2017-05-02T10:14:36-05:00 2016-06-30 450250958 EIDE BAILLY LLP 7001 E BELLEVIEW AVE STE 700 DENVER CO 80237 990 2015-07-01 455324193 CONTINUUM OF COLORADO INC CONT 3033606600 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 LLOYD F SWEET JR CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 3038582301 2017-04-25 1 KYLE FRITCH CPA P01313374 3037705700 2017-04-25 2015 2017-02-10 21:41:12Z LLOYD F SWEET JR 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 20243898 0 X N/A X 2012 CO PROVIDE QUALITY LIFETIME SERVICES & SUPPORTS TO INDIVIDUALS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 15 15 543 43 0 0 8917480 6851306 12587451 13391178 168 1414 0 0 21505099 20243898 0 0 0 0 10591121 11545258 0 0 0 8513982 8654636 19105103 20199894 2399996 44004 7887451 5732775 3987455 3092975 3899996 2639800 X TO PROVIDE QUALITY LIFETIME SERVICES AND SUPPORTS THAT FOCUS ON FLEXIBILITY, GREAT CUSTOMER SERVICE, AND HOW WE CAN BEST MEET THE NEEDS OF OUR CUSTOMERS. 0 0 9820511 7980801 RESIDENTIAL SERVICES- WE PROVIDE A PERSON CENTERED APPROACH TO PROVIDING RESIDENTIAL SERVICES AND OFFER A VARIETY OF PLACEMENTS WITH SUPERVISION AND INDEPENDENCE LEVELS TAILORED TO THE INDIVIDUAL STRENGTHS AND NEEDS OF THE PERSON SERVED. AS PART OF A HOLISTIC SERVICES APPROACH, THE RESIDENTIAL DEPARTMENT ENCOURAGES INVOLVEMENT WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS. EMPLOYEES COMPLETE A COMPREHENSIVE TRAINING PRIOR TO WORKING WITH INDIVIDUALS AND RECEIVE CONTINUAL EDUCATION THROUGHOUT THEIR EMPLOYMENT. THEY ARE COMMITTED TO ADDRESSING THE TOTAL NEEDS OF EACH INDIVIDUAL IN A TYPICAL HOME ENVIRONMENT. SETTINGS INCLUDE FAMILY CAREGIVER (SERVICES PROVIDED IN THE INDIVIDUALS HOME), HOST HOMES, APARTMENT SETTINGS AND GROUP HOMES. 1696116 1383788 DAY PROGRAM ACTIVITIES - OUR PROGRAMS SERVE ADULTS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AND THEIR ABILITIES RANGE OVER A BROAD SPECTRUM. WE OFFER A SAFE AND WELL SUPERVISED ENVIRONMENT (CLIENT TO STAFF RATIO 1:5 OR 2:7) WITH PREPLANNED MEANINGFUL ACTIVITIES TO MEET VARYING LEVELS OF INTEREST AND ABILITIES. OUR ACTIVITY SCHEDULES FOCUS ON VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES, PHYSICAL FITNESS, DAILY LIVING SKILLS, HOBBY DEVELOPMENT AND SENSORY EXPERIENCES. ACTIVITIES ARE PLANNED WITH FOCUS ON PERSONAL SKILLS MAINTENANCE AND DEVELOPMENT, CLIENT INDEPENDENCE, AS WELL AS SENSORY AND CULTURAL EXPERIENCES. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE QUALITY SERVICES AND MAXIMIZE THE BENEFIT TO THE INDIVIDUAL ATTENDING THESE PROGRAMS IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE CLIENT ATTEND A MINIMUM OF TWO DAYS PER WEEK. PROGRAM HOURS ARE 9AM- 3PM MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY. WE ALSO OFFER DAY PROGRAM ACTIVITIES TO SENIORS. WE PROVIDE A SAFE AND SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENT WITH TRAINED AND CARING STAFF; ACTIVITIES THAT ENCOURAGE MENTAL STIMULATION SUCH AS BINGO GAMES AND DISCUSSIONS GROUPS ON BOOKS, FILMS, CURRENT EVENTS; DAILY STRETCHING OR GENTLE EXERCISE; OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOCIALIZATION AND PERSONAL ENJOYMENT SUCH AS MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT, SING-A-LONGS AS WELL AS HOLIDAY AND BIRTHDAY CELEBRATIONS; CATERED HOT LUNCH. 