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        <Desc>Distribute appropriate orthopaedic implants:The SIGN IM Nail and Interlocking System is designed for use in hospitals in developing countries where C-arms and reliable power are not available. SIGN Engineers continually develop new orthopaedic instruments and implants in response to the needs described by the local surgeons. In 2018, we distributed several new products including drill covers and a new plating system that can reach more areas of the bone. SIGN Engineers also made progress on a linear clamp for use with femur and pelvic fractures.We supply new programs with the SIGN IM Nail System, which surgeons use to repair severe fractures in the femur, tibia, and humerus. Once a program has demonstrated its ability to report their cases, including adequate follow-up that confirms their results comply with our expectations, they become eligible to receive additional SIGN Products, as well as in-kind donations received from for-profit orthopaedic implant companies.In 2018, we distributed 24,145 SIGN Nails to 50 countries. Our aim is to enable the poor to gain access to affordable orthopaedic surgery, which means that the majority of our implants are donated free of charge to the patient.We started 12 new SIGN Programs in 2018. The breakdown was as follows: Africa: 8 programs Asia: 3 programs South America: 1 programAs of December 31, 2018, the World Bank income classifications by GNI for the countries with new SIGN Programs were as follows: Low Income 50%, Lower Middle Income 42%, and Upper Middle Income 8%.Disaster and conflict response:We believe in equality of fracture care for all, regardless of gender, religion, political affiliation, or any other identity. In 2018, SIGN partnered with US-based NGO, ANERA, to begin the process of getting government approval to send a SIGN IM Nail System to Gaza. We also started a SIGN Program at Jigjiga University Meles Referral Hospital in Ethiopia, which treats a high number of refugees from Somaliland, as well as soldiers who work at the border.</Desc>
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        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Patrick Yoon MD</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Board Member</TitleTxt>
        <AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
        <IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>David Shearer MD</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Board Member</TitleTxt>
        <AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
        <IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Jeanne Dillner</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Secretary /Treasurer</TitleTxt>
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        <OfficerInd>X</OfficerInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>141285</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>12567</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Joel Gillard</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Senior R&amp;D Engineer</TitleTxt>
        <AverageHoursPerWeekRt>40.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
        <HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>X</HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>115759</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>13703</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Robert Schmitt</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Regulatory Affairs / Quali</TitleTxt>
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        <HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>X</HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>
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        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>11908</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Terry Smith</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Engineering Manager</TitleTxt>
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        <HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>X</HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>129279</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>5459</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
        <PersonNm>Sandra Brown</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Business Admin Manager</TitleTxt>
        <AverageHoursPerWeekRt>40.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
        <HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>X</HighestCompensatedEmployeeInd>
        <ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>101778</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
        <ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationAmt>19464</OtherCompensationAmt>
      </Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
      <TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt>596397</TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
      <TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt>0</TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt>
      <TotalOtherCompensationAmt>63101</TotalOtherCompensationAmt>
      <IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>5</IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>
      <FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd>0</FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd>
      <TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd>1</TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd>
      <CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd>0</CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd>
      <CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>0</CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>
      <FundraisingAmt>252653</FundraisingAmt>
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      <NoncashContributionsAmt>1416789</NoncashContributionsAmt>
      <TotalContributionsAmt>3573413</TotalContributionsAmt>
      <ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
        <Desc>Implant Revenue</Desc>
        <BusinessCd>339110</BusinessCd>
        <TotalRevenueColumnAmt>805101</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
        <RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>805101</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
      </ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
      <ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
        <Desc>Other Revenue</Desc>
        <BusinessCd>541900</BusinessCd>
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        <RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>16442</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
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      <ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
