2020-11-16T09:32:32-06:00 2019-12-31 420714325 RSM US LLP 80 CITY SQUARE BOSTON MA 021293742 990 2019-01-01 043485146 THE LENNY ZAKIM FUND C/O DLA PIPER LLP LENN 6174066036 33 ARCH STREET 26TH FLOOR BOSTON MA 021101447 ERIC ESTEVES EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 6174066036 2020-11-16 1 KAREN LO P01434915 6179129000 73.226.132.236 2020-11-16 09:24:34 ES P DA39A3EE5E6B4B0D3255BFEF95601890AFD80709 AECF77219117B6B1EC9B6AE33341583F740A001D 2019 2021-01-29 14:40:06Z ERIC ESTEVES 33 ARCH STREET 26TH FLOOR BOSTON MA 021101447 1842121 0 X THELENNYZAKIMFUND.ORG X 1995 MA TO IDENTIFY, LISTEN TO, SUPPORT AND CONNECT GRASSROOTS COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS OPERATING "BELOW THE RADAR SCREEN" OF LARGE CHARITABLE GROUPS AND GOVERNMENT GRANTS. 16 16 7 50 0 0 1176821 1078317 0 0 330130 229070 30421 0 1537372 1307387 771965 666000 0 0 295721 383569 0 0 138015 159473 312797 1227159 1362366 310213 -54979 6454713 7200418 38385 81082 6416328 7119336 X THE LENNY ZAKIM FUND ("THE FUND") BELIEVES POSITIVE SOCIAL CHANGE CAN BE CREATED BY SMALL, EFFECTIVE, GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATIONS THAT ARE OFTEN OVERLOOKED BY LARGE FOUNDATIONS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND MAJOR DONORS. OUR MISSION IS TO IDENTIFY, LISTEN TO, SUPPORT AND CONNECT GRASSROOTS COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS OPERATING "BELOW THE RADAR SCREEN" OF LARGE CHARITABLE GROUPS AND GOVERNMENT GRANTS. 0 0 962780 666000 0 THE FUND MAKES SMALL AND MEANINGFUL GRANTS TO SUPPORT SOME OF THE MOST AMAZING AND EFFECTIVE GRASSROOTS PROGRAMS IN THE STATE. THE FUND CONTINUALLY NURTURES THESE ORGANIZATIONS TOWARD GROWTH AND SUSTAINABILITY BY PROVIDING THE RESOURCES, TRAINING AND OTHER SUPPORTS THAT ARE OFTEN UNAVAILABLE TO SMALL ORGANIZATIONS, INCLUDING GRANTMAKING, TRAINING AND NETWORKING, COUNSELING AND ADVICE, PUBLICITY AND PRO-BONO LEGAL ASSISTANCE. 962780 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 16 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 MA X ERIC ESTEVES EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 6174066036 33 ARCH STREET 26TH FLOOR BOSTON MA 021101447 JUDE GOLDMAN EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR (UNTIL 12/19) 40.00 0.00 X 109414 0 21347 SUZANNE HEILMAN INTERIM EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 20.00 0.00 X 34400 0 0 ERIC ESTEVES EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR (FROM 12/19) 40.00 0.00 X 13277 0 0 JOSH ZAKIM BOARD MEMBER, SECRETARY 1.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 ELAINE SAGER BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 2.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 SUZI KAITZ BOARD MEMBER, CHAIR 2.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 LISA GORDON BOARD MEMBER, SECRETARY 1.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 BETH DILL BOARD MEMBER, TREASURER 1.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 YASMIN CRUZ BOARD MEMBER, VICE CHAIR 2.