1024836 1092169 HOME AND COMMUNITY SUPPORT - CONTINUUM OFFERS A RANGE OF ASSISTANCE TO ENABLE PARTICIPANTS TO ACCOMPLISH TASKS THAT THEY WOULD NORMALLY DO FOR THEMSELVES (HYGIENE, BATHING, EATING, DRESSING, GROOMING, BOWEL AND BLADDER CARE, MENSTRUAL CARE, MONEY MANAGEMENT, GROCERY SHOPPING), IF THEY DID NOT HAVE A DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY. THIS ASSISTANCE MAY TAKE THE FORM OF HANDS-ON ASSISTANCE (ACTUALLY PERFORMING A TASK FOR THE PERSON) OR CUING TO PROMPT THE PARTICIPANT TO PERFORM A TASK. PERSONAL CARE SERVICES MAY BE PROVIDED ON AN EPISODIC, EMERGENCY OR ON A CONTINUING BASIS. WHEN PERSONAL CARE AND HEALTH-RELATED SERVICES ARE NEEDED, THEY MAY BE COVERED TO THE EXTENT THE MEDICAID STATE PLAN, THIRD PARTY RESOURCE OR ANOTHER WAIVER SERVICE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE. 3950739 2934420 SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT - OUR SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM, COMMUNITY EMPLOYMENT SERVICES, PROMOTES LONG TERM RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE BUSINESS COMMUNITY AND INDIVIDUALS WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES. WE MATCH THE STAFFING REQUIREMENTS OF LOCAL COMPANIES WITH INDIVIDUALS WHO CAN MEET THEIR SPECIFIC NEEDS. OUR EMPLOYMENT CONSULTANT'S PARTNER WITH THE SUPERVISOR AND WORK ONE-ON-ONE WITH THE EMPLOYEE TO ENSURE THEY BECOME INDEPENDENT IN ALL ASPECTS OF THE JOB. AFTER INITIAL TRAINING IS COMPLETE THE EMPLOYMENT CONSULTANT WILL REMAIN INVOLVED AND PROVIDE ONGOING EMPLOYMENT SUPPORT REGULARLY. IN ADDITION TO JOB PLACEMENT AND TRAINING WE OFFER MANY OTHER SERVICES INCLUDING; VOCATIONAL ASSESSMENTS, WORK ADJUSTMENT TRAINING, SUPERVISED WORK CREWS, BUS TRAINING, RESUME PREPARATION, JOB SEEKING SKILLS, PERSONAL ADJUSTMENT TRAINING AND FOLLOW-ALONG. WORKSHOPS THAT TEACH INTERVIEWING SKILLS, JOB KEEPING SKILLS AND SOCIAL SKILLS ON THE JOB ARE ALSO AVAILABLE.PRE-VOCATIONAL EMPLOYMENT -IN THE PRE-VOCATIONAL EMPLOYMENT PROGRAM, INDIVIDUALS WORK IN A HIGHLY SUPERVISED AND STRUCTURED WORK SETTING WITH OTHER ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES. HERE THE INDIVIDUAL CAN LEARN TRADITIONAL SKILLS NECESSARY FOR EMPLOYMENT IN THE COMMUNITY. TO ASSIST IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYMENT SKILLS, INDIVIDUALS ATTEND CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION ON SOFT SKILLS AND ARE PAID FOR THEIR WORK PROVIDING ASSEMBLY AND PACKAGING SERVICES TO LOCAL BUSINESSES. AS THE INDIVIDUAL GAINS THE NECESSARY EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TO TRANSITION TO COMMUNITY EMPLOYMENT, ASSISTANCE IS PROVIDED BY COUNSELORS FROM THE STATE OF COLORADO'S DIVISION OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION AND EMPLOYMENT COORDINATION AGENCY.BEHAVIORAL SERVICES- ALL BEHAVIORAL SERVICES ARE DIRECTED BY A BOARD CERTIFIED BEHAVIOR ANALYST (BCBA), WHO WORKS COLLABORATIVELY WITH PARENTS AND OTHER SUPPORT STAFF TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT INTERVENTIONS THAT HAVE BEEN SCIENTIFICALLY RESEARCHED AND PROVEN EFFECTIVE. PROGRAMS ARE AVAILABLE TO SUPPORT YOUNG CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS FACED WITH BEHAVIOR CHALLENGES. TRANSPORTATION - PROVIDES RIDES FOR INDIVIDUALS TO AND FROM DAY PROGRAMS, SENIOR PROGRAMS AND JOB SITES. WE ALSO COORDINATE SERVICES FOR RTD BUS PASSES, ACCESS-A-RIDE AND TAXI CAB VOUCHERS. 