2020-02-07T08:51:53-08:00 2019-07-31 521544293 ARKIN AND COMPANY CHARTERED 2200 RESEARCH BLVD STE 540 ROCKVILLE MD 208503289 990 2018-08-01 521394893 Physicians Committee for Responsible Med PHYS 2026862210 5100 Wisconsin Avenue NW Washington DC 20016 NEAL D BARNARD MD President 2020-02-07 true Douglas P Arkin P00579014 3013401550 2018 2022-09-23 18:48:47Z Neal D Barnard MD 5100 Wisconsin Avenue NW 400 Washington DC 20016 15117972 false false X www.pcrm.org X 1985 DE The Physicians Committee promotes preventive medicine, particularly good nutrition, conducts clinical research, and encourages higher standards for ethics and effectiveness in research. 5 5 90 7 0 3244 19523422 12215663 109832 1451504 94257 119924 61048 31133 19788559 13818224 1176118 1597958 0 6410344 6722512 23835 18101 2078060 7472542 9059307 15082839 17397878 4705720 -3579654 17000669 13167540 3085132 2632341 13915537 10535199 X The Physicians Committee promotes preventive medicine, particularly good nutrition, conducts clinical research, and encourages higher standards for ethics and effectiveness in research. false false 3728151 research and Regulatory AffairsThe Physicians Committee promotes alternatives to animal use in research, testing, and education. The Physicians Committee has a full-time team of physicians, scientists, and research staff raising awareness of the ethical and practical research issues and assisting in the implementation of nonanimal methods in research and education. The Physicians Committee has been instrumental in eliminating animal use in medical school curricula, trauma training courses, and residencies in North America and abroad. Many medical schools and centers offer postgraduate residency or other specialized courses, and a minority of these programs use animals. The Physicians Committee is working to end the use of animals in these programs, which will improve physician and paramedic training and ensure healthy patient outcomes. We have focused on trauma training and on pediatrics and emergency medicine residencies in the United States and Canada. As a result of our work, only one of the 322 Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) programs continues to use animals. All of the known pediatrics programs in North America teach critical procedures without the use of animals, and of the 246 responsive emergency medicine residency programs, 235 do not use animals to train residents.The Physicians Committee is leading the way in urging the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to replace the use of animals in diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and nutrition research. Physicians Committee scientists and physicians meet with NIH leaders, publish scientific reviews and commentaries, and speak at national and international conferences on these subjects. In 2019, we expanded the Early-Career Researchers Advancing 21st-Century Research (ERA21) project. ERA21 provides outreach, advice, collaborative events, and resources to early-career researchers looking to conduct research with human cells, tissues, and other human-relevant models. The monthly newsletter has more than 150 subscribers, and the Facebook group engages young researchers as well.Physicians Committee toxicologists also actively promote the recommendations of the National Research Councils (NRC) June 2007 report for the development and implementation of nonanimal-based tests for chemical toxicity. One way in which this work is manifested is in the co-founding and continued support of the American Society for Cellular and Computational Toxicology (ASCCT). The ASCCT, which has more than 1,600 scientists on its mailing list, just held its eighth annual meeting, attracting senior scientists from government, academia, and industry, as well as student scientists. All were presenting their work on or discussing issues related to predictive toxicology, the discipline that has evolved from efforts stemming from the NRCs 2007 report. The ASCCT holds monthly webinars, attracting approximately 100 attendees each from around the world.In 2019, we learned that because of a new EPA policy accepting human cell-based methods for skin sensitization (methods which have been shown to be more predictive of the animal method it replaced), companies had submitted 25 dossiers, saving 750 mice in a few short months. The Physicians Committee advocated for the adoption of this policy and continues to encourage other regulatory agencies to adopt the same policy.Finally, this year the Physicians Committee provided training opportunities to more than 2,000 toxicologists in North America in web and in-person sessions describing new test methods or approaches for safety testing of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. In some cases, we have feedback from specific regulators that the training has resulted in increased acceptance of nonanimal test methods. The Physicians Committee also continued to schedule New Approach Methodology Use for Regulatory Application (NURA) training series events, designed to teach industry scientists how to use nonanimal approaches to assess the potential hazards of new chemicals they design through annual multiday, hands-on training events. Two events were held, and the presentations were videotaped and posted to an online portal. The Physicians Committee promotes this portal with online advertising, and the portal has more than 5,000 visitations. 