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      <MissionDescription>AT THE LA JOLLA INSTITUTE, OUR PURPOSE IS MAKING BREAKTHROUGH DISCOVERIES TOWARD NEW TREATMENTS OR CURES TO END THE SUFFERING WROUGHT BY THE HOST OF DISEASES RELATED TO IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTION. THESE RANGE FROM TYPE 1 DIABETES TO INFECTIOUS DISEASES TO CANCER.</MissionDescription>
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      <Description>THE LA JOLLA INSTITUTE IS A NONPROFIT BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEDICATED TO FIGHTING DISEASE THROUGH CUTTING-EDGE IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH. SPECIFICALLY, OUR RESEARCHERS FOCUS ON UNDERSTANDING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND CANCERS AND TO ADVANCING PROGRESS TOWARD THE PREVENTION, TREATMENT AND CURE OF NUMEROUS DISEASES RELATED TO IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTION. IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS AFFECT MILLIONS AND INCLUDE MANY OF SOCIETY'S MOST DEBILITATING ILLNESSES. (SEE SCHEDULE O FOR CONTINUATION) OUR RESEARCH FOCUSES ON FIVE MAJOR DISEASE AREAS: 1. AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES SUCH AS TYPE 1 DIABETES AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 2. CANCER AND STIMULATING ANTI-TUMOR RESPONSES 3. INFECTIOUS DISEASES SUCH AS TUBERCULOSIS, FLU AND DENGUE VIRUS 4. ALLERGY AND ASTHMA AND CONTROLLING HARMFUL IMMUNE REACTIONS 5. VASCULAR IMMUNOLOGY INCLUDING HEART DISEASE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES.REGARDED AS A LEADING IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR ALLERGY &amp; IMMUNOLOGY (LIAI) BRINGS TO BEAR A COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH EFFORT TO UNDERSTAND THE DIVERSE ASPECTS OF IMMUNE-MEDIATED DISEASES AND TO ADVANCE PROGRESS TOWARD THEIR PREVENTION, TREATMENT AND CURE. IMMUNE SYSTEM DISORDERS AFFECT MILLIONS AND INCLUDE MANY OF SOCIETY'S MOST DEBILITATING ILLNESSES. THESE RANGE FROM CHRONIC, SEVERE AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS SUCH AS RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, TYPE 1 DIABETES, MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND CROHN'S DISEASE TO IMMUNE SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS UNDERLYING HEART DISEASE AND CANCER, THE NATION'S NO. 1 AND NO. 2 KILLERS RESPECTIVELY. ITS RESEARCHERS ALSO EXPLORE HOW THE IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONDS TO INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND IS USING THIS KNOWLEDGE TO ADVANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW VACCINES. A NONPROFIT, THE INSTITUTE WAS FOUNDED IN 1988 AND IS HOME TO 22 INDEPENDENT LABORATORIES, EACH OPERATED BY A LEADING SCIENTIST WHO OVERSEES RESEARCH EFFORTS TO ANALYZE IMMUNE SYSTEM FUNCTIONING. SUPPORTING THESE EFFORTS ARE THE INSTITUTE'S MORE THAN 300 EMPLOYEES -- NEARLY HALF OF WHOM HOLD DOCTORAL DEGREES (PH.D. OR M.D.) FROM NUMEROUS COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. ALTHOUGH RELATIVELY YOUNG, THE INSTITUTE HAS ACCOMPLISHED MUCH IN ITS SHORT HISTORY, AND WAS RECENTLY RANKED AMONG TOP FIVE ORGANIZATIONS FOR RESEARCH IMPACT IN IMMUNOLOGY WORLDWIDE (AS MEASURED BY CITATIONS PER PUBLICATION) BY THE RATING AGENCY THOMSON REUTERS. IN ADDITION, THREE OF ITS SCIENTISTS ARE AMONG THE MOST HIGHLY CITED IMMUNOLOGISTS IN THE WORLD -- A DISTINCTION HELD BY LESS THAN ONE HALF OF ONE PERCENT OF ALL PUBLISHING SCIENTIFIC AUTHORS. SEVERAL OF ITS FACULTY MEMBERS ALSO SERVE ON NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH) GRANT REVIEW PANELS, APPOINTMENTS THAT SIGNAL A HIGH DEGREE OF RESPECT FROM PEERS. ITS SCIENTISTS ALSO REGULARLY PUBLISH RESEARCH PAPERS DESCRIBING THEIR LATEST FINDINGS, MANY OF THESE APPEARING IN THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS.THE INSTITUTE RECEIVES THE