        <Desc>Training Conference</Desc>
        <BusinessCd>611430</BusinessCd>
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        <RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>9985</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
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      <TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt>831528</TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt>
      <InvestmentIncomeGrp>
        <TotalRevenueColumnAmt>163467</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
        <ExclusionAmt>163467</ExclusionAmt>
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      <GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp>
        <SecuritiesAmt>2782389</SecuritiesAmt>
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      <LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp>
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      <GainOrLossGrp>
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        <OtherAmt>-13075</OtherAmt>
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      <NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp>
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        <ExclusionAmt>427775</ExclusionAmt>
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      <FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt>55805</FundraisingGrossIncomeAmt>
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      <NetIncmFromFundraisingEvtGrp>
        <TotalRevenueColumnAmt>-24986</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
        <ExclusionAmt>-24986</ExclusionAmt>
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      <TotalRevenueGrp>
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        <UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt>0</UnrelatedBusinessRevenueAmt>
        <ExclusionAmt>566256</ExclusionAmt>
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      <ForeignGrantsGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>143435</ProgramServicesAmt>
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      <CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>112750</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>30250</FundraisingAmt>
      </CompCurrentOfcrDirectorsGrp>
      <OtherSalariesAndWagesGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>1650787</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>280615</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>264498</FundraisingAmt>
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      <FeesForSrvcInvstMgmntFeesGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>25500</ProgramServicesAmt>
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      <FeesForServicesOtherGrp>
        <TotalAmt>74277</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>33503</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>17895</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>22879</FundraisingAmt>
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      <OccupancyGrp>
        <TotalAmt>73083</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>55021</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>8402</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>9660</FundraisingAmt>
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      <TravelGrp>
        <TotalAmt>64793</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>59399</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>916</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>4478</FundraisingAmt>
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      <ConferencesMeetingsGrp>
        <TotalAmt>165723</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>165723</ProgramServicesAmt>
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      <DepreciationDepletionGrp>
        <TotalAmt>72431</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>65229</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>2265</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>4937</FundraisingAmt>
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      <InsuranceGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>9670</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>1618</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>1733</FundraisingAmt>
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      <OtherExpensesGrp>
        <Desc>Cost of Product Distrib</Desc>
        <TotalAmt>1694150</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>1694150</ProgramServicesAmt>
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      <OtherExpensesGrp>
        <Desc>Supplies</Desc>
        <TotalAmt>1412432</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>1360095</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>7907</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>44430</FundraisingAmt>
      </OtherExpensesGrp>
      <OtherExpensesGrp>
        <Desc>Shipping</Desc>
        <TotalAmt>99236</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>99236</ProgramServicesAmt>
      </OtherExpensesGrp>
      <OtherExpensesGrp>
        <Desc>Dues, Fees and Taxes</Desc>
        <TotalAmt>45863</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>9067</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>27085</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>9711</FundraisingAmt>
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      <AllOtherExpensesGrp>
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        <ProgramServicesAmt>82057</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>17223</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>11841</FundraisingAmt>
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      <TotalFunctionalExpensesGrp>
        <TotalAmt>6333965</TotalAmt>
        <ProgramServicesAmt>5565622</ProgramServicesAmt>
        <ManagementAndGeneralAmt>363926</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
        <FundraisingAmt>404417</FundraisingAmt>
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      <CashNonInterestBearingGrp>
        <BOYAmt>64967</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>150413</EOYAmt>
      </CashNonInterestBearingGrp>
      <SavingsAndTempCashInvstGrp>
        <BOYAmt>2162573</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>3118877</EOYAmt>
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      <PledgesAndGrantsReceivableGrp>
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        <EOYAmt>855490</EOYAmt>
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      <AccountsReceivableGrp>
        <BOYAmt>505911</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>80496</EOYAmt>
      </AccountsReceivableGrp>
