2021-03-01T15:53:51-06:00 2020-06-30 221478099 COHNREZNICK LLP 7501 WISCONSIN AVENUE SUITE 400E BETHESDA MD 20814 990 2019-07-01 530196598 JEWISH SOCIAL SERVICE AGENCY JEWI 3018162602 200 WOOD HILL ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20850 CAROLINE APPLEBY CFO 3018162602 2021-02-22 1 DANIEL O'SHEA P00957510 3016529100 2021-02-19 2019 2022-09-23 18:48:47Z TODD SCHENK 200 WOOD HILL ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20850 39792619 0 X WWW.JSSA.ORG X 1933 DC JSSA EMPOWERS INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES TO ACHIEVE WELL-BEING ACROSS THEIR LIFESPAN. 24 24 338 1110 0 0 11817038 12337034 15459679 17073408 1157261 1546347 1748 2 28435726 30956791 631387 790393 0 0 16943766 20046551 84360 75000 1094249 10146309 11641526 27805822 32553470 629904 -1596679 65891216 68484557 9197619 13592579 56693597 54891978 X SEE SCHEDULE O 0 0 11395478 0 12955104 SEE SCHEDULE O 7304786 289108 353186 SEE SCHEDULE O 7752513 360545 2758830 SEE SCHEDULE O 1303019 17 989219 SPECIALIZED EMPLOYMENT 348254 HOMECARE SERVICES 395434 140723 17069 OTHER PROGRAMS 2046707 140740 1006288 28499484 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 158 0 1 338 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 24 24 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 DC MD CA FL NY VA X X CAROLINE APPLEBY 3018162602 200 WOOD HILL ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20850 CANDI KAPLAN PRESIDENT 2.00 1.00 X X 0 0 0 SCOTT GREEN VICE PRESIDENT 2.00 1.00 X X 0 0 0 RUTH RUSKIN VICE PRESIDENT 2.00 1.00 X X 0 0 0 ROBIN THOMASHAUER SECRETARY 2.00 1.00 X X 0 0 0 MICHAEL MAEL TREASURER 2.00 1.00 X X 0 0 0 DAVID FLYER BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 SANDRA A SELLERS BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 RHONDA BRANDES BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 RITA CORWIN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 YVONNE DISTENFELD BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 CHARLES W FRICK BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 PATTI GOLDMAN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 MICHAEL GOLDSMITH BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 ROBERTA HOCHBERG BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 NANCY KAPLAN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 HAROLD KRAUTHAMER BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 CAPT SOLOMON LEVY BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 SUZANNE LEVY BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 ESTHER NEWMAN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 MARCIA NUSGART BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 GRANT OTTENSTEIN BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 PAT SILVER BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 JEFF YENTIS BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 JOE ROSENBERG BOARD MEMBER 1.00 X 0 0 0 TODD SCHENK CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 36.50 1.00 X 367604 0 44000 JOHN J KENNEY COO (END: 12/31/2019) 37.50 X 229039 0 34900 KYLIE MCCLEAF COO (START: 03/30/2020) 37.50 X 0 0 0 CAROLINE APPLEBY CFO 36.50 1.00 X 179341 0 64358 MICHAEL WESTERMAN MEDICAL DIRECTOR 37.50 X 224985 0 19398 DEBORAH PEEPLES CHIEF DEVELOPMENT OFFICER 37.50 X 188586 0 30474 JOSEPH WILSON DIRECTOR MH 37.50 X 160306 0 28218 JENNIFER RIPKIN CHIEF HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICER 37.50 X 174962 0 58100 JOYCE SEXTON HOSPICE DIRECTOR 37.50 X 165016 0 25449 1689839 0 304897 21 0 1 0 CIRCLE OF FRIENDS LLC 17830 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVENUE SUITE 3 ASHTON MD 20861 HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES 503695 PERSONAL HOME CARE LLC 10 CROSSROADS DRIVE SUITE 110 OWINGS MILLS MD 21117 HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES 421217 NTIVA INC 7900 WESTPARK DRIVE SUITE A-100 MCLEAN VA 22102 IT SERVICES 393709 S AND S PROPERTIES 25 HOOKS LANE SUITE 200 BALTIMORE MD 21208 HOME HEALTH CARE SERVICES 307619 GMMB INC 3050 K STREET NW SUITE 100 WASHINGTON DC 20007 MARKETING/ADVERTISING 213845 14 29778 7803882 4503374 112629 12337034 PATIENT SERVICES 900099 17056553 17056553 TRAINING INSTITUTE FEES 900099 16855 16855 17073408 889695 889695 9492480 8835828 656652 656652 656652 MISCELLANEOUS 900099 2 2 2 30956791 17073408 