2012-03-15T12:27:30-05:00 2011-06-30 MCGLADREY & PULLEN LLP 100 INTERNATIONAL DRIVE SUITE 1400 BALTIMORE MD 21202 990 2010-07-01 237003516 US NAVAL ACADEMY FOUNDATION INC USNA 4102954100 247 KING GEORGE STREET ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 HENRY J SANFORD 4102954100 2012-03-05 1 JULIA FLANNERY CPA 4102469300 2010 2016-02-24 21:20:13Z BYRON MARCHANT 247 KING GEORGE STREET ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 30906598 0 X WWW.USNA.COM X 1969 MD TO SUPPORT, PROMOTE, AND ADVANCE THE MISSION OF THE NAVAL ACADEMY. 24 23 34 40 41194 0 23160909 15463471 1109897 1081237 2474363 3235272 0 0 26745169 19779980 10842493 10245827 0 0 3513606 3367937 417508 449206 5133157 2229196 3070673 17002803 17133643 9742366 2646337 120316556 132389185 10264904 9084735 110051652 123304450 X TO SUPPORT, PROMOTE AND ADVANCE THE MISSION OF THE NAVAL ACADEMY BY WORKING IN CONJUNCTION WITH ACADEMY LEADERSHIP TO IDENTIFY STRATEGIC INSTITUTIONAL PRIORITIES AND BY RAISING, MANAGING AND DISBURSING PRIVATE GIFT FUNDS THAT PROVIDE A MARGIN OF EXCELLENCE IN SUPPORT OF THE NATION'S PREMIER LEADERSHIP INSTITUTION. THE MISSION STATEMENT OF THE RELATED ENTITY, THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION:TO SERVE AND SUPPORT THE UNITED STATES, THE NAVAL SERVICE, THE NAVAL ACADEMY AND ITS ALUMNI:BY FURTHERING THE HIGHEST STANDARDS AT THE NAVAL ACADEMY;BY SEEKING OUT, INFORMING, ENCOURAGING, AND ASSISTING OUTSTANDING, QUALIFIED YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN TO PURSUE CAREERS AS OFFICERS IN THE NAVY AND MARINE CORPS THROUGH THE NAVAL ACADEMY; ANDBY INITIATING AND SPONSORING ACTIVITIES WHICH WILL PERPETUATE THE HISTORY, TRADITIONS, MEMORIES AND GROWTH OF THE NAVAL ACADEMY AND BIND ALUMNI TOGETHER IN SUPPORT OF THE HIGHEST IDEALS OF COMMAND, CITIZENSHIP AND GOVERNMENT. 0 0 10993445 10245827 1081237 SUPPORT - THE FOUNDATION PROVIDED SUPPORT TO THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY AND U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. 10993445 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 14 0 1 34 1 1 1 1 CJ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 24 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 MD OH X X X HENRY J SANFORD CFO & TREASURER 4102954100 247 KING GEORGE STREET ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 X CHARLES S ABBOT 2.00 X 0 0 0 DANIEL AKERSON 2.00 X 0 0 0 RICHARD C ATKINSON 2.00 X 0 0 0 MICHAEL R BONSIGNORE 2.00 X 0 0 0 THOMAS C BRASCO 2.00 X 0 0 0 PETER F DEVOS 2.00 X 0 0 0 MARSHA J EVANS 2.00 X 0 0 0 LOUIS J FREEH 2.00 X 0 0 0 CHARLES S GARBER JR 2.00 X 0 0 0 ERIC P GRUBMAN 2.00 X 0 0 0 WALTER P HAVENSTEIN 2.00 X 0 0 0 THOMAS C LYNCH 2.00 X 0 0 0 BYRON F MARCHANT 36.00 X X 195417 130278 12062 CORBIN A MCNEILL JR 2.00 X 0 0 0 JERROLD L MILLER 2.00 X 0 0 0 MICHAEL J MOORE 2.00 X 0 0 0 PAUL B PRAGER 2.00 X 0 0 0 JOSEPH W PRUEHER 2.00 X 0 0 0 JOHN R RYAN 2.00 X 0 0 0 THOMAS C SCHIEVELBEIN 2.00 X 0 0 0 DEBORAH L WINCE-SMITH 2.00 X 0 0 0 ROGER E TETRAULT 2.00 X 0 0 0 MAURICE B TOSE 2.00 X 0 0 0 KEVIN SHARER 2.00 X 0 0 0 HENRY J SANFORD 33.00 X 111967 91609 4077 HARRY YEISER 50.00 X 103135 0 460 STEPHEN M MACONI 50.00 X 122723 0 460 RICHARD JOHNSON II 50.00 X 175752 0 7194 GERALDINE S FARMER 33.00 X 66046 54038 460 EDWARD WALLACE 50.00 X 106590 0 1017 881630 275925 25730 6 0 1 0 AFRC INC 208 PASSAIC AVE FAIRFIELD NJ 07000 FUNDRAISING CONSULTANT 449206 SIMCOX & BARCLAY LLP 888 BESTGATE ROAD SUITE 313 ANNAPOLIS MD 21401 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 204138 TIFF