2014-09-22T13:47:54-05:00 2014-03-31 050409384 KAHN LITWIN RENZA & CO LTD 951 NORTH MAIN STREET PROVIDENCE RI 02904 990 2013-04-01 050252708 THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY PRES 4018471000 424 BELLEVUE AVENUE NEWPORT RI 02840 JAMES M BURRESS DIRECTOR OF FINANCE 4018471000 2014-09-22 1 DEBORAH A HOPKINS P00167843 4012742001 2013 2015-11-30 17:44:51Z TRUDY COXE 424 BELLEVUE AVENUE NEWPORT RI 02840 35569131 0 X WWW.NEWPORTMANSIONS.ORG X 1945 RI TO PROTECT, PRESERVE, AND PRESENT AN EXCEPTIONAL COLLECTION OF HOUSE MUSEUMS AND LANDSCAPES. 30 30 429 250 229873 -111069 5285892 6663280 11067913 11079225 2658065 2442251 1903636 2000740 20915506 22185496 0 0 0 0 9770337 9973956 0 0 876268 8563933 8020324 18334270 17994280 2581236 4191216 43988623 49797781 7001101 6057093 36987522 43740688 X THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY'S MISSION IS TO PROTECT, PRESERVE, AND PRESENT AN EXCEPTIONAL COLLECTION OF HOUSE MUSEUMS AND LANDSCAPES IN ONE OF THE MOST HISTORICALLY INTACT CITIES IN AMERICA. WE HOLD IN PUBLIC TRUST THE NEWPORT MANSIONS, (CONT. ON SCHEDULE O)WHICH ARE AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE LIVING FABRIC OF NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND. THESE SITES EXEMPLIFY THREE CENTURIES OF THE FINEST ACHIEVEMENTS IN AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE, DECORATIVE ARTS, AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN SPANNING THE COLONIAL ERA TO THE GILDED AGE. THROUGH OUR HISTORIC PROPERTIES, EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS, AND RELATED ACTIVITIES WE ENGAGE THE PUBLIC IN THE STORY OF AMERICA'S VIBRANT CULTURAL HERITAGE. WE SEEK TO INSPIRE AND PROMOTE AN APPRECIATION OF THE VALUE OF PRESERVATION TO ENRICH THE LIVES OF PEOPLE EVERYWHERE. 0 0 15225501 12846401 THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY PRESERVES ELEVEN HISTORIC MANSIONS, INCLUDING SEVEN NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS AND EIGHTY ACRES OF PARKS, GARDENS AND GROUNDS, REPRESENTING MORE THAN 250 YEARS OF SOCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY. DURING THE YEAR, OVER 817,000 VISITORS TOOK REGULARLY-SCHEDULED TOURS OF THE SOCIETY'S PROPERTIES TO LEARN ABOUT THE BUILDINGS AND THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO GAVE RISE TO THESE SPECIAL PLACES. IN ADDITION TO GENERAL TOURS, THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OFFERS MANY OTHER LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES, DESIGNED TO PRESENT ITS HOUSES AND COLLECTIONS TO A BROAD AND DIVERSE AUDIENCE IN AS MANY INTERESTING AND ENLIGHTENING WAYS AS POSSIBLE. THESE PROGRAMS INCLUDE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIA AND FORUMS, STUDY DAYS, LECTURES, WORKSHOPS, FILMS, TOURS, AND THE OPPORTUNITY FOR VISITORS (CONT. ON SCHEDULE O)TO EXPERIENCE THE TYPE OF GRAND ENTERTAINING FOR WHICH THEY WERE BUILT. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS ARE OFFERED YEAR-ROUND. 15225501 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 77 0 1 429 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 RI X JAMES M BURRESS 4018471000 424 BELLEVUE AVENUE NEWPORT RI 02840 MR DONALD O ROSS CHAIRMAN 10.00 X X 0 0 0 MRS EDWIN G FISCHER VICE CHAIR 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MRS A LESLIE BALLARD VICE PRESIDENT 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MR DAVID P LEYS VICE PRESIDENT 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MRS GARY MOORE VICE PRES./ASST. SEC. 