2017-05-15T17:48:20-05:00 2016-06-30 721202445 POSTLETHWAITE & NETTERVILLE ONE GALLERIA BLVD STE 2100 METAIRIE LA 70001 990 2015-07-01 720954712 LOUISIANA MUSEUM FOUNDATION LOUI 5045580493 1000 BOURBON STREET NO B429 NEW ORLEANS LA 70116 SUSAN H MACLAY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 5045580493 2017-05-15 1 SHARON CASSIERE P00543368 5048375990 2015 2021-01-29 14:40:06Z SUSAN H MACLAY 1000 BOURBON STREET NO B429 NEW ORLEANS LA 70116 911325 0 X HTTP://WWW.THELMF.ORG/ X 1981 LA TO RAISE AWARENESS, GENERATE SUPPORT, AND ADMINISTER FUNDING FOR THE LOUISIANA STATE MUSEUM. 34 34 16 25 0 0 980820 707735 54980 50289 161411 6434 -39520 14766 1157691 779224 0 0 0 0 284778 263970 0 0 18884 741975 634030 1026753 898000 130938 -118776 2889288 2846438 26704 27256 2862584 2819182 X TO PRESERVE AND PROMOTE LOUISIANA'S HISTORY AND CULTURE BY ADMINISTERING GIFTS, GRANTS, AND CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE LOUISIANA STATE MUSEUM (LSM) BY ASSISTING THE MUSEUM IN RAISING FUNDS AND BY MARKETING THE MUSEUM'S PROGRAMS AND SERVICES TO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR COLLECTIONS, EXHIBITS, MUSEUM FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL PUBLIC OUTREACH, AND OTHER PROGRAMMING FOR THE LSM. 0 0 267317 EXHIBITION SUPPORT: IN FISCAL YEAR (FY) 2015-2016, THE LOUISIANA MUSEUM FOUNDATION (LMF) PROVIDED THE FOLLOWING SUPPORT FOR LSM EXHIBITIONS INCLUDING:1. LIVING WITH HURRICANES: KATRINA AND BEYOND (PRESBYTERE, NEW ORLEANS)-EXHIBIT REPAIRS AND TRAVELING EXHIBIT BANNER STANDS.2. THE MURALS OF CLEMENTINE HUNTER (LOUISIANA SPORTS HALL OF FAME AND NORTHWEST LOUISIANA HISTORY MUSEUM, NATCHITOCHES) -PROVIDED FOR THE PRINTING OF EXHIBIT RACK CARDS.3. FROM THE BIG APPLE TO THE BIG EASY: TWO CARNIVAL ARTISTS IN NEW YORK (PRESBYTERE, NEW ORLEANS)-ADMINISTRATION OF FUNDING RAISED BY OUR SISTER ORGANIZATION, THE FRIENDS OF THE CABILDO TO FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF A 28-PAGE EXHIBIT CATALOGUE.4. THE LOUISIANA SPORTS HALL OF FAME INDUCTEES AND HOME TOWN TEAM DISPLAYS (LOUISIANA SPORTS HALL OF FAME AND NORTHWEST LOUISIANA HISTORY MUSEUM, NATCHITOCHES) - ADMINISTRATION OF FUNDING PROVIDED BY THE LOUISIANA SPORTS HALL OF FAME FOUNDATION FOR THE ANNUAL CREATION OF THE LOUISIANA SPORTS HALL OF FAME INDUCTEES EXHIBIT THAT ACKNOWLEDGES INCOMING STATE SPORTS HALL OF FAME HONOREES AND FOR FABRICATION, INSTALLATION, AND MARKETING OF THE HOMETOWN TEAMS EXHIBITION.5. FROM "DIRTY SHIRTS" TO BUCCANEERS: THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS IN AMERICAN CULTURE (CABILDO, NEW ORLEANS) - ENABLED THE RETURN OF THE UNIFORM COAT ANDREW JACKSON WORE WHILE LEADING TROOPS AT THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS TO THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN HISTORY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION THAT WAS ON LOAN AT THE CABILDO UNTIL JANUARY OF 2016. 6. JAZZ EXHIBIT (OLD U.S. MINT, NEW ORLEANS-FABRICATION AND INSTALLATION OF CURRENT EXHIBITIONS.7. THE NEW ORLEANS JAZZ MUSEUM (OLD U.S. MINT, NEW ORLEANS; FORTHCOMING) LMF CONTINUED TO FUND A PROJECT DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANT TO ASSIST IN PLANNING AND SETTING THE GROUND WORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW JAZZ MUSEUM AT THE OLD U.S. MINT WHICH WILL FEATURE EDUCATIONAL GALLERIES, CHANGING AND PERMANENT EXHIBITION GALLERIES, AND OTHER ATTRACTIONS. LMF COLLABORATED WITH LSM'S JAZZ COLLECTION CURATOR EMERITUS FOR GLOBAL EXPOSURE OF THE PROJECT. 