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      <Desc>INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMS: Kenyan political devolution has tasked county officials with new governance, financial management, and other functions. PRB, through USAID's IDEA project, worked with the National Council for Population and Development in Kenya on decentralizing family planning advocacy activities: Identifying local champions who have links to decision makers; Convening a policy communication workshop to strengthen skills, learn about country budgeting process, and develop advocacy plans; Using PRB's ENGAGE multimedia presentations to help make the case for family planning. (See Schedule O for Continuation)</Desc>
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        <Desc>COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS: Every year, PRB's World Population Data Sheet package is a go-to reference on population, health, and environment statistics. For 2015, PRB made it more accessible and compelling through digital mediums. The worldpopdata.org microsite is a wealth of information about general population trends and the theme of women's empowerment. PRB has expertise in this topic through its work managing the Interagency Gender Working Group and its other research on gender topics. (See Schedule O For Continuation)</Desc>
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        <PersonNm>Susan M Rich</PersonNm>
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        <ExplanationTxt>PRB follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. Income tax benefits are recognized for income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return only when it is determined that the income tax position will more-likely-than-not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. PRB has analyzed tax positions taken for filing with the Internal Revenue Service and all state jurisdictions where it operates. PRB believes that income tax filing positions will be sustained upon examination and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in a material adverse effect on PRB's financial position, results of activities or cash flows. Accordingly, PRB has not recorded any reserves or related accruals for taxes, interest and penalties for uncertain income tax positions at September 30, 2015 and 2014. PRB is open to examination by taxing authorities from 2012 forward.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part II, line 1:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Column (h) - Purpose of grant or assistance (1) UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO - BOULDER Sub-grant for population and economic development research. Project Title: "35 Years Later: Effects Of The Matlab Maternal And Child Health And Family Planning Program On Women's Economic Empowerment." (2) NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Sub-grant for population and economic development research. Project Title: "Intergenerational Effects of Family Planning Programs: Evidence from Madagascar" (3) DICKINSON COLLEGE Sub-grant for population and economic development research. Project Title: "Do Community Health Workers Lead to Improved Health Awareness and Increased Use of Health Technology among Individuals? Evidence Using Experimental Data from Uganda" (4) UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Sub-grant for population and economic development research. Project Title: "Fertility Timing and Womens Economic Outcomes in South Africa"</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART I, LINE 1:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The Population Reference Bureau informs people around the world about population, health and the environment, and empowers them to use that information to advance the well-being of current and future generations.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 1:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>PRB'S EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETS EVERY SIX WEEKS AND IS EMPOWERED TO ACT ON BEHALF OF THE FULL BOARD OF TRUSTEES. THE FULL BOARD OF TRUSTEES MEETS THREE TIMES A YEAR, TWICE IN PERSON AND ONCE BY PHONE.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART IV, SECTION B, LINE 11:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The organization's Form 990 undergoes a number of internal and external reviews before it is filed with the IRS. The return is prepared by the organization's public accounting firm, BDO USA, and is reviewed by the organization's Chief Financial and Operating Officer. A final draft of the Form 990 is provided to each member of the organization's Executive and Audit Committees for final review and approval before it is filed with the IRS.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 90, PART IV, SECTION B, LINE 12C:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Each Trustee, Director, Officer, and Key Employee completes a Conflict of Interest questionnaire which is reviewed by the CFO/COO and the Chair of the Audit Committee. Any questions are followed up by the Audit Committee Chair and a full report is given to the Board of Trustees.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>President/CEO compensation is determined by the PRB Executive Committee and approved by the full Board of Trustees. The CEO and CFO review performance and compensation for department VPs and senior staff. Department VPs review performance and compensation for their department employees. The VPs meet together to review compensation recommendations to ensure equity across departments. Key employee and VP compensation is determined by the CEO and CFO, in conjunction with a review by the HR Specialist, an independent contractor. Comparability data from similar organizations is used to compare both base salaries and increases.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The organization makes its governing documents, conflict of interest policy, and financial statements available to the public upon request and by way of Guidestar. Additionally, summarized Financial Statements are available in the organization's annual report.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>There have been no changes during the year in the process for oversight of the audit of the financial statements.</ExplanationTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 4A: continued</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Program Service Accomplishments (Continued) - With support from Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation, PRB's RENEW project focused on strengthening commitments and resources to alleviate malnutrition in pregnant women and children. In Nigeria, PRB collaborated with a multisectoral task force, headed by the Nutritional Division in the MInistry of Health's Department of Family Health, to produce a multimedia presentation, "Malnutrition: Nigeria's Silent Crisis". One PRB community focues on the demographic dividend - the accelerated economic growth that may result when a rapid decline in a country's fertility rate leads to an increase in the working-age population relative to the number of dependents, and the right mix of policies are in place to take advantage of this. With support from David and Lucille Packard Foundation, PRB took two important steps in 2015 to facilitate global discussion and advocacy around the demographic dividend in Africa: A demographic dividend website launched in partnership with Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health at the Johns Hopkins University to aggregate relevant research, resources and news; A Regional Coordination Group in sub-Saharan Africa comprising nearly 60 individuals from 24 organizations, who focus on the issue and meet quarterly to share knowledge. In April 2015 in Nairobi, PRB launched a report on the growing threat of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Africa. NCDs-notably cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory conditions, and diabetes-are the leading causes of death in every world region except Africa. Current trends show Africa joining the rest by 2030.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 4B: continued</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>U.S. Programs (Continued) - PRB manages the American Community Survey (ACS) Data Users Group in partnership with the U.S. Census Bureau. The ACS, conducted by the Census Bureau, provides demographic, social, economic, and housing information annually for communities across the United States. The ACS Data Users Group facilitates learning and information sharing through an online community, webinars, and sessions at professional meetings. PRB also organizes and leads an annual ACS Data Users Conference. PRB has conducted policy communication trainings for researchers from developing countries over four decades, primarily with funding from USAID. For the first time last year, an inaugural class of U.S.-focused doctoral students convened in mid-2015, thanks to new support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The PRB analysis generated significant press coverage and helped put Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) on U.S. policy radar screens. PRB staff were interviewed for feature stories by ABC News, Al Jazeera, The Guardian, and others. They also presented the findings at an informal U.S. congressional briefing.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 4C: continued</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>COMMUNICATIONS PROGRAMS (continued) - For the past 25 years, PRB has strengthened the capacity of journalists to understand and cover population, health, and gender issues. PRB model includes convening workshops where journalists learn from subject-matter experts, forming networks for ongoing knowledge sharing, mentoring reporters conducting study tours, and attending relevant conferences where the journalists produce stories.</ExplanationTxt>
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