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MRS RICHARD I BURNHAM TREASURER 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MR PETER S DAMON ASST. TREASURER 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MR ARTHUR W MURPHY ESQ SECRETARY 5.00 X X 0 0 0 MR MORTIMER BERKOWITZ III TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR DUNCAN A CHAPMAN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS ALEXANDER C CUSHING TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS KIMBERLY W DARDEN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR DAVID B FORD TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS SARAH GEWIRZ TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS RALPH H ISHAM TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS PETER D KIERNAN TRUSTEE (OFF 6/13) 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS WILLIAM D LEATHERMAN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR DAVID E P LINDH TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR WILLIAM F LUCEY TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR RONALD K MACHTLEY TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR JOHN D MUGGERIDGE TRUSTEE (OFF 6/13) 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR ANDREW K REILLY TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR EUGENE B ROBERTS TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MS JANET L ROBINSON TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS JAMES H ROSS TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR ARCHBOLD VAN BEUREN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MRS GUY FC VAN PELT TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR MARK E WATSON TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR WILLIAM F WILSON TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR WILLIAM N WOOD PRINCE TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MS MERRILL SHERMAN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MR WILLIAM EGAN TRUSTEE 5.00 X 0 0 0 MS TRUDY COXE CEO & EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 60.00 X 242882 0 28512 MR JAMES M BURRESS DIRECTOR OF FINANCE 45.00 X 138024 0 22605 MS MARY KOZIK CHIEF OF INST'L ADVANCEMENT 45.00 X 148733 0 14917 MR PHILIP PELLETIER DIR. OF SPECIAL EVENTS 45.00 X 115060 0 6647 MR IVAN COLON CORPORATE SALES MGR. 45.00 X 126960 0 21988 MR JOHN G RODMAN DIR. MUSEUM AFFAIRS 45.00 X 125786 0 19735 MS CYNTHIA O'MALLEY DIR. OF RETAIL SALES 45.00 X 115647 0 12800 1013092 0 127204 9 0 1 0 JENN LITTLE MEDIA 13 WATERMAN STREET BRISTOL RI 02809 MEDIA PURCHASING 381025 FINE CATERING BY R MORIN INC 95 FRANK MOSSBERG DRIVE ATTLEBORO MA 02703 CATERING SERVICES 308621 EPSTEIN JOSLIN ARCHITECTS INC 12 ARROW STREET CAMBRIDGE MA 02138 ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES 278699 UNIVERSAL ROOFING & SHEETING PO BOX 61122 NEW BEDFORD MA 02746 CONSTRUCTION SERVICES 264101 NEWPORT TENT COMPANY INC 27 HIGHPOINT AVENUE PORTSMOUTH RI 02878 TENT RENTAL 183619 11 897057 58027 311494 5396702 227145 6663280 ADMISSIONS 900099 8954515 8954515 PROGRAM EVENTS 900099 1997374 1997374 ACADEMIC PROGRAMS 900099 91511 91511 REPRODUCTION INCOME 900099 35825 35825 11079225 621429 621429 13421788 11600966 1820822 1820822 1820822 35875 58027 32184 3691 3691 3754161 1750485 2003676 1767176 236500 UBI FROM PARTNERSHIP INVESTMENTS 900099 -6627 -6627 -6627 22185496 12846401 229873 2445942 446298 306581 95088 44629 7844247 6561250 804531 478466 347373 274060 50221 23092 670124 571213 76025 22886 665914 571209 58282 36423 95191 10329 58143 26719 100035 100035 104424 104424 367175 300603 64855 1717 465985 453885 12100 1266047 1190759 28469 46819 170589 21198 130801 18590 961057 961057 120785 107677 8684 4424 33660 33660 50204 50204 526087 