ADVISORY SERVICES 200 BARR HARBOR DRIVE SUITE 100 WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 19428 INVESTMENT ADVISORS 163808 3 15463471 2534920 15463471 FUND ADMIN. FEE 900099 1081237 1081237 1081237 2841049 41194 2799855 11520841 11126618 394223 394223 394223 19779980 1081237 41194 3194078 10172466 10172466 73361 73361 322694 64603 44209 213882 2584804 403309 373603 1807892 42046 6758 6044 29244 205740 32463 29676 143601 212653 34179 30566 147908 89969 14460 12932 62577 65708 65708 449206 449206 272734 272734 349649 60431 54044 235174 200526 32230 28823 139473 72968 11728 10488 50752 113087 18176 16255 78656 79626 12798 11445 55383 177897 28592 25571 123734 21810 3505 3135 15170 BAD DEBT 1474974 1474974 DONOR CULTIVATION 87417 14050 12565 60802 MISCELLANEOUS 33900 5449 4872 23579 TRAINING 20192 3245 2902 14045 LICENSES & DUES 7116 1144 1023 4949 3100 498 446 2156 17133643 10993445 1007041 5133157 2351970 2756584 26695058 20027248 35066 3747 94643 88966 5133420 1965470 3279843 3167950 71714773 86754724 13764746 16726721 2380457 2863245 120316556 132389185 151914 286789 2765 7148 2890000 1000000 7220225 7790798 10264904 9084735 X 6956249 9088773 66720518 77129880 36374885 37085797 110051652 123304450 120316556 132389185 X 2646337 10606461 X X 0 1 1 X 0 X 30688210 27421903 21522640 23160909 15463471 118257133 30688210 27421903 21522640 23160909 15463471 118257133 118257133 2319147 3317686 1945473 2135048 2841049 12558403 130815536 6107630 0.90400 0.91630 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 58295306 109914 608871 59014091 56224991 1622529 447786 58295306 68411141 -12649818 463668 56224991 1.00000 0 1 1 644316 644316 3998568 1563001 2435567 490536 402469 88067 3167950 INVESTMENTS IN PARTNERSHIPS, HEDGE FUNDS, OTHER 16726721 F 16726721 SPLIT INTEREST AGREEMENTS 6151165 INTERCOMPANY PAYABLE 1639633 7790798 19779980 17133643 2646337 10298360 308101 10606461 13252798 42455778 10298360 121622 14275449 24695431 17760347 272734 1746899 2019633 19779980 23084630 121622 7848998 7970620 15114010 272734 1746899 2019633 17133643 DESCRIPTION OF INTENDED USE OF ENDOWMENT FUNDS: PART V, LINE 4: THE ENDOWMENT CONSISTS OF APPROXIMATELY 72 INDIVIDUAL FUNDS ESTABLISHED FOR A VARIETY OF PURPOSES. THESE ENDOWMENT FUNDS ARE DONOR-RESTRICTED. THE FOUNDATION DOES NOT HAVE ANY BOARD-DESIGNATED ENDOWMENT FUNDS. AS REQUIRED BY GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES, NET ASSETS ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOWMENT FUNDS ARE CLASSIFIED AND REPORTED BASED ON THE EXISTENCE OR ABSENCE OF DONOR-IMPOSED RESTRICTIONS. DESCRIPTION OF UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS UNDER FIN 48: PART X: THE ASSOCIATIONS HAVE ADOPTED THE ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES, WHICH ADDRESSES THE DETERMINATION OF WHETHER TAX BENEFITS CLAIMED OR EXPECTED TO BE CLAIMED ON A TAX RETURN SHOULD BE RECORDED IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. UNDER THIS POLICY, THE ASSOCIATIONS MAY RECOGNIZE THE TAX BENEFIT FROM AN UNCERTAIN TAX POSITION ONLY IF IT IS MORE-LIKELY-THAN-NOT THAT THE TAX POSITION WOULD BE SUSTAINED ON EXAMINATION BY TAXING AUTHORITIES, BASED ON THE TECHNICAL MERITS OF THE POSITION. MANAGEMENT HAS EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATIONS' TAX POSITIONS AND HAS CONCLUDED THAT THE ASSOCIATIONS HAVE TAKEN NO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS THAT REQUIRE ADJUSTMENT TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TO COMPLY WITH PROVISIONS OF THIS GUIDANCE. AS OF JUNE 30, 2011 AND 2010, THERE ARE NO MATERIAL UNRECOGNIZED/DERECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS OR TAX PENALTIES OR INTEREST. WITH FEW EXCEPTIONS, THE ASSOCIATIONS ARE NO LONGER SUBJECT TO U.S. FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL TAX EXAMINATIONS BY TAX AUTHORITIES FOR YEARS ENDING BEFORE JUNE 30, 2008. PART XI, LINE 8 - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: CHANGE IN VALUE OF SPLIT INTEREST AGREEMENT 308,101. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: CHANGE IN VALUE OF SPLIT INTEREST AGREEMENTS 308,101. REVENUE OF AFFILIATE INCLUDED ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 13,967,348. PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: GRANT TO NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION 1,746,899. PART XIII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: EXPENSES OF AFFILIATE INCLUDED ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 7,848,998. PART XIII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: GRANT TO NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION 1,746,899. 1 EUROPE 0 0 PROGRAM SERVICES SCHOLARSHIPS 73361 CENTRAL AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN INVESTMENTS 6564951 0 0 0 0 0 0 6638312 0 6638312 SCHOLARSHIP EUROPE 3 73361 CHECK 0 0 0 0 0 0 PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING GRANTS OUTSIDE THE U.S.: SCHEDULE F, PART I, LINE 2: THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY DETERMINES WHO RECEIVES THE SCHOLARSHIP FUNDS. THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY FOUNDATION VERIFIES THAT THE SCHOLAR AND THEIR CHOICE OF HIGHER LEARNING ARE APPROPRIATE BASED ON THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY'S SCHOLAR SELECTION PROCESS. THE FUNDS ARE THEN TRANSFERRED DIRECTLY TO THE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER LEARNING. X X X X X 1 ADVANTAGE CONSULTING 2500 PASEO VERDE PARKWAY HENDERSON NV 89074 SOLICITATION 0 2622289 426198 2196091 2622289 426198 2196091 CT NM VA MD 1 US NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION INC 247 KING GEORGE STREET ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 520548411 501(C)(3) 1944688 GENERAL SUPPORT US NAVAL ACADEMY 121 BLAKE ROAD ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 311575142 8227778 GENERAL SUPPORT 2 0 PROCEDURE FOR MONITORING GRANTS IN THE U.S.: PART I, LINE 2: SCHEDULE I, PART I, LINE 2: THE FOUNDATION KEEPS DETAILED RECORDS OF GRANTS TO THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION AND THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY. ALL GRANTS ARE REVIEWED BY MANAGEMENT PRIOR TO PAYMENT. THE GRANT TO THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION IS BUDGETED FOR AND APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THE UNRESTRICTED PORTION OF THE GRANT TO THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY IS BUDGETED FOR AND APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. ALL OTHER GRANTS TO THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ARE BASED ON DONOR DIRECTION OF THEIR RESTRICTED GIFTS. X X X X X X 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BYRON F MARCHANT 192000 128000 0 0 3417 2278 0 0 7525 5017 202942 135295 9900 6600 HENRY J SANFORD 85250 69750 0 0 26717 21859 0 0 2507 2051 114474 93660 9075 7425 RICHARD JOHNSON II 136673 0 0 0 39079 0 0 0 7674 0 183426 0 0 0 PART I, LINE 4B BYRON MARCHANT AND HENRY SANFORD PARTICIPATE IN A SUPPLEMENTAL NONQUALIFIED RETIREMENT PLAN (457F AND 457B). $16,500 VESTED IN 