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      <MissionDesc>THE MISSION OF PATH VACCINE SOLUTIONS (PVS) IS TO IMPROVE THE HEALTH OF CHILDREN IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS BY ACCELERATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINES THAT WILL BE EFFECTIVE AND AFFORDABLE FOR THOSE WHO NEED THEM MOST. (CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O)FROM INITIAL DISCOVERY THROUGH CLINICAL TRIALS, PVS WORKS WITH COMMERCIAL PARTNERS, SUCH AS VACCINE MANUFACTURERS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY FIRMS, AND NONPROFIT PARTNERS, SUCH AS UNIVERSITIES AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, TO SHORTEN THE TIMELINE FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT. FOR THESE PARTNERS, PVS PROVIDES FUNDING AND EXPERTISE IN PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT, MANUFACTURING, REGULATORY, AND CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT, WITH A FOCUS ON LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS. IN RETURN, PARTNERS AGREE TO TERMS THAT HELP ENSURE THE RESULTING PRODUCTS ARE AFFORDABLE AND AVAILABLE IN PUBLIC IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES.</MissionDesc>
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      <Desc>IN 2019, PVS CONTINUED OUR FIGHT AGAINST DIARRHEAL DISEASES, THE SECOND-LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH AMONG CHILDREN IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES. TO COMBAT ROTAVIRUS, A MAJOR CAUSE OF SEVERE DIARRHEA, WE CONTINUED CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A NONREPLICATING ROTAVIRUS VACCINE CANDIDATE BY BEGINNING A PHASE 3 EFFICACY STUDY IN ZAMBIA, THE FIRST OF FOUR COUNTRIES PARTICIPATING IN THIS STUDY. THIS VACCINE CANDIDATE IS ADMINISTERED AS AN INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION AND COULD POTENTIALLY OVERCOME THE LOWER EFFICACY LEVELS SEEN IN LOW-RESOURCE SETTINGS FOR ORAL, LIVE ATTENUATED ROTAVIRUS VACCINES. (CONTINUED ON SCHEDULE O).IN ADDITION, PVS HOSTED A MEETING IN GENEVA IN JUNE 2019 THAT BROUGHT TOGETHER VACCINE DEVELOPERS AND MANUFACTURERS ENGAGED IN NEXT-GENERATION ROTAVIRUS VACCINE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TO BETTER DEFINE THE PROGRESS OF THESE NOVEL VACCINE CANDIDATES. FINALLY, PVS INITIATED A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN INDIA TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SERUM INSTITUTE OF INDIA PVT. LTD.'S LICENSED ROTAVIRUS VACCINE, ROTASIIL.PVS CONTINUED TO CONDUCT EARLY-STAGE CLINICAL TRIALS OF VACCINE CANDIDATES THAT MAY PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI (ETEC) AND SHIGELLA, LEADING CAUSES OF BACTERIAL DIARRHEAL ILLNESS. CURRENTLY, THERE ARE NO LICENSED VACCINES AGAINST EITHER PATHOGEN. IN 2019, OUR WORK INCLUDED CONDUCTING A PHASE 1 TRIAL OF AN ORAL, SUBUNIT ETEC VACCINE CANDIDATE GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT A NOVEL MUCOSAL ADJUVANT. IN 2019 WE ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST VACCINE TO PROTECT CHILDREN AGAINST PNEUMOCOCCAL BACTERIA, THE TOP CAUSE OF SEVERE CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA. AFTER POSITIVE CLINICAL TRIAL RESULTS IN THE GAMBIA AND INDIA, THE VACCINE PRODUCED BY SERUM INSTITUTE OF INDIA PVT. LTD., PNEUMOSIL, ACHIEVED WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PREQUALIFICATION, CERTIFYING ITS ELIGIBILITY FOR PROCUREMENT BY UNITED NATIONS AGENCIES FOR USE IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES.PVS, AS PART OF THE ADVANCING MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION (AMI) COALITION, ADDED TO THE RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS (RSV) MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION KNOWLEDGE BASE IN 2019. THE COALITION PUBLISHED SEVERAL ARTICLES ABOUT THE RESULTS OF AND METHODS USED BY AMI TO DEVELOP A ROAD MAP OUTLINING ACTIVITIES NECESSARY TO MOVE RSV DECISION-MAKING AND DELIVERY FORWARD. AMI ALSO CONTRIBUTED A CHAPTER ON THE STATE OF MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION TO A BOOK FOR THE INDIAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS. COALITION MEMBERS ATTENDED THE 2019 WOMEN DELIVER CONFERENCE IN VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, AND HOSTED A DINNER TO ENGAGE GLOBAL MATERNAL HEALTH LEADERS AND DECISION-MAKERS IN CONVERSATIONS AROUND RSV MATERNAL IMMUNIZATION. AMI ALSO UPDATED ITS RSV VACCINE AND MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY SNAPSHOT (WHICH PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERVENTION PRODUCT LANDSCAPE) AND TRIAL TRACKER (WHICH PROVIDES INFORMATION ON RELATED CLINICAL TRIALS) TO ENSURE ACCESS TO THE MOST UP-TO-DATE RSV INFORMATION.</Desc>