MAJORITY OF ITS FUNDING THROUGH COMPETITIVE RESEARCH GRANTS FROM THE NIH AND IS GROWING ITS PHILANTHROPIC OPPORTUNITIES TO FULFILL PRIORITY NEEDS. THIS INCLUDES FUNDING FOR NEW AREAS OF RESEARCH, CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGIES AND CONTINUING RECRUITMENT OF THE VERY BEST SCIENTISTS.IT IS GUIDED BY A 14-MEMBER BOARD OF DIRECTORS, WHICH HAS INCLUDED FIVE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. A SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD OF DISTINGUISHED OUTSIDE SPECIALISTS CONDUCTS ANNUAL EVALUATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND REVIEWS FUTURE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES.LA JOLLA INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS CONTINUED TO MAKE IMPRESSIVE RESEARCH ADVANCEMENTS IN 2010, WITH MORE THAN 150 RESEARCH PAPERS PUBLISHED IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS. THE HIGHEST ANNUAL TOTAL IN THE INSTITUTE'S HISTORY. SCIENTIFIC PAPERS-IN WHICH RESEARCHERS EXPLAIN THEIR LATEST FINDINGS-MUST GO THROUGH A RIGOROUS PEER-REVIEW PROCESS PRIOR TO PUBLICATION.THE INSTITUTE'S MAJOR PUBLISHED FINDINGS IN 2010 ILLUSTRATE THE RANGE AND POWER OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH. SOME EXAMPLES INCLUDE DR. ANJANA RAO'S FINDING OF AN ENZYME MUTATION THAT PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN TUMOR FORMATION IN CERTAIN BLOOD CANCERS, PUBLISHED IN THE JOURNAL NATURE, DR. CATHERINE HEDRICK'S DISCOVERY OF AN IMPORTANT NEW CELLULAR PLAYER THAT COULD LEAD TO NEW THERAPIES THAT REDUCE DIABETES' SEVERITY, PUBLISHED IN THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, AND DR. SUJAN SHRESTA'S RESEARCH, WHICH PROVED A LONG-HELD AND CONTROVERSIAL HYPOTHESIS THAT SOME ANTIBODIES CAN BE HARMFUL IN DENGUE VIRUS INFECTION. HER WORK, PUBLISHED IN CELL HOST &amp; MICROBE, IS INFLUENCING DENGUE VACCINE DEVELOPMENT WORLDWIDE. IN ADDITION, FIVE POTENTIAL THERAPIES, BASED ON INSTITUTE DISCOVERIES, ADVANCED IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL PIPELINE IN 2010, THREE OF THEM IN CLINICAL TRIALS. THESE INCLUDE ONE TRIAL BEING LED BY INSTITUTE SCIENTIST DR. JOEL LINDEN ON SICKLE CELL DISEASE, A DEVASTATING DISEASE THAT AFFECTS SEVERAL MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE. OTHER MAJOR HIGHLIGHTS IN 2010 INCLUDED THE INSTITUTE'S RECEIPT OF A $12.6 MILLION NIH GRANT TO DEVELOP AN RNA INTERFERENCE (RNAI) CENTER FOR GENETIC TESTING. RNAI IS A NOBEL PRIZE-WINNING TECHNOLOGY THAT ALLOWS SCIENTISTS TO EXPLORE NEW WAYS OF DISRUPTING DISEASE PROCESSES BASED ON ALTERING GENE FUNCTION. IN RECEIVING THE CENTER GRANT, THE LA JOLLA INSTITUTE SUCCEEDED IN A HIGHLY COMPETITIVE GRANT PROCESS, WHICH INCLUDED THOUSANDS OF APPLICATIONS ENCOMPASSING ALL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH DISCIPLINES. THE CENTER, SLATED TO OPEN IN 2011, WILL BE ONE OF A SMALL, SELECT GROUP OF DEDICATED RNAI FACILITIES WORLDWIDE. ALSO IN 2010, THE INSTITUTE'S INFECTIOUS DISEASE EFFORTS CONTINUED TO MAKE IMPRESSIVE GAINS. A TEAM OF LA JOLLA INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS ARE CHARTING NEW TERRITORY IN THE WORLDWIDE SCIENTIFIC BATTLE AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS, A DANGEROUS INFECTIOUS DISEASE THAT KILLS ABOUT 1.7 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE EACH YEAR. AS PART OF A MULTI-MILLION DOLLAR PROJECT, FUNDED IN 2009 BY THE NIH, INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS BEGAN MAPPING THE BODY'S IMMUNE RESPONSE TO THE TUBERCULOSIS BACTERIA, MARKING THE FIRST TIME THIS MASSIVE EFFORT HAS EVER BEEN UNDERTAKEN. BY ILLUMINATING PREVIOUSLY UNKNOWN CELLULAR PLAYERS IN THE BODY'S TUBERCULOSIS DEFENSE, INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS HOPE TO FIND IMPORTANT CANDIDATES FOR DEVELOPING A NEW AND BETTER VACCINE. LA JOLLA INSTITUTE RESEARCHERS ARE ALSO WORKING TOWARD THE CREATION