2010 FOR BYRON MARCHANT AND HENRY SANFORD AND THOSE AMOUNTS ARE INCLUDED IN HIS W-2 COMPENSATION. SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION PART III BYRON MARCHANT AND HENRY SANFORD'S W-2 INCOME INCLUDES DEFERRED COMPENSATION THAT VESTED IN 2010 AND MUST BE REPORTED AS INCOME IN THE YEAR IT VESTS. PART I, LINE 3: THE WRITTEN EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT IS AN INTERNAL CONTRACT ONLY. X 101 2534920 FAIR MARKET VALUE 0 1 0 FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 THE FORM 990 WAS REVIEWED BY MANAGEMENT AND MEMBERS OF THE JOINT FINANCE AND AUDIT COMMITTEE OF U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION AND U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY FOUNDATION WITH OUR TAX PREPARERS AND SENT TO MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND TO THE IRS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY IS SENT TO EACH BOARD/TRUSTEE MEMBER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE CALENDAR YEAR WITH A SELF ADDRESSED ENVELOPE FOR RESPONDING. THE POLICY DETAILS POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND THE NEED TO DISCLOSE SUCH CONFLICTS. THE POLICY ALSO DEFINES THE BOARD/TRUSTEE'S MEMBER FIDUCIARY OBLIGATION TO THE ORGANIZATION. ALL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST STATEMENTS ARE RETURNED TO THE BOARD SECRETARY'S OFFICE AND KEPT ON FILE. THE COMPLETED SIGNED CONFLICTS OF INTEREST STATEMENTS ARE REVIEWED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S AUDIT FIRM DURING THE ANNUAL AUDIT FOR COMPLETENESS AND TO ENSURE THAT ALL BOARD/TRUSTEE MEMBERS ARE INCLUDED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 THE PROCESS FOR DETERMINING COMPENSATION OF THE CEO, OTHER OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES OF THE ORGANIZATION "INCLUDES A REVIEW AND APPROVAL BY INDEPENDENT PERSONS, COMPARABILITY DATA, AND CONTEMPORANEOUS SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DELIBERATION AND DECISION." SPECIFICALLY, THE ORGANIZATION TAKES ALL OF THE STEPS NECESSARY TO ENSURE THAT THE COMPENSATION PACKAGES OF THESE INDIVIDUALS ARE NOT ONLY REASONABLE AND COMPETITIVE, BUT ARE DESIGNED AND DETERMINED IN THE PRECISE MANNER SPECIFIED IN THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE'S "INTERMEDIATE SANCTIONS" REGULATIONS. THE PROCESS FOR DETERMINING THE COMPENSATION PACKAGES OF THESE INDIVIDUALS IS AS FOLLOWS: 1. A BOARD COMPENSATION COMMITTEE IS CONSTITUTED THAT IS COMPOSED ENTIRELY OF TRUSTEES MEETING A STRICT "NO CONFLICTS" INDEPENDENCE TEST SET FORTH IN THE IRS REGULATIONS. 2. THE COMMITTEE ACQUIRES APPROPRIATE, INDEPENDENT MARKET COMPARABILITY DATA FROM ITS PROFESSIONAL COMPENSATION CONSULTANT. 3. THE COMMITTEE REVIEWS THIS COMPARABILITY DATA IN DETAIL, POSING APPROPRIATE QUESTIONS TO ITS PROFESSIONAL COMPENSATION CONSULTANT. 4. THE COMMITTEE REVIEWS THE QUALIFICATIONS, EXPERIENCE AND PERFORMANCE OF EACH OF THE INDIVIDUALS AGAINST THE COMPARABILITY DATA ACQUIRED FROM THE PROFESSIONAL COMPENSATION CONSULTANT. 5. THE COMMITTEE DESIGNS A PROPOSED COMPENSATION PACKAGE FOR EACH OF THE INDIVIDUALS AND SEEKS A WRITTEN OPINION FROM THE PROFESSIONAL COMPENSATION CONSULTANT THAT THE PROPOSED COMPENSATION PACKAGE IS REASONABLE. (THE COMMITTEE MAKES ANY ADJUSTMENTS TO THE PROPOSAL REQUIRED IN ORDER FOR THE PROFESSIONAL COMPENSATION CONSULTANT TO CONCLUDE THAT THE PACKAGE IS REASONABLE.) 6. THE COMMITTEE MEMORIALIZES ALL OF ITS DELIBERATIONS IN DETAILED COMMITTEE MINUTES THAT ARE REVIEWED, CORRECTED IF NECESSARY, AND APPROVED AT ITS NEXT FOLLOWING MEETING. 