3530108 50000 1424618 Nutrition EducationThe Physicians Committee hosts continuing education opportunities for physicians, nurses, dietitians, medical students, and other health care professionals so they can bring tools of disease prevention into their practice. NutritionCME.org, an online continuing education website, offers up to 50 free, nutrition-focused continuing medical education courses. In FY 2019, 1,541 medical professionals completed at least one course, a 57 percent increase compared to FY 2018. Those professionals completed a total of 6,242 continuing education credits. In August 2019, we also hosted our seventh annual International Conference on Nutrition in Medicine, a live, in-person continuing medical education conference in Washington, D.C., attended by 1,000 health care professionals. The vast majority of the planning for this successful event took place in FY 2019.In FY 2019, our team coordinated and sponsored six lunch-and-learn events, reaching hundreds of medical and nursing students. Our experts spoke at University of Washington, Bastyr, Boucher, Yale, Florida Atlantic University, George Washington, and Johns Hopkins, reaching 495 students. We attended two medical student conferences: the American Medical Student Association and the Student National Medical Association, reaching 450 students. The Nutrition Guide for Clinicians app brings evidence-based resources to clinicians fingertips, and in FY 2019 reached more than 32,000 with more than 200,000 chapter views online. Our diabetes educator team delivered educational presentations to 2,500 diabetes professionals at national and regional conferences. They were educated on the science and practical applications of plant-based clinical interventions designed to reverse, treat, and prevent diabetes via lectures, workshops, or webinars. The Physicians Committee runs nutrition education programming to reach communities all across the United States:In FY 2019, we trained 28 Food for Life instructors to teach our healthful cooking classes in their communities. They came from as far as Italy, Canada, and Hawaii. The training awards 18 continuing education hours for nurses and dietitians. During the past fiscal year, our instructors taught more than 1,000 classes and reached approximately 4,500 students. The Physicians Committee currently has more than 280 instructors and Education Alliance Program partners in 44 states, plus the District of Columbia, and 17 countries. In FY 2019, more than 105,000 participants followed our free, online 21-Day Vegan Kickstart program, which promotes a healthful plant-based diet with tips and recipes and nutrition education videos from our nutrition experts. We offer this app-based program in both English and Spanish with culturally relevant recipes and nutrition education. We also have resources in Mandarin and for those of Indian origin. Since launching in 2009, more than half a million people have participated in the 21-day online program with more than 92,000 installs of our mobile version.In FY 2019, the Physicians Committee hosted two two-day Kickstart Intensives, which educated 145 attendees about the health benefits of a plant-based diet. The two-day program included nutrition lectures, cooking demonstrations, testimonials, health measurements, and four meals. Our Native American outreach continues as the diabetes epidemic grows. In September 2018, through a collaboration with Clinical Education and Nutritive Services at the Tsehootsooi Medical Center in Fort Defiance, Ariz., we provided a four-hour continuing medical education program for 170 clinicians and members of the public, who were also provided with plant-based meals and resource materials. In January 2019, 100 participants attended a second four-week challenge offered by Tsehootsooi. In February 2019, we offered hands-on instruction on preparation of 17 plant-based dishes for hospital employees. In April, we were invited to assist the Gallup Indian Medical Center (GIMC) in Gallup, N.M., and we partnered with them to train 100 cooks and nutritionists at events at the Gallup Community Pantry in June 2019. In July, 15 people attended a four-week challenge GIMC offered to employees. Both the Tsehootsooi Medical Center and GIMC now offer made-from-scratch plant-based meal options in their cafeterias each day.The Physicians Committee promotes plant-based options in school cafeterias around the country through various channels. HealthySchoolLunches.org offers free resources to assist schools in integrating plant-based meals into the lunch line. In FY 2019, we attended and presented at two Greening School Food forums hosted by Friends of the Earth, reaching a total of 200 school food service professionals combined. Attendees learned from us about policy initiatives supporting the addition of plant-based meals and removal of processed meat in schools. In the fall of 2018, Santa Barbara Unified School District agreed to remove processed meat from its menu for good with our