      <InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp>
        <BOYAmt>946598</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>1116328</EOYAmt>
      </InventoriesForSaleOrUseGrp>
      <PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp>
        <BOYAmt>32426</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>65225</EOYAmt>
      </PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp>
      <LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt>3275351</LandBldgEquipCostOrOtherBssAmt>
      <LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt>2331031</LandBldgEquipAccumDeprecAmt>
      <LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp>
        <BOYAmt>1109467</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>944320</EOYAmt>
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      <InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp>
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        <EOYAmt>3305392</EOYAmt>
      </InvestmentsPubTradedSecGrp>
      <IntangibleAssetsGrp>
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        <EOYAmt>15465</EOYAmt>
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      <TotalAssetsGrp>
        <BOYAmt>11692188</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>9652006</EOYAmt>
      </TotalAssetsGrp>
      <AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp>
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        <EOYAmt>283605</EOYAmt>
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      <TotalLiabilitiesGrp>
        <BOYAmt>238375</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>283605</EOYAmt>
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      <OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind>X</OrganizationFollowsSFAS117Ind>
      <UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp>
        <BOYAmt>9534262</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>8111450</EOYAmt>
      </UnrestrictedNetAssetsGrp>
      <TemporarilyRstrNetAssetsGrp>
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        <EOYAmt>1256951</EOYAmt>
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      <TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
        <BOYAmt>11453813</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>9368401</EOYAmt>
      </TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
      <TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
        <BOYAmt>11692188</BOYAmt>
        <EOYAmt>9652006</EOYAmt>
      </TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
      <ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt>-1362768</ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt>
      <NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt>-722644</NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt>
      <OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt>0</OtherChangesInNetAssetsAmt>
      <InfoInScheduleOPartXIIInd>X</InfoInScheduleOPartXIIInd>
      <MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>X</MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>
      <AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>0</AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>
      <FSAuditedInd>1</FSAuditedInd>
      <FSAuditedBasisGrp>
        <SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>X</SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>
      </FSAuditedBasisGrp>
      <AuditCommitteeInd>1</AuditCommitteeInd>
      <FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>0</FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>
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    <IRS990ScheduleA documentId="RetDoc1039100001">
      <PubliclySupportedOrg509a2Ind>X</PubliclySupportedOrg509a2Ind>
      <GiftsGrantsContrisRcvd509Grp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>3620639</CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>10945635</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>2449418</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>2952158</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>3629218</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>23597068</TotalAmt>
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      <GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp>
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        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>1362502</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>1098905</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>1514890</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>831528</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>6215535</TotalAmt>
      </GrossReceiptsAdmissionsGrp>
      <Total509Grp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>5028349</CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>12308137</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>3548323</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>4467048</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>4460746</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>29812603</TotalAmt>
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      <AmountsRcvdDsqlfyPersonGrp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>1095335</CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>1185897</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>707896</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>811252</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>792373</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>4592753</TotalAmt>
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      <SubstantialContributorsAmtGrp>
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        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>692199</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
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        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>370893</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
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      <SubstAndDsqlfyPrsnsTotGrp>
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        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>1400095</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>1863219</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>1163266</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
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        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>200177</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>165317</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>163467</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>848724</TotalAmt>