7. THE COMMITTEE ACQUIRES AN OPINION OF COUNSEL CONCLUDING THAT THE PROCESS FOLLOWED BY THE COMMITTEE MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE IRS REGULATIONS. 8. THE COMMITTEE REGULARLY REVIEWS ITS PROCESS TO ENSURE THAT IT CONTINUES TO MEET ALL OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF APPLICABLE LAW. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ALL NECESSARY AND REQUIRED GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICTS OF INTEREST POLICIES, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FORM 990S AND ANNUAL REPORT AVAILABLE ON ITS WEBSITE: WWW.USNA.COM. FORM 990, PART VII, LINE 1A, COLUMN B SEVERAL OFFICERS OF THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY FOUNDATION ARE DUALLY EMPLOYED BY A RELATED ORGANIZATION, THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. HOURS DEVOTED TO THE ALUMNI ASSOCIATION ARE LISTED BELOW FOR THE OFFICERS INVOLVED IN BOTH ORGANIZATIONS: OFFICER HOURS PER WEEK DEVOTED TO ALUMNI ASSOCIATION BYRON F. MARCHANT 24 HENRY J. SANFORD 27 GERALDINE S. FARMER 27 CHANGES IN NET ASSETS OR FUND BALANCES: FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 5: NET UNREALIZED GAINS ON INVESTMENTS: 10,298,360. CHANGE IN VALUE OF SPLIT INTEREST AGREEMENT 308,101. TOTAL TO FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 5: 10,606,461. 990, PART XI, QUESTION 2B - AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR GAAP PURPOSES, THE ORGANIZATION PRESENTS ITS ACTIVITY IN A CONSOLIDATED FORMAT WITH ITS RELATED ENTITY , THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. THESE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AUDITED BY INDEPENDENT AUDITORS. THE GAAP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDE SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION THAT PRESENTS THE FINANCIAL POSITION AND THE CHANGES IN NET ASSETS OF THE FOUNDATION. FORM 990, PART I, LINE 5 AND FORM 990, PART V, LINE 2A THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION (A RELATED ORGANIZATION) IS THE PAYMASTER FOR BOTH THE ASSOCIATION AND THE U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY FOUNDATION. DUE TO THE ASSOCIATION'S ROLE AS PAYMASTER FOR BOTH ORGANIZATIONS, THE ASSOCIATION REPORTS BOTH ASSOCIATION AND FOUNDATION EMPLOYEES FOR W-3 PURPOSES. THE ASSOCIATION FILES ALL RELATED EMPLOYMENT TAX FORMS. ALL PAYROLL EXPENSES RELATED TO THE FOUNDATION ARE RECORDED AS A RECEIVABLE TO THE ASSOCIATION AND A PAYABLE FROM THE FOUNDATION. THE 34 FOUNDATION EMPLOYEES ARE REPORTED ON PART I, LINE 5 AND PART V, LINE 2A EVEN THOUGH THE FOUNDATION DOES NOT FILE A FORM W-3. THIS CHANGE IS BASED ON IRS INSTRUCTION CHANGES AND CLARIFICATIONS SINCE INCEPTION OF THE REDESIGNED FORM 990. FORM 990, PART VII, SECTION A AND PART VII, SECTION B ALL INFORMATION REPORTED ON THIS 2010 FORM 990 IS REPORTED ON A FISCAL YEAR BEGINNING JULY 1, 2010 AND ENDING JUNE 30, 2011, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF INFORMATION THAT IS REPORTED FOR COMPENSATION ON SCHEDULE J AND PART VII OF THE RETURN. COMPENSATION LISTED ON THESE SCHEDULES IS BASED ON CALENDAR YEAR REPORTED COMPENSATION (PER THE 990 INSTRUCTIONS) FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR JAN 1, 2010 AND ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2010. US NAVAL ACADEMY ALUMNI ASSOCIATION INC 247 KING GEORGE STREET ANNAPOLIS MD 21402 520548411 SUPPORT OF U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY & ALUMNI MD 501(C)(3) 9 N/A 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1