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          <AddressLine1Txt>2201 WESTLAKE AVE SUITE 200</AddressLine1Txt>
          <CityNm>SEATTLE</CityNm>
          <StateAbbreviationCd>WA</StateAbbreviationCd>
          <ZIPCd>98121</ZIPCd>
        </USAddress>
        <RecipientEIN>911157127</RecipientEIN>
        <IRCSectionDesc>501(C)(3)</IRCSectionDesc>
        <CashGrantAmt>4265711</CashGrantAmt>
        <PurposeOfGrantTxt>ESSENTIAL MEDICINE</PurposeOfGrantTxt>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART I, LINE 2:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>PVS PERFORMS RISK-BASED MONITORING OF SUBRECIPIENTS. POLICIES AND PROCEDURES ARE IN PLACE TO GUIDE PROJECT TEAMS' FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL MONITORING OF SUBRECIPIENTS. TO PROVIDE THE MONITORING REQUIRED BY FUNDERS AND TO ENSURE GOOD STEWARDSHIP OF EVERY PROJECT, PVS USES RISK ASSESSMENTS, REPORTING, SITE VISITS, REGULAR CONTACT, OR OTHER MEANS TO PROVIDE RESPONSIBLE ASSURANCE THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ADMINISTERS FUNDS IN COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND PRIME AWARD TERMS, AND THAT THE SUBRECIPIENT ACHIEVES PERFORMANCE GOALS.</ExplanationTxt>
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    </IRS990ScheduleI>
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      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART I, LINE 3</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>PVS RELIES ON A RELATED ORGANIZATION, PATH, TO DETERMINE COMPENSATION. PATH USES THE FOLLOWING TO ESTABLISH COMPENSATION OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: - COMPENSATION COMMITTEE - INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT - COMPENSATION SURVEY OR STUDY - APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OR COMPENSATION COMMITTEE</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>THE FORM 990 WAS PREPARED BY AN OUTSIDE ACCOUNTING FIRM USING INFORMATION PROVIDED BY PATH ACCOUNTING SERVICES STAFF. PATH SENIOR MANAGEMENT REVIEWED THE DRAFT FORM. A COPY OF THE DRAFT WAS SENT TO PATH'S BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR COMMENT. AFTER THE COMMENT PERIOD, THE CHIEF OF ACCOUNTING SIGNED THE FORM.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>PVS HAS A WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY UNDER WHICH ALL PVS BOARD MEMBERS AND OFFICERS MUST COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM EACH YEAR. PVS DOES NOT HAVE EMPLOYEES. PVS IS A SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION TO PATH WITHIN THE MEANING OF INTERNAL REVENUE CODE SECTION 509(A)(3), AND PVS CONTRACTS WITH PATH FOR MANAGEMENT SERVICES. PATH HAS A WRITTEN CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY UNDER WHICH ALL PATH BOARD MEMBERS, OFFICERS, AND STAFF AT HIGHER THAN A DESIGNATED LEVEL MUST COMPLETE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURE FORM EACH YEAR. ALL PVS AND PATH DISCLOSURE FORMS ARE REVIEWED AND KEPT ON FILE. A CONFLICT MANAGEMENT PLAN IS DEVELOPED FOR ANY EMPLOYEE WITH A SIGNIFICANT ACTUAL OR PERCEIVED CONFLICT OF INTEREST.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
      <SupplementalInformationDetail>
        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>PATH GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST; MOST DOCUMENTS ARE ALSO AVAILABLE ONLINE.</ExplanationTxt>
      </SupplementalInformationDetail>
    </IRS990ScheduleO>
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          <CityNm>NAIROBI</CityNm>
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        <PrimaryActivitiesTxt>EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC PROMOTION OF HEALTH</PrimaryActivitiesTxt>
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</Return>