3950739 2934420 16492202 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 22 0 1 543 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 15 15 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 CO X LLOYD F SWEET JR 3033606600 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 X TIMOTHY MOORE PRESIDENT 1.00 3.00 X X 0 0 0 JOANNE ZBOYAN VICE PRESIDENT 1.00 3.00 X X 0 0 0 BETH KLEIN TREASURER 1.00 3.00 X X 0 0 0 LYNN MYERS SECRETARY 1.00 3.00 X X 0 0 0 TIM BATZ DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 BILL HOLEN DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 CHRIS BECZE DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 ADAM HORNEY DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 MONIQUE PEYTON DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 BILL HORNER DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 MAYRE LYNN SCHMIT DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 JACK STIEGELMAR DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 DAVE WEAVER DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 KRISTIN HOOVER DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 ANDREW PITTS DIRECTOR 0.50 1.30 X 0 0 0 MELANIE WORLEY CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 5.70 34.30 X 0 223174 19821 LLOYD F SWEET JR CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 7.70 32.30 X 0 193398 12735 MATT VANAUKEN CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER 12.70 27.30 X 0 181925 20035 ALEXANDRIA MATTHEWS-LANPHER VICE PRESIDENT CONTIINUUM 40.00 X 102721 0 15681 102721 598497 68272 1 0 1 0 NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 MANAGEMENT SERVICES 3673246 1 6851306 6851306 RESIDENTIAL SERVICES 624100 7980801 7980801 EMPLOYMENT SERVICES/PREVOCATIONAL 624100 1594174 1594174 DAY PROGRAM ACTIVITIES 624100 1383788 1383788 HOME & COMMUNITY SUPPORT 624100 1092169 1092169 1340246 1340246 13391178 1414 1414 20243898 13391178 0 1414 9549356 9549356 1197541 1197541 798361 798361 3707692 3707692 15654 15654 17874 17874 1632594 1632594 394555 394555 885063 885063 132949 132949 30351 30351 309412 309412 118733 118733 CLIENT ASSISTANCE AND A 785157 785157 VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT M 273950 273950 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPM 165396 165396 DUE AND SUBSCRIPTIONS 36028 36028 149228 149228 20199894 16492202 3707692 0 1997884 1857461 1111410 1206566 130816 200587 1725871 245393 4589480 1480478 57861 987683 7887451 5732775 1010569 1242703 2976886 1850272 3987455 3092975 X 3899996 2639800 3899996 2639800 7887451 5732775 44004 -1304200 0 X 0 1 X 1 0 X 3049438 8876137 8917480 6851306 27694361 5493557 11586013 12587451 13391178 43058199 8542995 20462150 21504931 20242484 70752560 2973188 8697505 8838861 6851306 27360860 67180 261884 329064 3040368 8697505 8838861 7113190 27689924 43062636 168 1414 1582 168 1414 1582 8542995 20462150 21505099 20243898 70754142 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 502574 502574 499620 26050 473570 106248 48463 57785 463182 170880 292302 154247 154247 1480478 DUE FROM RELATED ORGANIZATION 108310 PROPERTY HELD FOR SALE 879373 987683 DUE TO RELATED ORGANIZATION 672950 CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS 294000 NOTE PAYABLE TO RELATED ORGANIZATION 883322 1850272 X 20243898 0 20243898 0 20243898 20199894 0 20199894 0 20199894 PART X, LINE 2: CONTINUUM OF COLORADO, INC. IS ORGANIZED AS A COLORADO NONPROFIT CORPORATION AND HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED BY THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE (IRS) AS EXEMPT FROM FEDERAL INCOME TAXES UNDER SECTION 501(A) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE AS AN ORGANIZATION DESCRIBED IN SECTION 501(C)(3), QUALIFIES FOR THE CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTION DEDUCTION UNDER SECTION 170(B)(1)(A)(VIII), AND HAS BEEN DETERMINED NOT TO BE A PRIVATE FOUNDATION UNDER SECTION 