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      <InvestmentIncomeAndUBTIGrp>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>140236</CurrentTaxYearMinus4YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>179527</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>200177</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>165317</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>163467</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>848724</TotalAmt>
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      <TotalSupportCalendarYearGrp>
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        <CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>12487664</CurrentTaxYearMinus3YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>3748500</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>4632365</CurrentTaxYearMinus1YearAmt>
        <CurrentTaxYearAmt>4624213</CurrentTaxYearAmt>
        <TotalAmt>30661327</TotalAmt>
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      <PublicSupportCY509Pct>0.71460</PublicSupportCY509Pct>
      <PublicSupportPY509Pct>0.70760</PublicSupportPY509Pct>
      <InvestmentIncomeCYPct>0.02770</InvestmentIncomeCYPct>
      <InvestmentIncomePYPct>0.02640</InvestmentIncomePYPct>
      <ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY509Ind>X</ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY509Ind>
    </IRS990ScheduleA>
    <IRS990ScheduleB documentId="RetDoc1234500001" />
    <IRS990ScheduleD documentId="RetDoc1040000001">
      <LeaseholdImprovementsGrp>
        <OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>1021524</OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>
        <DepreciationAmt>448159</DepreciationAmt>
        <BookValueAmt>573365</BookValueAmt>
      </LeaseholdImprovementsGrp>
      <EquipmentGrp>
        <OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>1951141</OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>
        <DepreciationAmt>1598174</DepreciationAmt>
        <BookValueAmt>352967</BookValueAmt>
      </EquipmentGrp>
      <OtherLandBuildingsGrp>
        <OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>302686</OtherCostOrOtherBasisAmt>
        <DepreciationAmt>284698</DepreciationAmt>
        <BookValueAmt>17988</BookValueAmt>
      </OtherLandBuildingsGrp>
      <TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt>944320</TotalBookValueLandBuildingsAmt>
      <TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>5106292</TotalRevEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>
      <NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt>-722644</NetUnrealizedGainsInvstAmt>
      <DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt>790650</DonatedServicesAndUseFcltsAmt>
      <OtherRevenueAmt>80791</OtherRevenueAmt>
      <RevenueNotReportedAmt>148797</RevenueNotReportedAmt>
      <RevenueSubtotalAmt>4957495</RevenueSubtotalAmt>
      <OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt>13702</OtherRevenuesNotIncludedAmt>
      <RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>13702</RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>
      <TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt>4971197</TotalRevenuePerForm990Amt>
      <TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>7191704</TotExpnsEtcAuditedFinclStmtAmt>
      <DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt>790650</DonatedServicesUseFcltsAmt>
      <OtherExpensesIncludedAmt>93866</OtherExpensesIncludedAmt>
      <ExpensesNotReportedAmt>884516</ExpensesNotReportedAmt>
      <ExpensesSubtotalAmt>6307188</ExpensesSubtotalAmt>
      <OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt>26777</OtherExpensesNotIncludedAmt>
      <ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt>26777</ExpensesNotRptFinclStmtAmt>
      <TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>6333965</TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part XI, Line 2d - Other Adjustments:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Direct fundraising expenses 80,791.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part XI, Line 4b - Other Adjustments:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Loss on equipment disposal -13,075. Donated auction items 26,777.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part XII, Line 2d - Other Adjustments:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Direct fundraising expenses 80,791. Loss on equipment disposal 13,075.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part XII, Line 4b - Other Adjustments:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Donated auction items 26,777.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleD>
    <IRS990ScheduleF documentId="RetDoc1040500001">
      <GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>1</GrantRecordsMaintainedInd>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Central America and the Caribbean</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>70219</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>East Asia and the Pacific</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>496943</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Europe (Including Iceland &amp; Greenland)</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>46709</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Middle East and North Africa</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>6130</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>South America</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>12891</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>South Asia</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>267247</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Program Services</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Orthopaedic Implants</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>729095</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Grants</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Training, implants, stipend</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>143135</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>South Asia</RegionTxt>
        <OfficesCnt>0</OfficesCnt>
        <EmployeeCnt>0</EmployeeCnt>
        <TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>Grants</TypeOfActivitiesConductedTxt>
        <SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>Training</SpecificServicesProvidedTxt>
        <RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>300</RegionTotalExpendituresAmt>
      </AccountActivitiesOutsideUSGrp>
      <SubtotalOfficesCnt>0</SubtotalOfficesCnt>
      <SubtotalEmployeesCnt>0</SubtotalEmployeesCnt>
      <ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt>0</ContinuationTotalOfficeCnt>
      <ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt>0</ContinuationTotalEmployeeCnt>