526087 836709 809437 20484 6788 EVENT SUPPLIES 812385 800213 12172 REPAIRS & MAINTENANCE 726285 726285 EQUIPMENT & MAINTENANCE 375356 350857 24499 COLLECTION EXPENDITURES 267395 267395 740955 415406 171934 153615 17994280 15225501 1892511 876268 62017 570115 698691 453120 1111391 2112375 1430868 127369 945179 1038545 243805 259294 14691564 7261849 6514757 7429715 28677819 29670950 4049950 7814247 254146 322051 43988623 49797781 2867144 1763600 571904 608426 3496362 3637793 65691 47274 7001101 6057093 X 10553825 12435723 12219209 15365477 14214488 15939488 36987522 43740688 43988623 49797781 4191216 2561950 0 X 0 1 X 1 0 X 4069535 3369015 3608081 5285892 6663280 22995803 12181278 13169212 13151977 14370217 14458523 67331207 16250813 16538227 16760058 19656109 21121803 90327010 458623 858936 718733 1630471 1753486 5420249 0 458623 858936 718733 1630471 1753486 5420249 84906761 542109 498792 621019 596919 614802 2873641 542109 498792 621019 596919 614802 2873641 -51524 -72286 -70048 -90236 -104444 -388538 16741398 16964733 17311029 20162792 21632161 92812113 0.91480 0.91420 0.03100 0.03310 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED X 3 3 1 1 1 21.00 1044 X X X X 0 32508439 1725697 4898711 1612142 37520705 30147175 702054 2912926 1253716 32508439 30385661 156188 1147123 1541797 30147175 28170406 301055 3741571 1827371 30385661 21899922 74232 7770239 1573987 28170406 0.22200 0.35320 0.42480 0 0 910050 910050 7089125 2622946 4466179 150931 108129 42802 6541458 4530774 2010684 7429715 CASH AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS 1828730 F PRIVATE EQUITY PARTNERSHIPS 5680329 F REMAINDER TRUST 305188 F 7814247 CAPITAL LEASE 47274 47274 X 26661296 2561950 290000 2851950 23809346 104424 -1728274 -1623850 22185496 19908130 290000 1782669 2072669 17835461 104424 54395 158819 17994280 PART II, LINE 3: ONE OF THE SOCIETY'S EASEMENTS WAS ON A PROPERTY THAT WAS BEQUEATHED TO ANOTHER 501(C)(3) ORGANIZATION, THE NEWPORT RESTORATION FOUNDATION (NRF). NRF'S MISSION IS TO PRESERVE AND MAINTAIN OBJECTS REFLECTING AQUIDNECK ISLAND'S 18TH- AND 19TH- CENTURY ARCHITECTUAL CULTURE, AND THE PROPERTY BECAME A PART OF NRF'S COLLECTION OF HISTORIC HOMES. THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE BEQUEST OF THE PROPERTY SUPERSEDED THE TERMS OF THE SOCIETY'S EASEMENT. DUE TO THE CONSISTENCY OF NRF'S MISSION WITH THE INTENTION OF THE EASEMENT, AND ASSURANCES THAT THE PROPERTY WILL BE MAINTAINED IN ITS HISTORIC CONDITION, THE SOCIETY EXTINGUISHED THE EASEMENT AT THAT TIME. PART II, LINE 9: THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY HOLDS CONSERVATION EASEMENTS ON THREE PROPERTIES, WHICH WERE FORMERLY OWNED BY THE SOCIETY. THE SOCIETY DOES NOT GENERALLY ACCEPT DONATED EASEMENTS NOR DOES IT PURCHASE EASEMENTS AS PART OF ITS PROGRAM ACTIVITIES. THERE IS NO VALUE ASSIGNED TO THE SOCIETY'S CONSERVATION EASEMENTS, AND NO FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS ARISE FROM ITS EASEMENTS. THEREFORE, THE EASEMENTS ARE NOT REFLECTED IN THE STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES OR THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION. PART III, LINE 1A: PER THE SOCIETY'S FINANCIAL STATEMENT FOOTNOTES: THE SOCIETY'S COLLECTIONS CONSIST OF HISTORIC MANSIONS AND LANDSCAPES AS WELL AS OBJECTS DISPLAYED IN THE MANSIONS, SUCH AS FINE ART, FURNISHINGS AND CLOTHING. THE HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS ARE NOT CAPITALIZED BY THE SOCIETY. IN ADDITION, THE SOCIETY DOES NOT CAPITALIZE REPAIRS OR IMPROVEMENTS TO INEXHAUSTIBLE COLLECTIONS. ALL PURCHASES OF COLLECTION ITEMS AND RESTORATION OR IMPROVEMENTS TO