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        <NameOfContractor>
          <NameBusiness>
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        <AddressOfContractor>
          <AddressUS>
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        </AddressOfContractor>
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      <ContractorCompensation>
        <NameOfContractor>
          <NameBusiness>
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          <AddressUS>
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      <ContractorCompensation>
        <NameOfContractor>
          <NamePerson>SACHA STAWSKI</NamePerson>
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      <ContractorCompensation>
        <NameOfContractor>
          <NamePerson>CLAUDIA ROSETT</NamePerson>
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          <AddressUS>
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        </AddressOfContractor>
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      <ContractorCompensation>
        <NameOfContractor>
          <NamePerson>EMANUELE OTTOLENGHI</NamePerson>
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        <AddressOfContractor>
          <AddressForeign>
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            <Country>BE</Country>
            <PostalCode>1180</PostalCode>
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        </AddressOfContractor>
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      <ProgramServiceRevenue>
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      <ProgramServiceRevenue>
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        <UnrelatedBusinessRevenue>0</UnrelatedBusinessRevenue>
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      <CompCurrentOfficersDirectors>
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      <PensionPlanContributions>
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      <PayrollTaxes>
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      <FeesForServicesLegal>
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      <FeesForServicesAccounting>
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      <FeesForServicesProfFundraising>
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        <Fundraising>72000</Fundraising>
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      <Advertising>
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        <ProgramServices>12356</ProgramServices>
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      <InformationTechnology>
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      <Occupancy>
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        <ManagementAndGeneral>255765</ManagementAndGeneral>
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      <Travel>
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        <ManagementAndGeneral>50038</ManagementAndGeneral>
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      <ConferencesMeetings>
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        <Fundraising>9210</Fundraising>
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        <ManagementAndGeneral>57674</ManagementAndGeneral>
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        <ManagementAndGeneral>17477</ManagementAndGeneral>
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      <TotalFunctionalExpenses>
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      </TotalNetAssetsFundBalances>
      <TotalLiabNetAssetsFundBalances>
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      <LicensedStates>CT</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>DC</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>FL</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>IL</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>NJ</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>NY</LicensedStates>
      <LicensedStates>NC</LicensedStates>
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      <SeverancePayment>0</SeverancePayment>
      <SupplementalNonqualRetirePlan>0</SupplementalNonqualRetirePlan>
      <EquityBasedCompArrangement>0</EquityBasedCompArrangement>
      <CompBasedOnRevenueOfFilingOrg>0</CompBasedOnRevenueOfFilingOrg>
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      <CompBasedNetEarningsRelateOrgs>0</CompBasedNetEarningsRelateOrgs>
      <AnyNonFixedPayments>1</AnyNonFixedPayments>
      <InitialContractException>0</InitialContractException>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>MARK DUBOWITZ</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>209074</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>118</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>50000</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>9596</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
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        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>17445</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>7</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>286115</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>129</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>CLIFFORD MAY</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>316504</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>996</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>0</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>9570</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
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        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>19704</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>56</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>345778</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>1082</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>WILLIAM MCCARTHY</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>138858</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>642</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>40000</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>4185</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>15</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>1808</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>7</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>184851</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>664</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>REUEL MARC GERECTH</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>145000</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>0</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>34500</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>4500</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>1773</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>185773</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartII>
        <NamePerson>JONATHAN SCHANZER</NamePerson>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrg>152915</BaseCompensationFilingOrg>
        <CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>0</CompBasedOnRelatedOrgs>
        <BonusFilingOrg>30000</BonusFilingOrg>
        <BonusRelatedOrgs>0</BonusRelatedOrgs>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrg>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrg>
        <OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</OtherCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <DeferredCompFilingOrg>0</DeferredCompFilingOrg>