      <TotalOfficeCnt>0</TotalOfficeCnt>
      <TotalEmployeeCnt>0</TotalEmployeeCnt>
      <SubtotalSpentAmt>1772369</SubtotalSpentAmt>
      <ContinuationSpentAmt>300</ContinuationSpentAmt>
      <TotalSpentAmt>1772669</TotalSpentAmt>
      <GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Sarharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>Trauma center</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
        <CashGrantAmt>100000</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>Cash payment</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </GrantsToOrgOutsideUSGrp>
      <Total501c3OrgCnt>1</Total501c3OrgCnt>
      <ForeignIndividualsGrantsGrp>
        <TypeOfAssistanceTxt>Travel, training, living stipend</TypeOfAssistanceTxt>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <RecipientCnt>1</RecipientCnt>
        <CashGrantAmt>9728</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>Cash payment</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </ForeignIndividualsGrantsGrp>
      <ForeignIndividualsGrantsGrp>
        <TypeOfAssistanceTxt>Implants and instruments, fellowship stipends</TypeOfAssistanceTxt>
        <RegionTxt>Sub-Saharan Africa</RegionTxt>
        <RecipientCnt>1</RecipientCnt>
        <CashGrantAmt>24000</CashGrantAmt>
        <MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>Cash payment</MannerOfCashDisbursementTxt>
      </ForeignIndividualsGrantsGrp>
      <TransferToForeignCorpInd>0</TransferToForeignCorpInd>
      <InterestInForeignTrustInd>0</InterestInForeignTrustInd>
      <ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>0</ForeignCorpOwnershipInd>
      <PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>0</PassiveForeignInvestmestCoInd>
      <ForeignPartnershipInd>0</ForeignPartnershipInd>
      <BoycottCountriesInd>0</BoycottCountriesInd>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Part I, Line 2:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>Grant requests are reviewed by the Grant Review Committee as established by the SIGN Compliance Program. Monitoring awards is a two prong approach: a) financial reports or receipts are submitted; and, b) status updates are provided by recipients.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleF>
    <IRS990ScheduleG documentId="RetDoc1041300001">
      <FundraisingEventInformationGrp>
        <Event1Nm>Tri-Cities Benefit</Event1Nm>
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        <CharitableContriEvent1Amt>168511</CharitableContriEvent1Amt>
        <GrossRevenueEvent1Amt>30340</GrossRevenueEvent1Amt>
        <NonCashPrizesEvent1Amt>16350</NonCashPrizesEvent1Amt>
        <RentFacilityCostsEvent1Amt>4230</RentFacilityCostsEvent1Amt>
        <FoodAndBeverageEvent1Amt>13990</FoodAndBeverageEvent1Amt>
        <EntertainmentEvent1Amt>200</EntertainmentEvent1Amt>
        <OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt>8240</OtherDirectExpensesEvent1Amt>
        <Event2Nm>Portland Benefit</Event2Nm>
        <GrossReceiptsEvent2Amt>109607</GrossReceiptsEvent2Amt>
        <CharitableContriEvent2Amt>84142</CharitableContriEvent2Amt>
        <GrossRevenueEvent2Amt>25465</GrossRevenueEvent2Amt>
        <NonCashPrizesEvent2Amt>10427</NonCashPrizesEvent2Amt>
        <RentFacilityCostsEvent2Amt>7592</RentFacilityCostsEvent2Amt>
        <FoodAndBeverageEvent2Amt>15038</FoodAndBeverageEvent2Amt>
        <OtherDirectExpensesEvent2Amt>4724</OtherDirectExpensesEvent2Amt>
        <GrossReceiptsTotalAmt>308458</GrossReceiptsTotalAmt>
        <CharitableContributionsTotAmt>252653</CharitableContributionsTotAmt>
        <GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt>55805</GrossRevenueTotalEventsAmt>
        <NonCashPrizesTotalEventsAmt>26777</NonCashPrizesTotalEventsAmt>
        <RentFcltyCostsTotalEventsAmt>11822</RentFcltyCostsTotalEventsAmt>
        <FoodAndBeverageTotalEventsAmt>29028</FoodAndBeverageTotalEventsAmt>
        <EntertainmentTotalEventsAmt>200</EntertainmentTotalEventsAmt>
        <OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt>12964</OthDirectExpnssTotalEventsAmt>
        <DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt>80791</DirectExpenseSummaryEventsAmt>
        <NetIncomeSummaryAmt>-24986</NetIncomeSummaryAmt>
      </FundraisingEventInformationGrp>
    </IRS990ScheduleG>
    <IRS990ScheduleJ documentId="RetDoc1042400001">
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      <BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd>X</BoardOrCommitteeApprovalInd>
      <SeverancePaymentInd>0</SeverancePaymentInd>
      <SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd>0</SupplementalNonqualRtrPlanInd>
      <EquityBasedCompArrngmInd>0</EquityBasedCompArrngmInd>
      <CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd>0</CompBasedOnRevenueOfFlngOrgInd>
      <CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd>0</CompBsdOnRevRelatedOrgsInd>
      <CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd>0</CompBsdNetEarnsFlngOrgInd>
      <CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd>0</CompBsdNetEarnsRltdOrgsInd>
      <AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd>0</AnyNonFixedPaymentsInd>
      <InitialContractExceptionInd>0</InitialContractExceptionInd>
      <RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp>
        <PersonNm>Jeanne Dillner</PersonNm>
        <TitleTxt>Secretary /Treasurer</TitleTxt>
        <BaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt>141285</BaseCompensationFilingOrgAmt>
        <CompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt>0</CompensationBasedOnRltdOrgsAmt>
        <BonusFilingOrganizationAmount>0</BonusFilingOrganizationAmount>
        <BonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt>0</BonusRelatedOrganizationsAmt>
        <OtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt>0</OtherCompensationFilingOrgAmt>
        <OtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt>0</OtherCompensationRltdOrgsAmt>
        <DeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt>5060</DeferredCompensationFlngOrgAmt>
        <DeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt>0</DeferredCompRltdOrgsAmt>
        <NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt>7507</NontaxableBenefitsFilingOrgAmt>
        <NontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt>0</NontaxableBenefitsRltdOrgsAmt>
        <TotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt>153852</TotalCompensationFilingOrgAmt>
        <TotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt>0</TotalCompensationRltdOrgsAmt>
        <CompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt>0</CompReportPrior990FilingOrgAmt>
        <CompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt>0</CompReportPrior990RltdOrgsAmt>