8. SOUL OF THE SOUTH: SELECTIONS FROM THE GITTER-YELEN COLLECTION (OLD U.S. MINT, NEW ORLEANS; OPENED NOVEMBER 2015)-LMF PROVIDED FOR THE FABRICATION AND INSTALLATION OF THIS NEW CHANGING EXHIBIT. THE EXHIBITION HAS MORE THAN 60 PIECES OF CONTEMPORARY SOUTHERN ART BY 34 SELF-TAUGHT ARTISTS. 9. ALBRIZIO MURAL (CAPITOL PARK MUSEUM, BATON ROUGE; SEPTEMBER 21, 2015) -UNVEILING OF THE MASSIVE HISTORIC MURAL MOSAIC, ENTITLED "HEALTH AND HAPPINESS," THAT ONCE ADORNED THE FISCHER BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CENTER IN ALGIERS THAT WAS SLATED FOR DEMOLITION. THE 245-SQUARE-FOOT PIECE IS THE LARGEST REMAINING ALBRIZIO MOSAIC IN LOUISIANA. PROVIDED FOR OTHER NEEDS IN SUPPORT OF LSM'S EXHIBITS AND FOR REPAIRS TO THE 1850 HOUSE MUSEUM. 153599 COLLECTIONS & MUSEUM CONSERVATION SUPPORT: IN FY 2015-2016, LMF PROVIDED SUPPORT FOR THE CONSERVATION OF ARTIFACTS IN THE MUSEUM'S COLLECTIONS.LMF CONTINUED TO ADMINISTER GRANTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO ADVANCE LSM'S MULTI-YEAR COLONIAL DOCUMENTS DIGITIZATION AND ONLINE PUBLICATION PROJECT, WHICH WILL PERMANENTLY PRESERVE AND PROVIDE FREE INTERNET ACCESS TO THE CONTENTS OF LOUISIANA'S COLONIAL FRENCH AND SPANISH JUDICIAL RECORDS ARCHIVE. LMF CONTINUED TO ADMINISTER AND CLOSED A NATIONAL CENTER FOR PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY AND TRAINING GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FOR THE STUDY OF A SOLUTION TO MASONRY DAMAGE FROM SALT INTRUSION AT MADAME JOHN'S LEGACY IN NEW ORLEANS. THE PROJECT, WHICH CONCLUDED IN FY 2015-2016, DEVELOPED AND TESTED A TREATMENT PROTOCOL TO ADDRESS DAMAGE TO HISTORIC BRICK-AND-MORTAR STRUCTURES, AN ARCHITECTURAL PRESERVATION ISSUE OF GLOBAL CONCERN. 117304 PUBLIC PROGRAMS, EDUCATION OUTREACH, AND MARKETING: IN FY 2015-2016, LMF CONTINUED TO ADMINISTER A PATRICK TAYLOR FOUNDATION GRANT FOR THE CREATION/PUBLICATION OF AN EDUCATIONAL GRAPHIC NOVEL FOR SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN IN CONNECTION WITH LSM'S BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS EXHIBITION.LMF PROVIDED FUNDING FOR THE LOUISIANA STATE MUSEUM'S DELIVERY OF PUBLIC AND EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH PROGRAMMING AND TO MARKET MUSEUM SERVICES, COLLECTIONS, FACILITIES, AND PROJECTS. LMF ALSO COORDINATED MUSEUM MARKETING EVENTS.LMF CONTINUED TO ADMINISTER A THREE YEAR GRANT ENABLING LSM'S DELIVERY OF PUBLIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMING EXAMINING THE HISTORY OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN LOUISIANA.LMF CONTINUED TO ADMINISTER A MAJOR DONATION THAT ENABLED LSM TO KEEP THE READING ROOM OF LSM'S LOUISIANA HISTORICAL CENTER OPEN TO THE PUBLIC TO ENSURE PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE MAPS, MANUSCRIPTS, AND OTHER RESEARCH MATERIALS HOUSED IN THE ARCHIVE.LMF CONTINUED ITS ROLE IN ASSUMING RESPONSIBILITY OF LSM'S MOST POPULAR PUBLIC OUTREACH PROGRAM-MUSIC AT THE MINT BY COORDINATING, BOOKING, AND CONTRACTING WITH ALL PERFORMERS, PROMOTING ALL PERFORMANCES, AND HANDLING TICKET AND CONCESSION SALES. LMF PUBLISHED LA MUSEE, A PROFESSIONALLY WRITTEN AND DESIGNED FULL-COLOR MAGAZINE SPOTLIGHTING LSM'S HISTORIC PROPERTIES AND