assistance, and we publicized it. The food service director spoke at one of the forums about her success in removing processed meat and having a daily vegan option on their districts menu. The Physicians Committee also works to promote the removal of processed meat from school lunches through distribution of our toolkit and supporting policy initiatives. A New York City resolution to remove processed meat from school lunches received strong support from action alerts and 12 members who gave testimony at a city council hearing. The resolution later passed, banning processed meat from all New York City public schools.FY 2019 marked the kick-off of public meetings hosted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to update the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, a process that occurs every five years. The Physicians Committee also monitored the nomination of members to the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee by submitting nominations and weighing-in on those ultimately selected. We sent representatives to all public meetings, posted comments, and presented oral testimony when the opportunities were available.In FY 2019, our Kickstart Your Health team visited the Triangle area of North Carolina where we partnered with local experts who actively promote plant-based nutrition in their communities. We highlighted them in the media, on billboards, and across several events including a community health fest, Forks Over Knives screening, grand rounds in a hospital, Food for Life classes, and lunch-and-learn sessions for medical students. We reached 490 laypersons, medical professionals, and city officials to offer nutrition education and long-term support. The Physicians Committees international outreach programs in China and India work to decrease rising chronic disease rates with nutrition education. In FY 2019, our India program specialist went on two tours in India and reached 600 people at the Vegan Indian Conference in July. In February, through a partnership with Bollywood actress Mallika Sherawat, we launched a billboard campaign in five Indian cities with the message Go Vegan for Someone You Love, which reached 27.4 million people through Hindi and English media. Our China program specialist delivered plant-based lectures in 70 cities reaching 31,000 people. 2345052 CommunicationsWorking with physicians, health experts, and celebrities who serve as spokespeople, we aim to inform, persuade, and inspire readers through strategic media relations, public relations, digital communications, content generation, social media, celebrity engagement, and advertisements. In the past year, our work was featured and referenced in traditional news outlets, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Boston Globe, the Star Tribune, the Houston Chronicle, the Miami Herald, and the Denver Post. Our message has been reported by wires including the Associated Press and Reuters, Capitol Hill papers including the Hill and Politico, and by major television networks including ABC News and CNN. International outlets such as the Daily Mail and the Toronto Star have covered our campaigns. Each month, we reach a potential audience of 240 million readers by appearing in an average of 167 news outlets. We further amplify this coverage on social media to empower our followers to make lasting health changes. Our social media content has created conversations daily among more than 1.3 million followers on 11 social media accounts. In 2018, we launched The Exam Room podcast which has reached more than 2.3 million people to date. These communications combined have reached hundreds of millions of people around the globe.On our websites, we post news about our peer-reviewed medical studies, our medical perspective on cultural commentary, our recommendations to strengthen scientific research standards, and expert-authored consumer health tips. In FY 2019, the Physicians Committee's websites received about 6.4 million visitors and 7.7 million page views. 4681833 125832 14285144 true true false true false false false false false true true false false true true true false true false true true false false true true false false true false true false false false false false false false false false false false true false false false false true true true false false true 126 0 true 90 true true true false false false false true true false 0 false false false false false false false false false false false false X 5 5 false false false false true true true true true false false true true true true true true true true false AL AR CA FL GA HI IL KS KY MA MD MI MN MS NC NH NJ NM NY OR PA RI SC TN UT VA WI WV X X THE CORPORATION 2026862210 5100 Wisconsin Ave NW Suite 400 Washington DC 20016 X Mindy Kursban Chair 0.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 Russell Bunai MD Secretary/Treas 0.00 0.00 X X 0 0 0 Mark Sklar MD Director 0.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 Barbara Wasserman MD Director 0.