INEXHAUSTIBLE COLLECTIONS ARE RECORDED AS DECREASES IN UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS IN THE YEAR IN WHICH THE EXPENDITURE IS MADE. THE SOCIETY MAINTAINS A COLLECTIONS POLICY THAT ADDRESSES COLLECTIONS UPKEEP, ACCESSION AND DE-ACCESSION POLICIES AND OTHER ASPECTS OF COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE POLICY OF NOT RECORDING COLLECTIONS IN THE FINANCIAL RECORDS, DONATED COLLECTION ITEMS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR ARE NOT REFLECTED IN THE STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES, AND ARE A RECONCILING ITEM NOTED BELOW. PART III, LINE 4: THE COLLECTIONS OF THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY'S HOUSE MUSEUMS, COMPRISING OVER 50,000 OBJECTS, REFLECT THE ORGANIZATION'S MISSION TO PRESENT AND PRESERVE AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE AND DECORATIVE ARTS SPANNING THE COLONIAL ERA TO THE GILDED AGE. THE COLLECTIONS, OTHER THAN ARCHIVAL MATERIALS AND FRAGILE TEXTILES, ARE PERMANENTLY EXHIBITED IN THEIR ORIGINAL HISTORIC CONTEXT OF DOMESTIC INTERIORS AND REFLECT A UNIQUE SURVEY OF THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN DESIGN. PART V, LINE 4: THE ORGANIZATION'S ENDOWMENT CONSISTS OF FUNDS ESTABLISHED FOR A VARIETY OF PURPOSES, INCLUDING MAINTAINING THE HISTORIC HOUSES AND OTHER HISTORICAL TREASURES IN THE ORGANIZATION'S COLLECTIONS AND SUPPORTING CERTAIN ANNUAL EDUCATIONAL EVENTS. PART X, LINE 2: THE SOCIETY IS EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAXES AS A PUBLIC CHARITY UNDER SECTION 501(C)(3) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. MANAGEMENT BELIEVES THAT THE SOCIETY OPERATES IN A MANNER CONSISTENT WITH THEIR TAX-EXEMPT STATUS AT BOTH THE STATE AND FEDERAL LEVEL. THE SOCIETY ANNUALLY FILES IRS FORM 990 - RETURN OF ORGANIZATION EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAX REPORTING VARIOUS INFORMATION THAT THE IRS USES TO MONITOR THE ACTIVITIES OF TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES. THE SOCIETY ALSO ANNUALLY FILES IRS FORM 990-T - EXEMPT ORGANIZATION'S BUSINESS INCOME TAX RETURN FOR ALL OF ITS TAXABLE TRANSACTIONS. THESE TAX RETURNS ARE SUBJECT TO REVIEW BY THE TAXING AUTHORITIES, GENERALLY FOR A PERIOD OF THREE YEARS AFTER THEY WERE FILED. THE TAX RETURNS FOR FISCAL YEARS 2011, 2012, AND 2013 ARE SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION BY THE IRS. THE SOCIETY CURRENTLY HAS NO TAX EXAMINATIONS IN PROGRESS. FOR THE SOCIETY'S TAX YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 2014 THE SOCIETY OWED NO INCOME TAXES RELATED TO ITS TAXABLE SALES. PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: EXPENSES IN PART VIII, LINE 10B -1,750,485. EXPENSES IN PART VIII, LINE 8B -32,184. NONCASH CONTRIBUTIONS OF COLLECTION ITEMS 54,395. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: EXPENSES IN PART VIII, LINE 10B 1,750,485. EXPENSES IN PART VIII, LINE 8B 32,184. PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: NONCASH CONTRIBUTIONS OF COLLECTION ITEMS 54,395. GOLF OUTING 93902 58027 35875 8765 15690 7729 93902 58027 35875 8765 15690 7729 32184 3691 X X X 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 MS TRUDY COXE CEO & EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 242882 0 0 0 0 0 14400 0 14112 0 271394 0 0 0 MR JAMES M BURRESS DIRECTOR OF FINANCE 138024 0 0 0 0 0 8493 0 14112 0 160629 0 0 0 MS MARY KOZIK CHIEF OF INST'L ADVANCEMENT 148733 0 0 0 0 0 9000 0 5917 0 163650 0 0 0 PART I, LINE 5 PHILLIP PELLETIER AND IVAN COLON RECEIVE INCENTIVE COMPENSATION BASED ON BOOKED EVENTS. FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2014, PHILLIP