COLLECTIONS, SPECIAL PROJECTS, AND INNOVATIVE PROGRAMS AND SERVICES THAT IS CIRCULATED TO LSM/LMF SUPPORTERS AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC.LMF PROVIDED FOR WEB DEVELOPMENT SERVICES AND FOR WEB HOSTING FOR SEVERAL LSM WEBSITES INCLUDING LOUISIANASTATEMUSEUM.ORG, MUSICATTHEMINT.ORG AND LACOLONIALDOCS.ORG FOR THE LOUISIANA COLONIAL DOCUMENTS PROJECT, AND PRODUCTION OF A PODCAST TO EXPAND LSM'S ONLINE PRESENCE, EXPOSING REMOTE AUDIENCES TO THE MUSEUM'S COLLECTIONS, FACILITIES, AND PUBLIC PROGRAMS.LMF PROMOTED AND HELPED TO HOST FESTIVALS, INCLUDING DOWNRIVER FESTIVAL, HELD AT LSM'S OLD U.S. MINT.LMF HOSTED A VALENTINE DANCE PARTY TO PROMOTE LSM AND ITS CABILDO TO A YOUNGER ADULT AUDIENCE.LMF PARTICIPATED IN A BUSINESS AFTER-HOURS EVENT AT THE OLD U.S. MINT TO PROMOTE LSM. LMF PARTICIPATED IN ITS FIRST GIVENOLA DAY, A 24-HOUR, ONLINE GIVING EVENT ORGANIZED TO IGNITE THE GIVING COMMUNITY IN SOUTHEAST LOUISIANA PRIMARILY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE NEW ORLEANS JAZZ MUSEUM PROJECT. LMF ALSO HOSTED AN OPEN HOUSE ON THIS DAY TO PROMOTE THE LSM'S MADAME JOHN'S LEGACY.LMF ORGANIZED AND HOSTED AN ANNUAL MEETING OF ITS MEMBERSHIP TO PROMOTE THE LSM'S WORK TO THE MUSEUM'S MOST COMMITTED SUPPORTERS AND STAUNCHEST ADVOCATES.LMF PROVIDED FOR THE PUBLICATION OF FRENCH QUARTER FIVE FLYERS HIGHLIGHTING LSM'S FIVE MUSEUMS IN THE FRENCH QUARTER AND LSM PROPERTIES IN OTHER PARTS OF THE STATE THAT ARE DISTRIBUTED IN EACH MUSEUM. 210460 50289 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AND OTHER PROGRAM SUPPORT: LMF PROVIDED FINANCIAL SERVICES INCLUDING BOOKKEEPING, ACCOUNTING, AUDITS, FUND MANAGEMENT, PROGRAM BUDGET ANALYSIS, GRANT ADMINISTRATION, INVESTMENT AND CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION FOR CONSULTING AND VENDOR SERVICES FOR LSM PROGRAMMING AND PROJECTS.LMF ALSO PROVIDED FUND DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, GRANTS AND PROPOSAL WRITING, AND DONOR CULTIVATION AND RECOGNITION FOR LSM PROGRAMMING AND PROJECTS. 210460 50289 748680 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 18 0 1 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 X 34 34 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 X CAROL L BADILLA 5045580493 632 DUMAINE STREET NEW ORLEANS LA 70116 HERSCHEL L ABBOTT JR DIRECTOR 0.00 X 0 0 0 RALPH O BRENNAN DIRECTOR 1.50 X 0 0 0 ASHLEY W S BRIGHT DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 KATHERINE CASBARIAN DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 J STOREY CHARBONNET DIRECTOR 0.10 X 0 0 0 DOROTHY M CLYNE DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 JENNIFER M COLE DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 MARIAN G CUNNINGHAM DIRECTOR 0.80 X 0 0 0 BENJAMIN A DUPUY DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 DAVID GUIDRY DIRECTOR 0.00 X 0 0 0 DANA M HANSEL DIRECTOR 1.00 X 0 0 0 JULI MILLER HART DIRECTOR 5.00 X 0 0 0 ELIZABETH BALDWIN HEFLER DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 MARY H HINES DIRECTOR 0.50 X 0 0 0 WILLIAM H HINES DIRECTOR 0.10 X 0 0 0 JOY NALTY HODGES DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 HENRY M LAMBERT DIRECTOR 0.10 X 0 0 0 PHILIP HODGES DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 DENNIS P LAUSCHA DIRECTOR 0.00 X 0 0 0 KATHLEEN D PARKE DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 