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 Neal D Barnard MD President 33.00 7.00 X X 0 0 0 Betsy Wason Asst sec & VP D 38.00 2.00 X 104972 0 4097 Stacey Glaeser VP Human Resources 35.00 5.00 X 106170 0 9274 Hana Kahleova MD PhD Dir Clinical Res. 40.00 0.00 X 160561 0 5463 John Pippin MD Dir acedem affairs 40.00 0.00 X 106880 0 11076 Stephen Kane CPA VP of finance 36.00 4.00 X 103795 0 18855 Erica Springer Dir. Philanthropy 40.00 0.00 X 103073 0 10697 685451 59462 6 false true false The Moore Companies 4500 Sarellen Road Richmond VA 23231 mailing service 502650 Lautman Maska Neill & Co 1730 Rhode Island NW Ste 301 Washington DC 20036 Membership Developme 324876 Yale University po box 1873 New Haven CT 065081873 clinical research 376439 Blackbaud PO Box 930256 Atlanta GA 311930256 IT Services 362876 Threespot Media 806 7th St NW 201 Washington DC 20001 Digital 222539 20 7258 76200 210159 11922046 288044 12215663 Service Income 561000 1451504 1451504 1451504 149867 149867 0 5527 5527 41543 89543 -48000 -48000 -48000 1098790 1128733 -29943 -29943 -29943 16500 76200 36190 -19690 -19690 0 125457 45282 80175 80175 Other revenue 13121 13121 13121 13818224 1501736 100825 1597958 1597958 0 0 0 110920 59065 51855 0 5520049 4483600 495620 540829 99016 77266 13445 8305 585407 461440 60963 63004 407120 327440 36217 43463 0 76417 74667 1750 55410 55410 404458 404458 18101 18101 0 1177660 992711 22427 162522 663149 659521 3628 169994 162203 3681 4110 0 0 678959 550364 61790 66805 336301 301631 960 33710 0 969033 940920 28113 43017 115 42888 14 0 186471 148309 18718 19444 62325 56245 2839 3241 Printing and Publications 1463077 1084175 1594 377308 Postage and Shipping 928486 564115 760 363611 Electronic Communications Cost 483143 336852 25786 120505 Mailing list costs 427764 350576 3786 73402 933643 651513 186040 96090 17397878 14285144 1034674 2078060 X 1233362 859523 373839 572908 746269 7428963 5287784 49701 130753 188109 70359 0 0 0 118356 109990 528302 313194 2038474 771836 1388135 1266638 2197683 2337819 60278 60278 0 0 4468234 2844456 17000669 13167540 1423276 1416082 37500 616968 1044888 1178759 3085132 2632341 X 9101376 7339672 4814161 3195527 13915537 10535199 17000669 13167540 -3579654 95341 103975 X false true X true false X 11592990 19024540 9282692 18187565 10737635 68825422 0 0 11592990 19024540 9282692 18187565 10737635 68825422 0 68825422 73282 103307 113751 126671 194956 611967 3445 5296 3510 3960 1981 18192 58656 18306 17163 43859 13121 151105 69606686 3126895 0.98880 0.98980 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED false false X 64499 64499 339959 339959 404458 404458 14915360 14980167 15319818 15384625 915991 919231 228998 229808 false 712719 760579 828188 919231 3220717 4831076 60856 43188 381045 404458 889547 178180 190145 207047 229808 805180 1207770 15745 9557 133811 64499 223612 6945039 500745 485207 210159 69878 7650954 6923840 16210 428860 356291 67580 6945039 3994632 2602988 658984 266461 66303 6923840 3997779 1830 38728 43705 3994632 3917179 155383 104670 135987 43466 3997779 0.66600 0.21580 0.11820 false true true 545080 545080 500270 214310 285960 818449 504959 313490 12198 10162 2036 162477 42405 120072 1266638 Deposits 5478 Health insurance rebate rece 37225 Legacies & Bequests Receivable 2682173 WIP films 119580 2844456 charitable gift annuities 1178759 1178759 X Part V, Line 4: Intended uses of the endowment fund. Endowment funds will be used to support the mission of Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. Part X : FIN48 Footnote In general, when tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheets, along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. The Physicians Committee has determined that no such liabilities were required at July 31, 2019. true east asia and pacific 0 1 program serviceS See Part V 127000 south asia 0 1 program services See Part V 48000 2 2 175000 175000 false false false false false false Part I, Line 2 - Grantmakers Explanation For Monitoring Use of Funds Outside US Grants made outside the U.S. are approved and monitored by a committee made up of Physicians Committees president and scientific, health, or other experts in the relevant field. Grantees are required to sign a comprehensive grant agreement detailing restrictions on the expenditure of grant funds, recordkeeping and periodic reporting requirements. The grant agreement states that any unspent or misspent funds must be returned to Physicians Committee. Part I, Line 3f - Method of Accounting accrual basis of accounting was used. X X X X X X true Lautman Maska 1730 RI Ave NW Washington DC 20036 Membership development false 4345980 314254 4031726 Donor Services 6715 Sunset Blv LA CA 90028 Telemarketing false 14145 17701 4360125 331955 4031726 AK AL AR CA CO CT DC FL GA HI IL KS KY LA MA MD ME MI MN NC ND NH NJ NM NY OH OK OR PA RI SC TN UT VA WA WI WV MS Hollywood Fundraiser 82600 76200 6400 5937 330 19166 FL Fundraiser 10100 10100 2038 8719 92700 76200 16500 7975 330 27885 36190 -19690 Part I, Line 2b - Fundraiser Additional Information Reconciliation of SChedule G, Part I, line 2b, column (v) with Form 990, part ix.Total amount paid to fundraisers on Schedule G 331,955Total paid for professional fundraising services, Form 990, 11e 18,101Difference 313,854The reason for this reconciliation is because the costs incurred for one fundraising company were considered to be part of the joint costs from combined