OF FIRST-EVER VACCINES FOR MALARIA AND DENGUE VIRUS. IN ADDITION TO THEIR RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN 2010, INSTITUTE SCIENTISTS ALSO LECTURED AT MEDICAL RESEARCH SEMINARS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD AND ORGANIZED NUMEROUS SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES. WHILE IT IS DIFFICULT TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF PERSONS BENEFITED BECAUSE OF THE BROAD APPLICABILITY OF THE LA JOLLA INSTITUTE'S FINDINGS AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS, THE INSTITUTE ESTIMATES THAT THOUSANDS OF RESEARCH AND CLINICAL SCIENTISTS ATTENDED THE ABOVE MENTIONED CONFERENCES, READ THE INSTITUTE'S PUBLICATIONS, AND/OR DIRECTLY COLLABORATED WITH OUR SCIENTISTS, AND AS A RESULT, NOW INCORPORATE PORTIONS OF OUR RESEARCH INTO THEIR WORK.</Description>
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        <Explanation>LA JOLLA INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY &amp; IMMUNOLOGY IS A MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF INDEPENDENT RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND RESEARCH! AMERICA. THESE ORGANIZATIONS DESIGNATE A PORTION OF THE DUES THEY RECEIVE FOR LOBBYING ACTIVITIES.</Explanation>
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      <GeneralExplanation>
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        <Explanation>THE INSTITUTE ADMINISTERS THREE SEPARATE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES APPLYING TO 1) THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS, 2) FACULTY AND SENIOR ADMINISTRATION, AND 3) AN INVESTIGATOR FINANCIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY REQUIRED UNDER NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH REGULATIONS. THE INSTITUTE REGULARLY AND CONSISTENTLY MONITORS AND ENFORCES THESE POLICIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH WRITTEN PROCEDURES, WHICH INCLUDE THE COMPLETION OF DISCLOSURE FORMS BY COVERED INDIVIDUALS, EVALUATION OF COMPLETED FORMS BY A DESIGNATED CONFLICT REVIEW OFFICER, AND AS NECESSARY, FURTHER EVALUTION AND DETERMINATION BY A DESIGNATED CONFLICT REVIEW COMMITTEE. IF A CONFLICT IS DETERMINED, A MANAGEMENT PLAN IS DESIGNED AND MONITORED FOR THE SPECIFIC SITUATION. SUCH PLAN MAY REQUIRE THE COVERED INDIVIDUAL TO ELIMINATE THE CONFLICT.</Explanation>
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        <Explanation>COMPENSATION DECISIONS FOR THE INSTITUTE'S CEO AND OTHER KEY EMPLOYEES ARE MADE ANNUALLY. ADJUSTMENTS, IF ANY, TYPICALLY TAKE EFFECT ON A JANUARY 1ST CYCLE. FOR THESE PURPOSES, THE INSTITUTE'S HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT OBTAINS RELEVANT MARKET COMPARABILITY DATA FOR EACH POSITION ON AN ANNUAL BASIS. THE INSTITUTE ALSO PERIODICALLY ENGAGES AN INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTING FIRM TO PERFORM COMPENSATION STUDIES FOR KEY INDIVIDUALS AND TO EVALUATE THE INSTITUTE'S EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS PROGRAMS FOR REASONABLENESS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH ITS CHARTER, THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS REVIEWS AND DISCUSSES THIS INFORMATION, AND THE PERFORMANCE OF THE INSTITUTE'S CEO AND KEY EMPLOYEES, AND FORMULATES RECOMMENDED COMPENSATION ACTIONS TO THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS REVIEWS THESE RECOMMENDATIONS AND RELATED INFORMATION IN DECIDING COMPENSATION LEVELS FOR EACH POSITION.</Explanation>
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        <Explanation>THE INSTITUTE MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. SUMMARIZED FINANCIAL DATA IS ALSO MADE AVAILABLE AS PART OF THE INSTITUTE'S ANNUAL REPORT, WHICH IS WIDELY DISTRIBUTED, AND CAN BE DOWNLOADED FROM THE INSTITUTE'S WEB SITE.</Explanation>
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