509(A)(2). WE ANNUALLY ARE REQUIRED TO FILE A RETURN OF ORGANIZATION EXEMPT FROM INCOME TAX (FORM 990) WITH THE IRS. IN ADDITION, WE ARE SUBJECT TO INCOME TAX ON NET INCOME THAT IS DERIVED FROM BUSINESS ACTIVITIES THAT ARE UNRELATED TO OUR EXEMPT PURPOSE. WE HAVE DETERMINED WE ARE NOT SUBJECT TO UNRELATED BUSINESS INCOME TAX AND HAVE NOT FILED AN EXEMPT ORGANIZATION BUSINESS INCOME TAX RETURN (FORM 990-T) WITH THE IRS. X X X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MELANIE WORLEY CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 0 221118 0 0 0 2056 0 9084 0 10738 0 242996 0 0 LLOYD F SWEET JR CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER 0 190767 0 0 0 2631 0 7644 0 5091 0 206133 0 0 MATT VANAUKEN CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER 0 176386 0 0 0 5539 0 5581 0 14453 0 201959 0 0 SCHEDULE J, PART II: THE COMPENSATION PAID TO THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, AND CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER IS PAID FOR BY NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO, A RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO USES THE FORM 990 OF COMPARABLE ORGANIZATIONS, A COMPENSATION SURVEY, AND APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO ESTABLISH COMPENSATION AMOUNTS FOR THE CHEIF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, AND APPROVAL BY THE CHEIF EXECUTIVE OFFICER TO ESTABLISH COMPENSATION AMOUNTS FOR THE CHEIF FINANCIAL OFFICER, AND CHEIF OPERATING OFFICER. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 THE BOARD MEMBERS HAVE A BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP WITH MELANIE WORLEY, LLOYD SWEET, AND MATTHEW VANAUKEN WHO ARE OFFICERS OF A RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 3 NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO, A RELATED EXEMPT ORGANIZATION, PERFORMED MANAGEMENT DUTIES INCLUDING HUMAN RESOURCES, FINANCE, IT, TRAINING, FACILITIES MANAGEMENT, AND COMMUNICATION SERVICES. SEE FORM 990, PART VII FOR COMPENSATION PAID BY THE RELATED MANAGEMENT COMPANY. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 8B THE ORGANIZATION DOES NOT HAVE ANY COMMITTEES WITH THE AUTHORITY TO ACT ON BEHALF OF THE GOVERNING BODY. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 THE TAX ACCOUNTANT PREPARES A DRAFT OF THE FORM 990 WHICH IS REVIEWED BY THE VP OF FINANCE AND THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. ONCE ALL REVIEW COMMENTS AND QUESTIONS ARE CLEARED, THE FORM IS PRESENTED TO THE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR APPROVAL. A COPY OF THE TAX RETURN IS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THEIR REVIEW PRIOR TO FILING WITH THE IRS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C EACH MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS OF THE ORGANIZATION ARE ASKED TO SIGN A CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT ANNUALLY. THE BOARD MEMBERS ARE ASK TO DISCLOSE NEW CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AT EACH BOARD MEETING. POTENTIAL CONFLICTS ARE REVIEWED BY THE CFO. ANY DIRECTORS WITH A CONFLICT OR INTEREST SHALL NOT VOTE OR PROVIDE ANY INFLUENCE ON THE CONFLICTING MATTER. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 COMPENSATION PAID TO THE ORGANIZATION'S TOP MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS AND OTHER KEY EMPLOYEES IS PAID BY NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO, A RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO USES THE FORM 990 OF OTHER SIMILAR ORGANIZATIONS, A COMPENSATION SURVEY, AND APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO ESTABLISH THE COMPENSATION AMOUNTS FOR THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER USES THE SAME COMPARABILITY DATA DESCRIBED ABOVE, TO DETERMINE THE COMPENSATION PAID TO OTHER TOP MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS AND KEY EMPLOYEES. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUESTS. FORM 990, PART VII, SECTION A: THE COMPENSATION PAID TO THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER, AND THE CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER IS PAID FOR BY NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO (NMSC), A RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. IN ADDITION TO PROVIDING SERVICES TO CONTINUUM OF COLORADO, INC. THE TOP MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS LISTED ABOVE ALSO PROVIDE SERVICES IN THEIR RESPECTIVE POSITIONS TO OTHER RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS. ALTHOUGH COMPENSATION IS PAID FROM NMSC, THE AMOUNTS REPORTED ON FORM 990, PART VII, SECTION A REPRESENT COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS PAID TO THESE INDIVIDUALS AND CHARGED TO THE RESPECTIVE COMPANIES FOR THEIR SERVICES PROVIDED TO THE FILING ORGANIZATION AS WELL AS OTHER RELATED TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS. PROVIDED BELOW IS BREAKDOWN OF COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS PAID TO THESE INDIVIDUALS FOR THEIR SERVICES PROVIDED TO EACH TAX-EXEMPT ORGANIZATION. CEO CFO COO COMP./BENF. COMP./BENF. COMP./BENF. DP HOUSING CORP. I,II,III $1,822 $1,545 $1,514 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS, INC. $157,947 $51,533 $95,931 NMSC $24,300 $103,067 $35,343 CONTINUUM OF COLORADO, INC. $34,627 $39,681 $64,122 SUN FOUNDATION $24,300 $10,307 $5,049 ------- ------- ------- TOTAL COMPENSATION & BENEFITS $242,996 $206,133 $201,959 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 840534643 PROGRAMS AND SERVICES FOR THE DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CO 501(C)(3) LINE 9 N/A 0 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS HOUSING CORP II 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 317148624 OPERATION OF A RESIDENTIAL FACILITY FOR DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CO 501(C)(3) LINE 9 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 0 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS HOUSING CORP III 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 311706977 OPERATION OF A RESIDENTIAL FACILITY FOR DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CO 501(C)(3) LINE 9 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 0 NONPROFIT MANAGEMENT SERVICES OF COLORADO 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 462621607 SUPPORT ACTIVITIES OF DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS, INC. CO 501(C)(3) LINE 11A, I DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 0 SUN FOUNDATION 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 462917158 FUNDRAISING & COMMUNITY OUTREACH FOR DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CO 501(C)(3) LINE 7 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 0 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS HOUSING CORP I 325 INVERNESS DRIVE SOUTH ENGLEWOOD CO 80112 317148624 OPERATION OF A RESIDENTIAL FACILITY FOR DEVELOPMENTALLY DISABLED CO 501(C)(3) LINE 9 DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAYS INC 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0