educational campaigns and fundraising solicitations. As a result, not all of these costs reported on Schedule G will be reflected as fundraising services on Form 990, Part ix, line 11e, column D. amounts amounts amounts included included included Form 990 Form 990 Form 990 Part IX Part IX Part IX column B column C Column D totalPrinting & Publications 26,184 -0- 58,591 84,775Postage & shipping 13,736 -0- 5,648 19,384Mailing list costs 1,875 -0- -0- 1,875Other services 110,664 -0- 97,156 207,820Total 152,459 -0- 161,395 313,854 true PCRM Clinic DBA Barnard Med 5100 Wisonsin Ave NW 401 Washington DC 20016 464057257 3350 45723 FMV direct payment of clinic expenses general support Rochester Lifestyle Medicine 2024 W Henrietta Rd Suite 5A Rochester NY 14623 821801873 50000 0 promote lifestyle medicine The PCRM Foundation 5100 Wisconsin Ave NW 400 Washington DC 20016 731669893 1500000 0 General support & fund endowment 3 0 Grantmaker's Description of How Grants are Used The Physicians Committees board of directors approves grants to The PCRM Foundation to fund the Physicians Committee Endowment and grants to PCRM Clinic for direct Physicians Committee payment of PCRM Clinic expenses, as well as for professional and administrative services. Other grants, except as noted, are approved and monitored by a committee made up of the President and scientific, health, or other experts in the relevant field. Grantees are required to sign a comprehensive grant agreement. Sponsorship contributions to scientific and health-related conferences that support the mission of Physicians Committee are exempt from the approval and reporting process. X X X false false false false false false false false false false Hana Kahleova MD PhD Dir Clinical Res. 160561 5463 166024 X 29 98726 fmv X cookware 6 27288 fmv X cooking equipme 25 7622 fmv X catering 1 200 fmv X google ads 60448 154208 fmv false true false Form 990, Part III, Line 4d: Other Program Services Description OTHER PROGRAM SERVICES 4: PublicationsThe publications department supports the Physicians Committees nutrition and research ethics educational efforts through the design and production of print and electronic materials. In FY 2019, the department completed approximately 615 separately tracked projects. These design projects included a book, ads, fact sheets, brochures, postcards, educational diagrams, posters, billboards, fliers, program booklets, event signage, stationery, program logos, web graphics, infographics, merchandise graphics, and social media graphics. Supported projects included the 870-page third edition of the Nutrition Guide for Clinicians (2,500 printed copies), the 2019 International Conference on Nutrition in Medicine, demonstrations at universities, medical centers, and fast-food franchises, Food for Life instructor training, scientific conferences (academic posters and promotion), healthy hospital food initiative, Native American diabetes education, Alzheimers education Capitol Hill event, Kickstart Intensive event, Barnard Medical Center promotion and education campaigns, and toxicology education and websites. Many of our educational materials are available for free download from our websitePCRM.org.Good Medicine, the Physicians Committees 24-page magazine, keeps members informed and involved. Four issues of Good Medicine were published in FY 2019. Total print distribution was 364,485. The magazine also appears in electronic format on our website. OTHER PROGRAM SERVICES 5: CommunicationsWorking with physicians, health experts, and celebrities who serve as spokespeople, we aim to inform, persuade, and inspire readers through strategic media relations, public relations, digital communications, content generation, social media, celebrity engagement, and advertisements. In the past year, our work was featured and referenced in traditional news outlets, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Boston Globe, the Star Tribune, the Houston Chronicle, the Miami Herald, and the Denver Post. Our message has been reported by wires including the Associated Press and Reuters, Capitol Hill papers including the Hill and Politico, and by major television networks including ABC News and CNN. International outlets such as the Daily Mail and the Toronto Star have covered our campaigns. Each month, we reach a potential audience of 240 million readers by appearing in an average of 167 news outlets. We further amplify this coverage on social media to empower our followers to make lasting health changes. Our social media content has created conversations daily among more than 1.3 million followers on 11 social media accounts. In 2018, we launched The Exam Room podcast which has reached more than 2.3 million people to date. These communications combined have reached hundreds of millions of people around the globe.On our websites, we post news about our peer-reviewed medical studies, our medical perspective on cultural commentary, our recommendations to strengthen scientific research standards, and expert-authored consumer health tips. In FY 2019, the Physicians Committee's websites received about 6.4 million visitors and 7.7 million page views. OTHER PROGRAM SERVICES 6: Clinical ResearchThe Physicians