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 MARK IRVINGS BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 MIKI AKIMOTO BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 JOYCE ZAKIM BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 DEENA ZAKIM BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 SHARI ZAKIM YACOUBY BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 SAM SLATER BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 ROBERT SHERMAN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 GABRIELA ROMANOW BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 JOE RODIO BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 SOFIA LINGOS PAPALIODIS BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 3/20/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 CAREN KELLER BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 JANICE DITCHEK BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 GREGG CROTEAU BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 CLEMENTINA CHERY BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 MARY CARTY BOARD MEMBER (UNTIL 12/12/19) 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 TIMOTHY JAMES BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 ASMAA DONAHUE BOARD MEMBER 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 157091 0 21347 1 0 0 0 0 257702 820615 37742 1078317 249294 249294 242418 262642 -20224 -20224 -20224 272092 257702 272092 0 1307387 0 0 229070 666000 666000 149400 82170 29880 37350 188394 57396 69998 61000 3944 1630 1166 1148 15590 6441 4610 4539 26241 10842 7759 7640 135948 69145 65972 831 15654 15654 18300 18300 20238 10553 8643 1042 44394 38568 5826 STIPENDS 18250 7540 5396 5314 PRINTING & REPRODUCTION 17238 158 736 16344 BANK SERVICE CHARGE 8316 8283 33 34459 12337 19348 2774 1362366 962780 261571 138015 97659 11379 728075 1039361 506465 180533 8000 650 5114514 5968495 6454713 7200418 38385 81082 38385 81082 X 1512491 1605436 4903837 5513900 6416328 7119336 6454713 7200418 -54979 757987 0 X 0 1 X 1 0 X 1765057 963702 1454291 1176821 1078317 6438188 1765057 963702 1454291 1176821 1078317 6438188 1226753 5211435 220428 180379 232176 284247 249294 1166524 162535 65262 84219 121607 272092 705715 8310427 0.62710 0.68440 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 5114514 275000 968020 114039 6243495 5509121 -251298 143309 5114514 4893065 688056 72000 5509121 3578947 1055000 312301 53183 4893065 3723694 19500 -110247 54000 3578947 0.17650 0.46920 0.35430 0 0 0 AGENCY CUSTODIAL ACCOUNTS 31061 MISCELLANEOUS LIABILITIES 50021 81082 X 2507513 757987 188347 -18300 928034 1579479 -272091 -272091 1307388 1804505 188347 272091 460438 1344067 18300 18300 1362367 PART V, LINE 4: THE PURPOSE OF THE ENDOWMENT FUND IS TO ALLOW THE LENNY ZAKIM FUND TO CONTINUE OVER THE LONG-TERM ITS INNOVATIVE, GRASS-ROOTS GRANT MAKING. PART X, LINE 2: THE FUND FOLLOWS THE FASB ASC 740, INCOME TAXES, WHICH CLARIFIES THE ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES BY PRESCRIBING THE RECOGNITION THRESHOLD A TAX POSITION IS REQUIRED TO MEET BEFORE BEING RECOGNIZED IN THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. THE FUND RECOGNIZES A TAX BENEFIT FROM AN UNCERTAIN TAX POSITION ONLY IF IT IS MORE LIKELY THAN NOT THAT THE TAX POSITION WILL BE SUSTAINED ON EXAMINATION BY AUTHORITIES. MANAGEMENT HAS EVALUATED THE FUND'S TAX POSITIONS AND HAS CONCLUDED THAT THE FUND HAS NO MATERIAL UNCERTAINTIES IN INCOME TAXES. WITH FEW EXCEPTIONS, THE FUND IS NO LONGER SUBJECT TO INCOME TAX EXAMINATION BY THE U.S., FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL TAX AUTHORITIES FOR THREE YEARS FROM THE FILING DATE. THE FUND WILL ACCOUNT FOR INTEREST AND PENALTIES RELATED TO UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS, IF ANY, AS PART OF TAX EXPENSE. PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: INVESTMENT EXPENSE NETTED WITH INVESTMENT INCOME ON AUDITED FS -18,300. PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: FUNDRAISING EXPENSE REPORTED ON PART VIII, LINE 8B -272,091. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: FUNDRAISING EXPENSE REPORTED ON PART VIII, LINE 8B 272,091. CASINO NIGHT 238514 65969 172545 23744 72086 74148 2567 JUDESTOCK 291280 191733 99547 18215 30087 5750 45495 529794 257702 272092 41959 102173 79898 48062 272092 0 1 AFRICAN BRIDGE NETWORK 258 DERBY STREET UNIT 1 NEWTON MA 02465 474507235 501(C)(3) 7500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT DREAMFAR HIGH SCHOOL MARATHON INC 1925 COMMONWEALTH AVE W611 BRIGHTON MA 02135 273188990 501(C)(3) 7500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT INSTITUTE FOR PAN-AFRICAN CULTURAL EDUC 2836 WASHINGTON ST ROXBURY MA 02119 273912404 501(C)(3) 7500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT NEIGHBORS WHO CARE PO BOX 541158 WALTHAM MA 02454 134244456 501(C)(3) 8000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT OUR SPACE OUR PLACE INC 198 TREMONT STREET BOX 325 BOSTON MA 02116 043807695 501(C)(3) 9000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT JUSTICE AT WORK 90 CANAL STREET BOSTON MA 02114 274670409 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT LYNN UNITED FOR CHANGE EMPOWERMENT 259 ELM STREET SUITE 300A SOMERVILLE MA 02144 042660311 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT LYNN WORKER CENTER PO BOX 187 LYNN MA 01903 810969206 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT LYSOA INC(LYNN YOUTH STREET OUTREACH ADVOCACY) 312 A UNION STREET LYNN MA 01901 451619271 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT NEIGHBORS UNITED 4 JUSTICE (COMMUNITY LABOR UNITED) 1845 DORCHESTER AVENUE DORCHESTER MA 02124 203404034 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT ONE CAN HELP PO BOX 55 WABAN MA 02493 204281579 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT PIERSQUARED 2300 WASHINGTON STREET BOSTON MA 02119 474743694 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT RACHEL'S TABLE 633 SALISBURY ST WORCESTER MA 01609 042104363 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT RESILIENT SISTERHOOD PROJECT (BLACK MINISTERIAL ALLIANCE) 566 COLUMBUS AVENUE 3A BOSTON MA 02118 043499852 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT SISTERS UNCHAINED (THE CITY SCHOOL) P O BOX 300902 JAMAICA PLAIN MA 02130 453866647 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT SPEAKOUT PO BOX 301223 BOSTON MA 02130 042679788 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT THE RESOURCE AND RECLAMATION CENTER 151 ANDOVER ST LOWELL MA 01852 813164554 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT NEIGHBORS UNITED FOR A BETTER EAST BOSTON (TSNE MISSIONWORKS) 19 MERIDIAN ST SUITE 4 BOSTON MA 02128 042261109 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT KIDS IN TECH PO BOX 9057 LOWELL MA 01853 813311916 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT WORCESTER INTERFAITH 111 PARK AVENUE WORCESTER MA 01602 043158699 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT HANDS TO HEART CENTER 31 HEATH STREET BOSTON MA 02130 043285237 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT ADAPTIVE SPORTS NEW ENGLAND 89 SOUTH STREET SUITE 603 BOSTON MA 02111 463900833 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BLACK ECONOMIC JUSTICE INSTITUTE 61 COLUMBIA ROAD DORCHESTER MA 02121 464951690 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BOSTON CANCER SUPPORT 831 BEACON STREET 107 NEWTON MA 02459 300863587 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BUILDING BRIDGES THROUGH MUSIC 93 EUCLID AVE LYNN MA 01904 020539062 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT CENTER FOR COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND SOLIDARITY (EAST BOSTON SOCIAL CENTE 25 JEFFRIES ST EAST BOSTON MA 02128 473589804 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT ENCUENTRO DIASPORA AFRO (MULTICULTURAL AIDS COALITION) 566 COLUMBUS AVE BOSTON MA 02118 043042926 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT CEDC OF SOUTHEASTERN MA 1285 ACUSHNET AVE NEW BEDFORD MA 02746 043371170 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT FOOD LINK INC 32 OLDHAM RD ARLINGTON MA 02474 471840355 501(C)(3) 10000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BRAZILIAN WOMEN'S GROUP 697 CAMBRIDGE STREET SUITE 106 BRIGHTON MA 02135 043549382 501(C)(3) 12500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT MATAHARI WOMEN WORKERS' CENTER (TSNE MISSIONWORKS) 89 SOUTH STREET SUITE 700 BOSTON MA 02111 042261109 501(C)(3) 12500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT ENGLISH AT LARGE 800 WEST CUMMINGS PARK SUITE 5550 WOBURN MA 01801 043050593 501(C)(3) 12500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT CHICA PROJECT (THE CITY SCHOOL) 98 N WASHINGTON ST B5 C/O BARRALES LAW BOSTON MA 02114 453866647 501(C)(3) 14000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT THRIVE COMMUNITIES OF MASSACHUSETTS (COMMUNITIES FOR RESTORATIVE JUSTICE) 175 CABOT ST SUITE 100 - EFORALL LOWELL MA 02139 451220191 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT IMMIGRANT FAMILY SERVICES INSTITUTE 575 AMERICAN LEGION HWY ROSLINEDALE MA 02131 474400495 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT STUDENT IMMIRANT MOVEMENT (CENTER FOR LABOR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH) 9A HAMILTON PLACE BOSTON MA 02108 222604923 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BACKYARD GROWERS 3 DUNCAN STREET GLOUCESTER MA 01930 471553021 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT SIBLING CONNECTIONS 89 SOUTH STREET SUITE 203 BOSTON MA 02111 261519159 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT SAHELI PO BOX 1345 BURLINGTON MA 01803 030547972 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT EMPOWERING PEOPLE FOR INCL COMMUNITIES 89 SOUTH STREET SUITE 406 BOSTON MA 02111 042486905 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT OUT METROWEST PO BOX 2122 FRAMINGHAM MA 01703 465712986 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT HAWTHORNE YOUTH AND COMMUNITY CENTER 9 FULDA STREET ROXBURY MA 02119 042515797 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT DREAM OUT LOUD CENTER 1 JOHNNY CAKE HILL NEW BEDFORD MA 02740 043528626 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT AARON'S PRESENTS 189 MAIN STREET ANDOVER MA 01910 464010444 501(C)(3) 15000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT FAMILIES FOR JUSTICE AS HEALING 100R WARREN STREET ROXBURY MA 02119 454148974 501(C)(3) 17500 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT TRANSFORMATIONAL PRISON PROJECT (COMMUNITY WORKS WEST) 72W ROWE STREET AUBURNDALE MA 02466 205278030 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT BALLETROX 45 DANFORTH ST PO BOX 201334 BOSTON MA 02130 043140205 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT LEVEL GROUND MMA 527 COLUMBIA ROAD BOSTON MA 02125 463915852 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT MUSLIM JUSTICE LEAGUE 745 ATLANTIC AVE C/O WEWORK 8TH FLOOR BOSTON MA 02111 474049679 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT THE WELCOME PROJECT 530 MYSTIC AVENUE 111 SOMERVILLE MA 02145 043088140 