERSTANDING HOW VARIABLE RESPONSES TO NEUROPEPTIDES CONTRIBUTE TO HUMAN CONDITIONS LIKE AUTISM-SPECTRUM DISORDER OR ATTENTION-DEFICIT DISORDERS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR KENTA ASAHINA AND PUBLISHED IN THE JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE ON MAY 10, 2023. A NEW MODEL OF STUDYING HUMAN BRAIN IMMUNE CELLS AND NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS - UNLIKE SOME HUMAN CELLS THAT CAN BE STUDIED OUTSIDE OF THE BODY OR IN NONHUMAN MODELS, HUMAN MICROGLIA ARE DIFFICULT TO STUDY WHEN REMOVED FROM THE HUMAN-BRAIN-LIKE ENVIRONMENT. TO OVERCOME THIS BARRIER, SALK SCIENTISTS DEVELOPED AN ORGANOID MODEL THAT ALLOWS RESEARCHERS TO STUDY HUMAN MICROGLIAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION FOR THE FIRST TIME IN LIVING HUMAN-DERIVED TISSUE. THE SCIENTISTS ALSO EXAMINED PATIENT-DERIVED MICROGLIA FROM CHILDREN WITH MACROCEPHALIC AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER, HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNE CELL AND BRAIN INTERACTIONS IN NEURODEGENERATIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASES. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR RUSTY GAGE AND PUBLISHED IN CELL ON MAY 11, 2023. SEEING THE INSIDES OF PLANTS IN 3D - SALK SCIENTISTS DEVELOPED A NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT CAN CAPTURE THE INTERNAL PLANT WORLD AT AN UNPRECEDENTED RESOLUTION, OPENING THE DOOR FOR UNDERSTANDING HOW PLANTS RESPOND TO A CHANGING CLIMATE. THE METHOD, CALLED PHYTOMAP, CAN CAPTURE ENTIRE PLANT TISSUES (LIKE THE WHOLE ROOT TIP), INSTEAD OF A SMALL SLICE, AND PROVIDES INSIGHT INTO THE COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN CELLS THAT IS DIFFICULT IN TWO DIMENSIONS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JOSEPH ECKER AND PUBLISHED IN NATURE PLANTS ON JUNE 12, 2023. MAPPING THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFECTION-FIGHTING IMMUNE CELLS - SPECIALIZED IMMUNE CELLS, CALLED CYTOTOXIC T CELLS, CAN DEVELOP INTO SHORT-LIVED EFFECTOR CELLS THAT KILL INFECTED OR CANCEROUS CELLS WITHIN OUR BODIES. A SMALL PORTION OF THOSE EFFECTOR CELLS REMAIN AFTER AN INFECTION AND BECOME LONGER-LIVED MEMORY CELLS. SALK SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT A PROTEIN COMPLEX CALLED CBAF CAN OPEN OR CLOSE GENETIC "DOORS" TO CONTROL WHETHER A T CELL BECOMES AN EFFECTOR OR A MEMORY CELL. THE FINDINGS ILLUMINATE HOW T CELLS FIGHT AND REMEMBER INFECTIONS AND PAVE THE WAY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE EFFECTIVE VACCINES AND CANCER THERAPEUTICS. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR SUSAN KAECH AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DIANA HARGREAVES, AND PUBLISHED IN IMMUNITY ON JUNE 13, 2023. ALL THE IMMUNITY, NONE OF THE SYMPTOMS - SALK SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED THAT, IN MICE, PAIRING DISEASE-CAUSING BACTERIA WITH SPECIFIC DIETARY INTERVENTIONS CREATES LONG-TERM IMMUNITY, REVEALING A NEW POTENTIAL VACCINATION STRATEGY FOR DIARRHEAL DISEASES LIKE E. COLI. THE STUDY WAS LED BY PROFESSOR JANELLE AYRES AND PUBLISHED IN SCIENCE ADVANCES ON JUNE 23, 2023.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 1a Delegate broad authority to a committee	THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL ADVISE AND AID THE OFFICERS OF THE CORPORATION IN ALL MATTERS CONCERNING ITS INTERESTS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ALL MATTERS RELATING TO COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS, AND SHALL POSSESS AND MAY EXERCISE, DURING THE INTERVALS BETWEEN THE MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, ALL THE POWERS AND AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE BUSINESS AND AFFAIRS OF THE CORPORATION, INCLUDING THE POWER TO AUTHORIZE THE CORPORATE SEAL TO BE AFFIXED TO ANY AND ALL DOCUMENTS WHICH MAY REQUIRE THE SAME TO BE AFFIXED THERETO, INSOFAR AS SUCH SEEMS TO THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CORPORATION, IN ALL CASES IN WHICH SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS SHALL NOT HAVE BEEN GIVEN BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, EXCEPT THAT THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE SHALL HAVE NO POWER TO ADOPT, AMEND, OR REPEAL THE BY-LAWS.