ROBERT J PATRICK DIRECTOR 0.10 X 0 0 0 RANSDELL GRACE PRIEUR DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 ANNE B REILY DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 TIA NOLAN RODDY DIRECTOR 0.20 X 0 0 0 ALEXANDER A SHESHUNOFF DIRECTOR 3.00 X 0 0 0 BENJAMIN B TILLER DIRECTOR 1.50 X 0 0 0 THOMAS P WESTERVELT DIRECTOR 0.50 X 0 0 0 JULIE F BREITMEYER MEMBER AT LARGE 2.50 X 0 0 0 PHILIP M WOLLAM MEMBER AT LARGE 3.00 X 0 0 0 ANNE FLOWER REDD MEMBER AT LARGE 4.00 X 0 0 0 F RIVERS LELONG JR SECRETARY 3.00 X X 0 0 0 MELISSA DOUGLAS STEINER TREASURER 2.50 X X 0 0 0 E TIFFANY ADLER VICE PRESIDENT 0.20 X X 0 0 0 GARY H BREWSTER PRESIDENT 4.00 X X 0 0 0 SUSAN H MACLAY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 40.00 X 83668 0 2510 83668 0 2510 0 0 0 0 0 73970 88967 125816 418982 17707 707735 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FEE 900099 50289 50289 50289 67632 67632 61198 -61198 -61198 -61198 85669 88967 70903 14766 14766 779224 50289 0 21200 87233 38678 42326 6229 153851 68651 74331 10869 2736 955 1516 265 1104 282 616 206 19046 8711 9020 1315 12700 12700 20752 20752 2434 2434 4684 4684 6339 6339 848 848 9637 9637 2610 2610 EXHIBITS EXPENSE 266791 266791 COLLECTIONS AND MUSEUM 153097 153097 PUBLIC PROGRAMS/EDUCATI 85030 85030 OTHER PROGRAM SUPPORT 50938 50938 18170 15543 2627 898000 748680 130436 18884 209293 38047 404047 418076 12715 32436 6342 6158 112931 100119 21868 12812 2234686 2337887 337 1022 2889288 2846438 26704 27256 26704 27256 X 1102798 931879 1759786 1887303 2862584 2819182 2889288 2846438 -118776 75374 0 X X 0 1 X 1 0 X 835264 832508 899759 980820 707735 4256086 835264 832508 899759 980820 707735 4256086 30326 4225760 48133 57680 61775 65057 67632 300277 536 45187 14766 60489 4616852 163232 0.91530 0.93510 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 1952040 76623 20747 2007916 1942173 30093 20226 1952040 1679617 280769 18213 1942173 1573866 117130 11379 1679617 1553264 33739 13137 1573866 0.24790 0.00000 0.75210 0 0 112931 100119 12812 12812 X 907794 75374 53196 128570 779224 0 779224 951196 53196 53196 898000 0 898000 PART V, LINE 4: THE MUSEUM ENDOWMENT FUND WAS CREATED BY THE BOARD TO ACCUMULATE $3,000,000 FOR MUSEUM SUPPORT. REVENUE AND OTHER SUPPORT FOR THE FUND CONSIST OF CONTRIBUTIONS, INVESTMENT INCOME, AND TRANSFER OF EXCESS FUNDS FROM OTHER TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED OR UNRESTRICTED FUNDS AS THE BOARD AUTHORIZES. PART X, LINE 2: THE FOUNDATION FOLLOWS THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES TOPIC OF THE FASB ACCOUNTING STANDARDS CODIFICATION. ALL TAX RETURNS HAVE BEEN APPROPRIATELY FILED BY THE FOUNDATION. THE FOUNDATION RECOGNIZES INTEREST AND PENALTIES, IF ANY, RELATED TO UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS IN INCOME TAX EXPENSE. THE FOUNDATION'S TAX FILINGS ARE SUBJECT TO AUDIT BY VARIOUS TAXING AUTHORITIES. MANAGEMENT EVALUATED THE FOUNDATION'S TAX POSITION AND CONCLUDED THAT THE FOUNDATION HAS TAKEN NO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS THAT REQUIRE ADJUSTMENT TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS GUIDANCE. THE FOUNDATION'S 2016 TAX RETURN HAS NOT BEEN FILED AS OF THE REPORT DATE. PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSES SEPARATELY STATED 53,196. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: SPECIAL EVENT EXPENSES SEPARATELY STATED 53,196. GASTRO GALA 174636 88967 85669 10653 28817 5175 26258 174636 88967 85669 10653 28817 5175 26258 70903 14766 X 1 1200 FAIR MARKET VALUE X GIFT CARDS/CERTIFICATES 10 12849 FAIR MARKET VALUE X COLLECTIBLES 3 3658 FAIR MARKET VALUE 0 0 0 0 PART I, COLUMN (B): THE ORGANIZATION IS REPORTING THE NUMBER OF INSTANCES ITEMS WERE CONTRIBUTED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 1 THE ORGANIZATION'S BYLAWS EMPOWER THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TO MAKE BINDING ACTIONS ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD IN BETWEEN BOARD MEETINGS. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE REPORTS ALL DECISIONS MADE TO THE FULL BOARD, AND THE FULL BOARD AFFIRMS THE DECISIONS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 F. RIVERS LELONG, HERSCHEL ABBOTT, AND WILLIAM HINES HAVE A BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP. WILLIAM HINES AND MARY HINES HAVE A FAMILY RELATIONSHIP. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 6 THE ORGANIZATION HAS VOTING GENERAL, ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE MEMBERSHIP, MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNING BODY ARE ELECTED BY THE VOTING GENERAL, ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11 THE RETURN IS PREPARED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S CPA FIRM BASED ON INFORMATION PROVIDED TO THEM BY THE ORGANIZATION. ONCE COMPLETE, THE RETURN IS REVIEWED BY THE FINANCE MANAGER, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, AND THE BOARD TREASURER. AFTER ALL, IF ANY, QUESTIONS HAVE BEEN RESOLVED, THE RETURN IS SENT TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW BEFORE IT IS FILED. THE RETURN IS SIGNED BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR FILING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C A CONFLICT OF INTEREST PLEDGE FORM IS SIGNED ANNUALLY BY BOARD MEMBERS. ANY NOTED CONFLICTS CAUSE A MEMBER TO RECUSE HIMSELF/HERSELF FROM VOTING ON THE ISSUE(S) CAUSING CONFLICTS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A THE ORGANIZATION SUBMITS A CURRENT YEAR OPERATING BUDGET TO THE FINANCE COMMITTEE. ONCE THE FINANCE COMMITTEE HAS REVIEWED IT AND PROVIDED INPUT, THE ANNUAL BUDGET THEN GOES TO EITHER THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OR TO THE FULL BOARD FOR REVIEW AND APPROVAL. IN THE ANNUAL BUDGET, THERE IS USUALLY A COST-OF-LIVING ALLOWANCE INCREASE IN SALARIES INCLUDED, TYPICALLY 1.5-3%, IF THE ORGANIZATION'S INCOME IS SUFFICIENT. AGAIN, ONLY IF THE ORGANIZATION'S INCOME IS SUFFICIENT, AND IF WARRANTED, THERE MAY BE ADDITIONAL INCREASES OR BONUSES. THE FINANCE COMMITTEE RESEARCHES COMPARATIVE SALARIES TO HELP DETERMINE AND SET COMPENSATION AMOUNTS. IF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE APPROVES THE BUDGET, IT IS THEN PRESENTED TO THE FULL BOARD, THOUGH THE FULL BOARD DOES NOT NEED TO APPROVE THE BUDGET IF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE HAS ALREADY DONE SO. IF INCREASES ARE BEING GRANTED, IT IS CLEARLY STATED IN THE PERTINENT BOARD MINUTES. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 ALL INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C: THERE HAVE BEEN NO CHANGES FROM THE PRIOR YEAR IN THE OVERSIGHT OR SELECTION PROCESSES FOR THE AUDIT THAT THE ORGANIZATION'S COMMITTEE USES.