PELLETIER RECEIVED BASE COMPENSATION OF APPROXIMATELY $105,000 AND INCENTIVE COMPENSATION OF APPROXIMATELY $5,500; IVAN COLON RECEIVED BASE COMPENSATION OF APPROXIMATELY $86,500 AND INCENTIVE COMPENSATION OF APPROXIMATELY $45,000. X 16 211015 MARKET VALUE X 11 54395 INDEPENDENT APPRAISAL X EVENT SUPPLIE 90 172750 COST OR SELLING PRIC 2 0 1 0 PART I, COLUMN (B): FOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF ITEMS WHICH ARE ACCESSIONED, THE ORGANIZATION IDENTIFIES EACH GIFT RECEIVED AND REPORTS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF GIFTS (SOME GIFTS CONTAIN MULTIPLE ITEMS). FOR OTHER TYPES OF NON-CASH CONTRIBUTIONS, THE ORGANIZATION IDENTIFIES EACH DONOR BY PURPOSE, SUCH AS A SPECIFIC EVENT. THE ORGANIZATION REPORTS THE SUM OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTORS FOR EACH PURPOSE. SOME CONTRIBUTORS ARE INCLUDED MULTIPLE TIMES, FOR EACH DISCRETE INSTANCE OF PROVIDING A NON-CASH CONTRIBUTION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 THE FORM 990 HAS BEEN PREPARED BY THE SOCIETY'S EXTERNAL AUDITORS AND REVIEWED IN DRAFT WITH THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, DIRECTOR OF FINANCE AND THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. CORRECTIONS AND CHANGES WERE MADE AS NECESSARY. THE BOARD HAS DELEGATED THE PROCESS OF REVIEWING THE 990 TO THE DIRECTOR OF FINANCE, THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AND THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C EACH YEAR THE ORGANIZATION'S CODE OF ETHICS IS PROVIDED TO ALL OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND KEY EMPLOYEES. THESE PEOPLE ARE ASKED TO REVIEW THE CODE AND SIGN A STATEMENT INDICATING THAT THEY UNDERSTAND IT, HAVE REPORTED ALL POTENTIAL CONFLICTS DURING THE PAST YEAR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE POLICY AND WILL REPORT ALL POTENTIAL CONFLICTS DURING THE COMING YEAR. ALL POTENTIAL CONFLICTS ARE EVALUATED BY THE BOARD TO DETERMINE IF A CONFLICT ACTUALLY EXISTS. IN THOSE INSTANCES WHERE THE POTENTIAL TRANSACTION IS A CONFLICT THE BOARD EXAMINES THE TRANSACTION AND A VOTE IS TAKEN (WITH THOSE INVOLVED RECUSING THEMSELVES) AS TO WHETHER THE ORGANIZATION WILL ENTER INTO THE TRANSACTION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A ANNUALLY THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD CONDUCTS A PERFORMANCE REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF THE CEO. THE REVIEW ALSO ESTABLISHES THE CEO'S COMPENSATION FOR THE FOLLOWING YEAR. THIS PROCESS INVOLVES THE EVALUATION OF THE CEO, AND A REVIEW OF COMPENSATION OF COMPARABLE POSITIONS OBTAINED FROM THE FORMS 990 OF SIMILAR ORGANIZATIONS. THE COMMITTEE'S DELIBERATION AND DECISION ARE NOTED IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING. THE PAY FOR ALL OTHER EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING THE DIRECTOR OF FINANCE, KEY EMPLOYEES AND HIGHEST COMPENSATED EMPLOYEES, IS DETERMINED BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS (ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS), ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND PUBLIC TAX RETURNS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. THE ORGANIZATION WILL MAIL COPIES OR PROVIDE COPIES TO THOSE WHO COME TO THE ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE DURING NORMAL BUSINESS HOURS. THE ORGANIZATION CURRENTLY DOES NOT CHARGE FOR THE COPIES. PSNC HOLDINGS INC 424 BELLEVUE AVE NEWPORT RI 02840 050479546 HOLDS TITLE TO WAREHOUSE HOUSING PSNC INVENTORY RI 501(C)(2) THE PRESERVATION SOCIETY OF NEWPORT COUNTY 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0