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 6 Classes of members or stockholders	MEMBERSHIP OF THE CORPORATION CONSISTS OF THE PERSONS ELECTED TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND THREE MEMBERS FROM AMONG THE RESIDENT AND NON-RESIDENT FELLOWS AND PROFESSORS CHOSEN AND ELECTED ANNUALLY BY THE RESIDENT AND NON-RESIDENT FELLOWS AND PROFESSORS.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 7a Members or stockholders electing members of governing body	THE MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION ELECT THE TRUSTEES.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 7b Decisions requiring approval by members or stockholders	THE MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION MAY ALTER, AMEND, OR REPEAL THE BY-LAWS BY VOTE.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 11b Review of form 990 by governing body	THE FORM 990 IS PREPARED BY THE INSTITUTE, INTERNALLY REVIEWED BY THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER AND EXTERNALLY REVIEWED BY THE TAX DEPARTMENT OF A PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM. PRIOR TO ELECTRONIC FILING, A COPY OF THIS FORM 990 IS PROVIDED TO AND DISCUSSED IN THE EXECUTIVE SESSION OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c Conflict of interest policy	ANNUALLY, THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE STATEMENT IS SENT OUT FOR COMPLETION BY THE MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES, SENIOR MEMBERS OF ADMINISTRATION AND RESEARCHERS. THE DESIGNATED OFFICIAL FOR EACH GROUP REVIEWS THE COMPLETED FORMS AND BRINGS ANY POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST TO THE RESPECTIVE COMMITTEES FOR REVIEW. UPON DETERMINATION THAT A CONFLICT OF INTEREST EXISTS, THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS OR RESTRICTIONS MAY BE IMPOSED: A. MONITORING OF ACTIVITIES GENERATING THE CONFLICT BY ANOTHER MEMBER; B. DISQUALIFICATION FROM PARTICIPATION IN THE ACTIVITIES GIVING RISE TO THE CONFLICT; C. MODIFICATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES TO AVOID CONFLICTS; D. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OR DIVESTITURE OF SIGNIFICANT FINANCIAL INTERESTS; E. MODIFICATION OF THE RESEARCH PLAN OR REMOVAL OF THE AFFECTED RESEARCHER FROM THE RESEARCH; F. SEVERANCE OF RELATIONSHIP THAT CREATES ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS; G. TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 15a Process to establish compensation of top management official	A COMPREHENSIVE MARKET ASSESSMENT WAS COMPLETED IN APRIL 2023 BASED ON DATA FROM A SELECTED PEER GROUP AND HISTORICAL OVERALL MARKET DATA FOR SALK PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP ROLES. THIS REPORT WAS PROVIDED TO THE CHAIR AND CO-CHAIRS OF SALK'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND TO SALK'S CURRENT PRESIDENT AND PREVIOUS PRESIDENT. SALK'S PRESIDENT FOR THE PERIOD THROUGH APRIL 2023 DISCUSSED THE PERFORMANCE OF EACH VICE-PRESIDENT LEVEL EXECUTIVE AT A SPECIAL MEETING HELD ON JUNE 13, 2023, WITH THE CHAIR AND CO-CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SALK'S CURRENT PRESIDENT. AFTER DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDED CHANGES WERE APPROVED FOR VICE-PRESIDENT LEVEL INCUMBENTS ON SALK'S EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAM. NO CHANGES WERE RECOMMENDED FOR THE SALK PRESIDENT ROLE DUE TO THE LIMITED TENURE OF THE INCUMBENT. ALL COMPENSATION CHANGES WERE EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 2023.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 15b Process to establish compensation of other employees	A COMPREHENSIVE MARKET ASSESSMENT WAS COMPLETED IN APRIL 2023 BASED ON DATA FROM A SELECTED PEER GROUP AND HISTORICAL OVERALL MARKET DATA FOR SALK PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP ROLES. THIS REPORT WAS PROVIDED TO THE CHAIR AND CO-CHAIRS OF SALK'S BOARD OF TRUSTEES AND TO SALK'S CURRENT PRESIDENT AND PREVIOUS PRESIDENT. SALK'S PRESIDENT FOR THE PERIOD THROUGH APRIL 2023 DISCUSSED THE PERFORMANCE OF EACH VICE-PRESIDENT LEVEL EXECUTIVE AT A SPECIAL MEETING HELD ON JUNE 13, 2023, WITH THE CHAIR AND CO-CHAIR OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SALK'S CURRENT PRESIDENT. AFTER DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDED CHANGES WERE APPROVED FOR VICE-PRESIDENT LEVEL INCUMBENTS ON SALK'S EXECUTIVE LEADERSHIP TEAM. NO CHANGES WERE RECOMMENDED FOR THE SALK PRESIDENT ROLE DUE TO THE LIMITED TENURE OF THE INCUMBENT. ALL COMPENSATION CHANGES WERE EFFECTIVE JULY 1, 2023.