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT MASS TRANSGENDER POLITICAL COALITION PO BOX 960784 BOSTON MA 02196 042785336 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT PARTAKERS INC 230 CENTRAL STREET AUBURNDALE MA 02466 043379946 501(C)(3) 20000 GENERAL OPERATING SUPPORT 51 0 PART I, LINE 2: WRITTEN PROPOSALS ARE RECEIVED BEFORE GRANTS ISSUED. STAFF CHECK IN WITH ALL GRANTEES DURING THE YEAR. ALL GRANTEES ARE REQUIRED TO SUBMIT AN EVALUATION ANNUALLY. X 4 37742 0 0 0 PART I, COLUMN (B): THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS IS BASED ON THE NUMBER OF GIFTS RECEIVED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 JOYCE, JOSH, DEENA AND SHARI ZAKIM, BOARD MEMBERS, HAVE A FAMILY RELATIONSHIP. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B THE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE GOVERNING BODY REVIEWS THE ORGANIZATION'S FORM 990 PRIOR TO ITS FILING WITH THE IRS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE ANY CONFLICT OF INTEREST WITH RESPECT TO A CONTRACT OR TRANSACTION AT THE ANNUAL MEETING. PRIOR TO BOARD OR COMMITTEE ACTION ON A CONTRACT OR TRANSACTION INVOLVING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST, A DIRECTOR OR COMMITTEE MEMBER HAVING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST AND WHO IS IN ATTENDANCE AT THE MEETING SHALL DISCLOSE ALL FACTS MATERIAL TO THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST. SUCH DISCLOSURE SHALL BE REFLECTED IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING. A DIRECTOR OR COMMITTEE MEMBER WHO PLANS NOT TO ATTEND A MEETING AT WHICH HE OR SHE HAS REASON TO BELIEVE THAT THE BOARD OR COMMITTEE WILL ACT ON A MATTER IN WHICH THE PERSON HAS A CONFLICT OF INTEREST SHALL DISCLOSE TO THE CHAIR OF THE MEETING ALL FACTS MATERIAL TO THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST. THE CHAIR SHALL REPORT THE DISCLOSURE AT THE MEETING AND THE DISCLOSURE SHALL BE REFLECTED IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING. A PERSON WHO HAS A CONFLICT OF INTEREST SHALL NOT PARTICIPATE IN OR BE PERMITTED TO HEAR THE BOARD'S OR COMMITTEE'S DISCUSSION OF THE MATTER EXCEPT TO DISCLOSE MATERIAL FACTS AND TO RESPOND TO QUESTIONS. SUCH PERSON SHALL NOT ATTEMPT TO EXERT HIS OR HER PERSONAL INFLUENCE WITH RESPECT TO THE MATTER, EITHER AT OR OUTSIDE THE MEETING. A PERSON WHO HAS A CONFLICT OF INTEREST WITH RESPECT TO A CONTRACT OR TRANSACTION THAT WILL BE VOTED ON AT A MEETING SHALL NOT BE COUNTED IN DETERMINING THE PRESENCE OF A QUORUM FOR PURPOSES OF THE VOTE. THE PERSON HAVING A CONFLICT OF INTEREST MAY NOT VOTE ON THE CONTRACT OR TRANSACTION AND SHALL NOT BE PRESENT IN THE MEETING ROOM WHEN THE VOTE IS TAKEN, UNLESS THE VOTE IS BY SECRET BALLOT. SUCH PERSON'S INELIGIBILITY TO VOTE SHALL BE REFLECTED IN THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FORM 990, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, GOVERNANCE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES AND OTHER APPROPRIATE GOVERNING DOCUMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST FOR THE SAME PERIOD OF DISCLOSURE AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 6104(D). IN ADDITION, THE ORGANIZATION'S FORM 990 WITHOUT SCHEDULE B IS AVAILABLE VIA GUIDESTAR AND THE MASSACHUSETTS ATTORNEY GENERAL'S WEBSITE. FORM 990, PART I, LINE 6: VOLUNTEERS INCLUDE BOARD MEMBERS, SITE VISITORS WHO SPEND BETWEEN 3 - 12 HOURS EACH ANNUALLY AND EVENT VOLUNTEERS WHO PROVIDE EVENT ASSISTANCE (REGISTRATION, PARTICIPANT ASSISTANCE, PHOTOGRAPHY) - 2-10 HOURS EACH ANNUALLY.