        <DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>0</DeferredCompRelatedOrgs>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>13933</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrg>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>0</NontaxableBenefitsRelatedOrgs>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrg>196848</TotalCompensationFilingOrg>
        <TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>0</TotalCompensationRelatedOrgs>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrg>
        <CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>0</CompReportPrior990RelatedOrgs>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartII>
      <Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
        <ReturnReference>PART I, LINE 7</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>ESTIMATED BONUSES ARE BUDGETED ANNUALLY BY MANAGEMENT FOR PLANNING PURPOSES. BONUSES ARE PAID TO STAFF BASED ON PERFORMANCE AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS. REGULAR EMPLOYEE BONUSES ARE APPROVED BY MANAGEMENT. BONUSES TO THE PRESIDENT AND EXEUCTIVE DIRECTOR ARE APPROVED BY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE.</Explanation>
      </Form990ScheduleJPartIII>
    </IRS990ScheduleJ>
    <IRS990ScheduleL documentId="RetDoc1042800001">
      <Form990ScheduleLPartIV>
        <NameOfInterestedPerson>
          <NameBusiness>
            <BusinessNameLine1>TULIP HILL ENTERPRISES</BusinessNameLine1>
          </NameBusiness>
        </NameOfInterestedPerson>
        <Relationship>RICHARD CARLSON VICE CHAIR AND BOARD/PRES (OWNER)</Relationship>
        <AmountOfTransaction>345500</AmountOfTransaction>
        <DescriptionOfTransaction>RADIO SHOW EXPENSES PAID BY TULIP HILL, REIMBURSED BY FDD, SUPPORTED BY GRANT FOR THE PROJECT.</DescriptionOfTransaction>
        <SharingOfRevenues>0</SharingOfRevenues>
      </Form990ScheduleLPartIV>
    </IRS990ScheduleL>
    <IRS990ScheduleO documentId="RetDoc1044400001">
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>NEW PROGRAM SERVICES</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART III, LINE 2</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>FDD CREATED A RAPID RESPONSE RESEARCH PROGRAM TO PROVIDE TIMELY RESEARCH ON ISSUES RELATED TO TERRORISM, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND SIMILAR SUBJECTS.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>CHANGES IN PROGRAM SERVICES</Identifier>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART III, LINE 3</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE PROGRAM ADVANCED DEMOCRACY TRAINING ENDED IN 2009.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 1</Identifier>
        <Explanation>SEVEN MEMBERS OF THE BOARD COMPRISE THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE EXERCISES AND DISCHARGES THE POWERS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS BETWEEN MEETINGS OF THE BOARD.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <Identifier>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11</Identifier>
        <Explanation>THE PRESIDENT, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, AND CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD REVIEWED THE 990 BEFORE SUBMITTING.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>FDD ASKS THOSE COVERED BY THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY TO COMPLETE A DISCLOSURE FORM ANNUALLY. IN THE CASE THAT THEY DO HAVE AN ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST, THEY ARE ASKED TO PROMPTLY DISCLOSE ALL PERTINENT FACTS TO PRESIDENT, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OR THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>FDD'S COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REVIEWS AND APPROVES SALARY AND BONUSES FOR THE PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR. DATA IS COLLECTED ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION FOR OTHER NON-PROFIT THINK TANKS THAT FOCUS ON FOREIGN POLICY, TERRORISM, AND RELATED ISSUES. THE DATA IS COLLECTED FROM GUIDESTAR. MINUTES ARE TAKEN OF THE MEETING. DECISIONS ARE ALSO CONFIRMED VIA EMAIL. COMPENSATION FOR KEY EMPLOYEES AND OFFICERS IS DETERMINED BY THE PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR. DATA IS COLLECTED ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION FOR OTHER NON-PROFIT THINK TANKS THAT FOCUS ON FOREIGN POLICY, TERRORISM, AND RELATED ISSUES. THE DATA IS COLLECTED FROM GUIDESTAR. SALARY AND BONUS DECISIONS REGARDING KEY EMPLOYEES AND OFFICERS ARE DOCUMENTED IN WRITING BY THE PRESIDENT OR THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND FORM 990 ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <ReturnReference>990, PART XII, LINE 1</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>THE MODIFIED CASH BASIS OF ACCOUNTING IS USED.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
      <GeneralExplanation>
        <ReturnReference>FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C:</ReturnReference>
        <Explanation>MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS SERVE AS THE AUDIT COMMITTEE WITH AUTHORITY TO OVERSEE THE AUDIT PROCESS AND THE SELECTION OF THE AUDITORS. THE PROCESS HAS NOT CHANGED FROM THE PRIOR YEAR.</Explanation>
      </GeneralExplanation>
    </IRS990ScheduleO>
    <IRS990ScheduleR documentId="RetDoc1043400001">
      <Form990ScheduleRPartII>
        <NameOfDisregardedEntity>
          <BusinessNameLine1>DEFEND DEMOCRACIES ACTION FUND</BusinessNameLine1>
        </NameOfDisregardedEntity>
        <AddressUS>
          <AddressLine1>1726 M STREET NW SUITE 700</AddressLine1>
          <City>WASHINGTON</City>
          <State>DC</State>
          <ZIPCode>20036</ZIPCode>
        </AddressUS>
        <EIN>261993005</EIN>
        <PrimaryActivities>EDUCATE, ENLIST, &amp; EMPOWER AMERICANS COMMITTED TO A STRONG AMERICA.</PrimaryActivities>
        <LegalDomicileState>DC</LegalDomicileState>
        <ExemptCodeSection>501(C)(4)</ExemptCodeSection>
        <PublicCharityStatus>N/A</PublicCharityStatus>
        <DirectControllingEntityNA>N/A</DirectControllingEntityNA>
        <ControlledOrg>1</ControlledOrg>
      </Form990ScheduleRPartII>
      <ReceiptOfIntAnnRentsRoyalties>0</ReceiptOfIntAnnRentsRoyalties>
      <GiftGrantOrCapContrToOtherOrg>0</GiftGrantOrCapContrToOtherOrg>
      <GiftGrantOrCapContrFrOtherOrg>0</GiftGrantOrCapContrFrOtherOrg>
      <LoansOrGuaranteesToOtherOrg>0</LoansOrGuaranteesToOtherOrg>
      <LoansOrGuaranteesFromOtherOrg>0</LoansOrGuaranteesFromOtherOrg>
      <SaleOfAssetsToOtherOrg>0</SaleOfAssetsToOtherOrg>
      <PurchaseOfAssetsFromOtherOrg>0</PurchaseOfAssetsFromOtherOrg>
      <ExchangeOfAssets>0</ExchangeOfAssets>
      <RentalOfFacilitiesToOtherOrgs>0</RentalOfFacilitiesToOtherOrgs>
      <RentalOfFacilitiesFrOtherOrgs>0</RentalOfFacilitiesFrOtherOrgs>
      <PerformOfServicesForOtherOrgs>0</PerformOfServicesForOtherOrgs>
      <PerformOfServicesByOtherOrgs>0</PerformOfServicesByOtherOrgs>
      <SharingOfFacilities>1</SharingOfFacilities>
      <SharingOfPaidEmployees>1</SharingOfPaidEmployees>
      <ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrg>0</ReimbursementPaidToOtherOrg>
      <ReimbursementPaidByOtherOrg>1</ReimbursementPaidByOtherOrg>
      <OtherTransferToOtherOrg>0</OtherTransferToOtherOrg>
      <OtherTransferFromOtherOrg>0</OtherTransferFromOtherOrg>
    </IRS990ScheduleR>
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