      </RltdOrgOfficerTrstKeyEmplGrp>
    </IRS990ScheduleJ>
    <IRS990ScheduleL documentId="RetDoc1042800001">
      <GrntAsstBnftInterestedPrsnGrp>
        <PersonNm>Richard Gellman</PersonNm>
        <RelationshipWithOrgTxt>Board Member</RelationshipWithOrgTxt>
        <CashGrantAmt>2200</CashGrantAmt>
        <TypeOfAssistanceTxt>Cash payment</TypeOfAssistanceTxt>
        <AssistancePurposeTxt>Training</AssistancePurposeTxt>
      </GrntAsstBnftInterestedPrsnGrp>
    </IRS990ScheduleL>
    <IRS990ScheduleM documentId="RetDoc1042900001">
      <WorksOfArtGrp>
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        <ContributionCnt>4</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>6527</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </WorksOfArtGrp>
      <BooksAndPublicationsGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>607</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </BooksAndPublicationsGrp>
      <ClothingAndHouseholdGoodsGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>8501</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </ClothingAndHouseholdGoodsGrp>
      <SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <ContributionCnt>9</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>55504</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </SecuritiesPubliclyTradedGrp>
      <FoodInventoryGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <ContributionCnt>8</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>6216</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </FoodInventoryGrp>
      <DrugsAndMedicalSuppliesGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <ContributionCnt>22</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>1256261</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </DrugsAndMedicalSuppliesGrp>
      <OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <Desc>Travel Expenses for Training</Desc>
        <ContributionCnt>10</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>36398</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
      <OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <Desc>Office Supplies</Desc>
        <ContributionCnt>41</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>11485</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
      <OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
        <NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
        <Desc>Other</Desc>
        <ContributionCnt>10</ContributionCnt>
        <NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>10118</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
        <MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>Fair value</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
      </OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
      <AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd>0</AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd>
      <ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd>0</ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd>
      <ThirdPartiesUsedInd>0</ThirdPartiesUsedInd>
    </IRS990ScheduleM>
    <IRS990ScheduleO documentId="RetDoc1044400001">
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part III, Line 1</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>SIGN's mission is to build orthopaedic capacity in developing countries by providing ongoing training and education to the local orthopaedic surgeons, which is augmented by providing a sustainable supply of orthopaedic implants designed for use in primitive local hospital conditions. The majority of the implants and instruments provided to programs have been designed and manufactured by SIGN personnel. In-kind donations of products not manufactured by SIGN are distributed to some of the busier programs. According to the World Health Organization, the epidemic of injuries caused by road traffic accidents, work injuries, and conflicts affects 20 to 50 million people every year. Ninety percent of the people injured live in developing countries where access to adequate care is limited. SIGN's mission to build the orthopaedic capacity within these countries will support the local surgeons in providing appropriate and timely care to the injured poor. There are approximately 5,000 surgeons in nearly 300 hospitals in 50 developing nations which have benefited from SIGN training and the provision of implants and instruments. SIGN also responds to disasters in locations where SIGN has existing programs or where SIGN programs need to be developed.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 11b</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>A draft of Form 990 is provided to SIGN's CEO. The Form 990 is presented for review to the board of directors. Any changes are then directed to the return preparer and addressed before the final return is filed.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 12c</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The conflict of interest policy is monitored and reviewed by the Chief Compliance Officer. The Chief Compliance Officer requests annual conflict of interest statements from each board member. The statements are reviewed with the CEO/Secretary and dispositioned. The President is briefed on findings along with the full board.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Section B, line 15</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>An annual performance review is conducted for all employees including the CEO. The entity's size, industry, type of organization, and position of responsibilities are considered in determining compensation adjustments. According to the Organization's by-laws, the President is authorized to conduct the CEO's annual review and determine compensation. The Organization utilizes a subscription to PayScale which provides accurate salary information to establish pay ranges for employees. PayScale also allows the Organization to input performance ranking data in order to obtain "recommended raises" via those ranks juxtaposed with where each individual's current salary lands in the salary range for their position.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part VI, Section C, line 19</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The public may contact the Organization at it's physical location to request copies of its governing documents, conflicts of interest policy, and financial statements.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>Form 990, Part XII, Line 2c:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>The Organization has not changed their oversight process or selection process of selecting an independent auditor during the tax year.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleO>
  </ReturnData>
</Return>