Form 990, Part VI, Line 19 Required documents available to the public	UPON REQUEST, THE OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER MAKES AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC THE INSTITUTE'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE ON THE SALK WEBSITE.
Form 990, Part VII, Section A DIRECTORS COMPENSATION	THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS WERE COMPENSATED FOR THE FOLLOWING SERVICES AND NOT PAID AS TRUSTEES: FRED GAGE, PH.D. - PRESIDENT/PROFESSOR; REUBEN SHAW, PH.D. - PROFESSOR; MARTYN GOULDING, PH.D. - PROFESSOR; TATYANA SHARPEE, PH.D. - PROFESSOR.
Form 990, Part VIII, Line 11d Other Miscellaneous Revenue	A/R RECHARGE ALLOWANCE - Total Revenue: -269603, Related or Exempt Function Revenue: , Unrelated Business Revenue: , Revenue Excluded from Tax Under Sections 512, 513, or 514: -269603;
Form 990, Part XI, Line 9 Other changes in net assets or fund balances	POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT CHANGES OTHER THAN NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST - 726028; CHANGE IN VALUE OF DEFERRED GIFTS - -46590; ROUNDING - -2;

Schedule R IRS990ScheduleR

Id Related Org Txbl Corp Tr IdRelatedOrgTxblCorpTrGrp (2 entries)

Address Line1USAddress/AddressLine1Txt	CityUSAddress/CityNm	State AbbreviationUSAddress/StateAbbreviationCd	ZIPUSAddress/ZIPCd	EINEIN	Primary ActivitiesPrimaryActivitiesTxt	Legal Domicile StateLegalDomicileStateCd	Business Name Line1DirectControllingEntityName/BusinessNameLine1Txt	Entity TypeEntityTypeTxt	Share Of Total IncomeShareOfTotalIncomeAmt	Share Of EOY AssetsShareOfEOYAssetsAmt	OwnershipOwnershipPct	Controlled OrganizationControlledOrganizationInd
SALK INSTITUTE COMMERCIAL SERVICES CORP
10010 N TORREY PINES ROAD	LA JOLLA	CA	920371002	232159172	MGMT SERVICES	PA	SALK INSTITUTE	C Corporation	$4	$41,138	1.0000	Yes (true)
CHARITABLE REMAINDER TRUSTS (5)
					SUPPORT	CA	NA	Trust

Field	Value	IRS element (for citing)
Receipt Of Int Annts Rnts Rylts	false	ReceiptOfIntAnntsRntsRyltsInd
Gift Grnt Or Cap Contri To Oth Org	false	GiftGrntOrCapContriToOthOrgInd
Gift Grnt Cap Contri From Oth Org	false	GiftGrntCapContriFromOthOrgInd
Loans Or Guarantees To Other Org	false	LoansOrGuaranteesToOtherOrgInd
Loans Or Guarantees From Oth Org	false	LoansOrGuaranteesFromOthOrgInd
Div Related Organization	false	DivRelatedOrganizationInd
Asset Sale To Other Org	false	AssetSaleToOtherOrgInd
Asset Purchase From Other Org	false	AssetPurchaseFromOtherOrgInd
Asset Exchange	false	AssetExchangeInd
Rental Of Facilities To Oth Org	false	RentalOfFacilitiesToOthOrgInd
Rental Of Fclts From Oth Org	false	RentalOfFcltsFromOthOrgInd
Perform Of Services For Oth Org	false	PerformOfServicesForOthOrgInd
Perform Of Services By Other Org	false	PerformOfServicesByOtherOrgInd
Sharing Of Facilities	Yes (true)	SharingOfFacilitiesInd
Paid Employees Sharing	Yes (true)	PaidEmployeesSharingInd
Reimbursement Paid To Other Org	false	ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrgInd
Reimbursement Paid By Other Org	Yes (true)	ReimbursementPaidByOtherOrgInd
Transfer To Other Org	false	TransferToOtherOrgInd
Transfer From Other Org	false	TransferFromOtherOrgInd