Committee designs and conducts clinical health and nutrition research studies, with the goal of motivating more attention in diet and prevention among health care workers, medical researchers, policymakers, and patients.The paper entitled A plant-based diet in overweight individuals in a 16-week randomized clinical trial: metabolic benefits of plant protein, published in Nutrition & Diabetes by Physicians Committee research staff, showed that plant protein, as a part of a plant-based diet, and the resulting limitation of leucine and histidine intake are associated with improvements in body composition and reductions in both body weight and insulin resistance. This study demonstrates the potential of plant protein for weight management and may influence the dietary recommendations.Physicians Committee researchers co-authored a case study demonstrating a complete remission of Crohns disease with a plant-based diet. This case study describes a young adult male with newly diagnosed Crohns disease who failed to enter clinical remission despite standard medical therapy. After switching to a diet based exclusively on grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits, he entered clinical remission without need for medication and showed no signs of Crohns disease on follow-up colonoscopy. This case study gives hope to patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease and needs to be taken into account when making dietary recommendations to these patients.A Physicians Committee researcher co-authored a systematic review and meta-analysis on vegetarian dietary patterns and major cardiovascular outcomes, published in Frontiers in Nutrition, showing that vegetarian diets reduce cardiovascular mortality and incidence. This paper highlights the usefulness of plant-based diets for people with elevated cardiovascular risk.The Physicians Committee published a letter to the editor of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, exposing the dairy industry funding and the methodological issues in a prospective study that was trying to prove that eating dairy is not contributing to cardiovascular disease. We suggest that the contribution of dairy products to cardiovascular risk is best adjudicated in carefully designed randomized trials. Such trials have already indicated weight gain associated with consumption of both low-fat and whole-fat dairy and a considerable risk from saturated fat intake. This suggests that the dairy industrys appeals for a more generous verdict should not be so easily granted.Two papers in Nutrients by Physicians Committee research staff and colleagues showed that vegetable fat and carbohydrates, as part of a plant-based diet, may play an important role in body weight regulation. Physicians Committee research staff and colleagues published a review paper entitled The effects of vegetarian and vegan diets on gut microbiota in Frontiers in Nutrition. A plant-based diet appears to be beneficial for human health by promoting the development of more diverse and stable microbial systems. High fiber intake also encourages the growth of species that ferment fiber into metabolites as short-chain fatty acids, which improve immunity against pathogens, promote blood-brain barrier integrity, provide energy substrates, and regulate critical functions of the intestine. The available literature suggests that a vegetarian/vegan diet is effective in promoting a diverse ecosystem of beneficial bacteria to support both human gut microbiome and overall health.Another paper by Physicians Committee research staff and colleagues, entitled Plant-based diets for cardiovascular safety and performance in endurance sports, published in Nutrients, showed the practical implementation of the research and suggested the use of plant-based diets to boost the performance in athletes.Physicians Committee research staff published a paper entitled The thermic effect of food: a review in the Journal of American College of Nutrition. The thermic effect of food is the increase in the metabolic rate that occurs after a meal and represents a potentially modifiable component of energy expenditure, therefore playing an important role in weight management. Evidence suggests that the thermic effect of food is increased by larger meal sizes (as opposed to frequent small meals), intake of carbohydrate and protein (as opposed to dietary fat), and low-fat plant-based diets. This highlights the usefulness of plant-based diets for weight management.Our current randomized crossover clinical trial is comparing the effects of a low-fat, plant-based diet to a Mediterranean diet on body weight, metabolism, and body composition. Using indirect calorimetry, we are measuring metabolism of overweight and/or obese participants in the fasting state, and then for three hours after a standard meal. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used to assess detailed body composition. The participants insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism is also tested. All of these tests are performed at baseline and after 16 weeks of a low-fat vegan versus Mediterranean diet, at week 20 (after a four-week wash-out period), and at week 36 (after 16 weeks of the second intervention). Sixty-two participants were enrolled and started the study. This study will provide important insights for dietary recommendations.Using the design of a randomized crossover trial, we are testing the effects of dietary cholesterol on serum cholesterol levels in vegans who have no baseline dietary cholesterol intake. This study will provide the dose-response information on how much dietary cholesterol affects blood lipids and cardiovascular risk. We are currently conducting a randomized crossover trial, exploring the power of a Form 990, Part VI, Line 7a: How Members or Shareholders Elect Governing Body The membership (of which there is only one class) has the right to elect or appoint the governing body. Form 990, Part VI, Line 7b: Describe Decisions of Governing Body Approval by Members or Shareholders The membership (of which there is only one class) has the right to approve the board's decision to amend the articles of incorporation and amend the bylaws. Form 990, Part VI, Line 11b: Form 990 Review Process Before it is filed, a Draft copy of Form 990 is sent to each member of the board. The Form 990 is accompanied by a letter illuminating the most important information on Form 990 and addressing any potential difficulties or controversies (if any). The letter asks each board member to respond by a date certain if they have any questions or input regarding Form 990. Also before it is filed, a representative from the preparers audit firm will review Form 990 with the Form 990 Review Committee, which consists of members of the audit committee and the Vice President of Legal Affairs. Upon unanimous approval of the draft 990 by individuals noted above, and after addressing any concerns and/or other input from the full board, Form 990 is filed with the I.R.S. Form 990, Part VI, Line 12c: Explanation of Monitoring and Enforcement of Conflicts Each year board members are required to complete a detailed questionnaire designed to help them determine whether they have a conflict of interest. The board reviews the completed questionnaires, along with the conflict of interest policy, together annually. Form 990, Part VI, Line 15a: Compensation Review & Approval Process - CEO, Top Management Dr. Barnards (President of Physicians Committee) compensation was determined as follows: During a regular meeting the Physicians Committee's board reviewed data, including published salary surveys and compensation data from Form 990s from other charitable organizations, reflecting comparable compensation for similarly qualified persons in functionally comparable positions at similarly situated organizations. Dr. Barnard was then asked to step out of the room, at which time the remaining independent board members discussed whether Dr. Barnards compensation is objectively reasonable, and upon finding it to be so, the board officially approved Dr. Barnards compensation. The deliberation and decision were contemporaneously substantiated. Form 990, Part VI, Line 15b: Compensation Review and Approval Process for Officers and Key Employees Betsy Wason's (Physicians Committees Assistant Secretary and Vice President for Development) compensation was determined as follows: During a regular meeting the Physicians Committee's board reviewed data, including published salary surveys and compensation data from Form 990s from other charitable organizations, reflecting comparable compensation for similarly qualified persons in functionally comparable positions at similarly situated organizations. Ms. Wason was not present at this board meeting. The board members discussed whether Ms. Wasons compensation is objectively reasonable, and upon finding it to be so, the board officially approved Ms. Wasons compensation. The deliberation and decision were contemporaneously substantiated. Form 990, Part VI, Line 19: Other Organization Documents Publicly Available PHYSICIANS COMMITTEES AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FORM 990, FORM 990-T AND FORM 1023 ARE AVAILABLE BY REQUEST. THE AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FORM 990 ARE ALSO AVAILABLE ON ITS OWN WEBSITE AT WWW.PCRM.ORG. PHYSICIANS COMMITTEES FORM 990 IS ALSO AVAILABLE ON OTHER SITES SUCH AS WWW.GUIDESTAR.ORG. PHYSICIANS COMMITTEE MAKES ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY AND OTHER GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE ON AN AS NEEDED BASIS, SUBJECT TO THE DISCRETION OF THE ORGANIZATION. Sch C Part IV schedule SChedule C, Part II-A affiliated group members schedule. The PCRM Foundation 5100 Wisconsin Ave NW Suite 400 Washington DC 20016 731669893 Supporting Organization DC 501(c)(3) Type I - 11A Physicians Committee For Responsible Med true PCRM Clinic dba Barnard Medical Center 5100 Wisconsin Ave NW 401 Washington DC 20016 464057257 To provide primary medical care DC 501(c)(3) 10 Physicians Committee for Responsible Med true false true true false false false false false false true true false true false false true true false false The PCRM Foundation b 1500000 fmv The PCRM Foundation c 210159 fmv The PCRM Foundation k 115000 lease agreement PCRM Clinic dba Barnard Medical Center j 104000 fmv PCRM Clinic dba Barnard Medical Center q 50486 FMV