0 1546349 X 30985 30985 759408 759408 741995 642271 72826 26898 15816248 13688858 1548466 578924 62393 32990 25082 4321 2234457 1959641 210569 64247 1191458 1034792 115497 41169 14184 14184 68855 13560 55295 75000 75000 79535 79535 5928353 5641036 200014 87303 216067 149683 61875 4509 502814 360770 93339 48705 594182 470979 51241 71962 625760 570508 47669 7583 206104 202850 3010 244 86406 24139 27618 34649 195754 14368 181386 818448 666189 128890 23369 151132 129532 17512 4088 MEDICAL EQUIP. & SUPPLI 1550676 1550676 HEALTH, MEDICAL, AND NU 242465 242465 OTHER EXPENSES 198850 138426 52585 7839 DUES, LICENSES & OTHER 104060 49914 40707 13439 57881 45909 11972 32553470 28499484 2959737 1094249 1402950 6921795 1861525 1615060 3231894 1355530 2046860 1802077 226719 436438 20313421 6092577 14521303 14220844 36658617 35873821 5221015 5534696 720333 724296 65891216 68484557 1198467 1702930 157643 1537692 7206399 6409750 3297930 635110 644277 9197619 13592579 X 25205727 24294548 31487870 30597430 56693597 54891978 65891216 68484557 -1596679 -204940 0 X 0 1 X 1 0 X 7836286 10201389 13208397 11817038 12337034 55400144 7836286 10201389 13208397 11817038 12337034 55400144 55400144 867067 705873 945556 836776 889695 4244967 59645111 72593175 0.92880 0.91800 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 41728298 1028196 1250797 2417684 41589607 41599922 507298 2109508 2488430 41728298 38469101 2057240 3060433 1986852 41599922 35451095 1251368 3861909 2001075 94196 38469101 37894197 526397 -742764 2117553 109182 35451095 0.28160 0.71840 0 0 2512911 2512911 9389505 2585702 6803803 4416104 975858 3440246 2068041 1433298 634743 1926860 1097719 829141 14220844 ACL ALTERNATIVE FUND 2766882 F SKYBRIDGE ALTERNATIVE FUND 1336558 F BLACKSTONE ALTERNATIVE FUND 1431256 F 5534696 DEFERRED COMP PLAN LIABILITY 644277 644277 X 34894983 -204940 226553 4031007 4052620 30842363 79535 34893 114428 30956791 36749630 226553 4049142 4275695 32473935 79535 79535 32553470 PART V, LINE 4: THE ORGANIZATION'S ENDOWMENT CONSISTS OF 15 FUNDS ESTABLISHED TO SUPPORT A VARIETY OF THE ORGANIZATION'S PROGRAMS. PART X, LINE 2: JSSA BELIEVES THAT IT HAS APPROPRIATE SUPPORT FOR ANY TAX POSITIONS TAKEN, AND, AS SUCH, DOES NOT HAVE ANY UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS THAT ARE MATERIAL TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. JSSA RECOGNIZES PENALTIES AND INTEREST RELATED TO INCOME TAXES ON UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS IN ACCOUNTS PAYABLE, ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER LIABILITIES ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION AND MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES ON THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ACTIVITIES AND CHANGE IN NET ASSETS. FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019, JSSA PAID INCOME TAX EXPENSE RELATED TO QUALIFIED TRANSPORTATION FRINGE BENEFITS OF APPROXIMATELY $300 AS A RESULT OF THE TAX CUTS AND JOBS ACT. IN DECEMBER 2019, THE PASSING OF THE FURTHER CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT REPEALED THE TAXATION OF QUALIFIED TRANSPORTATION FRINGE BENEFITS. JSSA DID NOT HAVE ANY UNRELATED BUSINESS INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2020. TAX YEARS PRIOR TO 2016 FOR JSSA AND PREMIER ARE NO LONGER SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION BY THE IRS OR THE STATE TAX JURISDICTIONS OF MARYLAND, VIRGINIA AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: NET REVENUE OF AFFILIATE INCLUDED IN CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 4,061,992. REVENUE RECEIVED FROM AFFILIATE - ELIMINATED ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STMTS -30,985. PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: FUNDRAISING EXPENSES NETTED WITH REVENUE ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STMTS 34,893. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: EXPENSES OF AFFILIATE INCLUDED IN CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 4,115,020. EXPENSES PAID TO AFFILIATE - ELIMINATED ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -30,985. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES NETTED WITH REVENUE ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STMTS -34,893. X X X X X X X 1 AEM CONSULTING GROUP LLC 3902 12TH STREET SOUTH ARLINGTON VA 22204 FUNDRAISING CONSULTING 0 2014760 75000 1939760 2014760 75000 1939760 MD VA DC FL CA NY 1 PREMIER HOMECARE INC 6123 MONTROSE ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20852 522224485 501(C)(3) 30985 HOME-BASED CARE 1 SCHOLARSHIPS 36 111509 SPECIAL NEED CLIENTS-PAID SERVICES OR PRODUCTS 69 358706 FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE 464 289193 PART I, LINE 2: THE ORGANIZATION HAS A FORMAL APPLICATION PROCESS FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE. RECORDS OF WHO RECEIVES ASSISTANCE ARE MAINTAINED WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION'S CLIENT RECORDS. X 0 1 X X X X X 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TODD SCHENK CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 366362 0 0 0 1242 0 44000 0 0 0 411604 0 0 0 JOHN J KENNEY COO (END: 12/31/2019) 227039 0 0 0 2000 0 34900 0 0 0 263939 0 0 0 CAROLINE APPLEBY CFO 178235 0 0 0 1106 0 29838 0 34520 0 243699 0 0 0 MICHAEL WESTERMAN MEDICAL DIRECTOR 224504 0 0 0 481 0 19398 0 0 0 244383 0 0 0 DEBORAH PEEPLES CHIEF DEVELOPMENT OFFICER 182475 0 0 0 6111 0 29950 0 524 0 219060 0 0 0 JOSEPH WILSON DIRECTOR MH 160019 0 0 0 287 0 28218 0 0 0 188524 0 0 0 JENNIFER RIPKIN CHIEF HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICER 174268 0 0 0 694 0 23908 0 34192 0 233062 0 0 0 JOYCE SEXTON HOSPICE DIRECTOR 164137 0 0 0 879 0 14424 0 11025 0 190465 0 0 0 PART I, LINE 1A MODEST DISCRETIONARY SPENDING ACCOUNTS ARE PROVIDED TO CERTAIN EMPLOYEES WHO HAVE DEMONSTRATED GREATER THAN DE MINIMIS USE OF THEIR PERSONAL VEHICLES AND/OR CELL PHONES FOR THE COMPANY BUSINESS. THESE AMOUNTS ARE INCLUDED IN COMPENSATION FOR THESE EMPLOYEES. PART I, LINE 1B THE CEO OF THE ORGANIZATION REVIEWED THE EXPENSES INCURRED BY THE EMPLOYEE RECEIVING THE BENEFITS, AND THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD REVIEWED THE EXPENSES FOR THE CEO. PART I, LINE 4B THE ORGANIZATION MAINTAINS A SUPPLEMENTAL NONQUALIFIED RETIREMENT PLAN. NO AMOUNTS WERE CONTRIBUTED OR DISTRIBUTED IN 2019. X 17 112629 FMV 0 1 1 PART I, COLUMN (B): AMOUNT REPRESENTS THE NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS. PART I, LINE 32B: AN AUCTION HOUSE PICKS UP CARS FROM THE DONOR AND SELLS AT AUCTION. THE DONOR IS NOTIFIED PRIOR TO THE AUCTION, AND THE AUCTION HOUSE FEE IS DEDUCTED FROM THE PROCEEDS FROM THE DONATED VEHICLE THAT ARE REMITTED TO THE FILING ORGANIZATION. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 1, ORGANIZATION'S MISSION: JSSA (JEWISH SOCIAL SERVICE AGENCY) HELPS CHILDREN, TEENS, ADULTS, AND SENIORS DEAL WITH LIFE'S EMOTIONAL, SOCIAL, AND PHYSICAL CHALLENGES BY PROMOTING HEALTH, WELL-BEING, AND RENEWAL. IN FY 2020, JSSA SERVED AND SUPPORTED 24,835 INDIVIDUALS OF EVERY FAITH, ACROSS THE METRO DC AREA, THROUGH MENTAL HEALTH, DISABILITY EMPLOYMENT, AGING IN PLACE & HOLOCAUST SERVICE PROGRAM, AND PREMIER HOMECARE AND JSSA HOSPICE SERVICES. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: HOSPICE AND END-OF-LIFE CARE SUPPORT SERVICE: JSSA'S HOSPICE SERVED 5,076 INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR FAMILIES FACING A LIFE-LIMITING ILLNESS. AN INTERDISCIPLINARY TEAM OF REGISTERED NURSES, HOSPICE PHYSICIANS, SOCIAL WORKERS, CHAPLAINS, HOSPICE AIDES, AND VOLUNTEERS PROVIDE COMPASSIONATE CARE. TRAINED VOLUNTEERS OFFER ADDITIONAL FAMILY SUPPORT. BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT IS PROVIDED FOR 13 MONTHS FOLLOWING A LOVED ONE'S LOSS. TRANSITIONS IS A FREE NON-MEDICAL SOCIAL SUPPORT PROGRAM TO HELP INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR FAMILIES UNDERSTAND COMMUNITY RESOURCES, CARE OPTIONS, AND CHOICES FOR THOSE LIVING WITH A LIFE-LIMITING ILLNESS. JSSA HOSPICE IS LICENSED BY THE STATE OF MARYLAND AND ACCREDITED BY COMMUNITY HEALTH ACCREDITATION PARTNERS, A LEADER IN-HOME CARE ACCREDITATION. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: SENIOR AND HOLOCAUST SURVIVOR SERVICES: JSSA'S SKILLED PROFESSIONALS AND TRAINED VOLUNTEERS HELP 3,447 SENIORS AND THEIR FAMILIES MAINTAIN THEIR WELL-BEING, SAFETY, AND INDEPENDENCE AND AVOID HOSPITALIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONALIZATIONS. LICENSED, TRAINED CARE MANAGERS COORDINATE COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES, INCLUDING ESCORTED TRANSPORTATION, MEALS ON WHEELS, FRIENDLY VISITORS AND SOCIAL PROGRAMS, HOME CARE, AND MORE. COUNSELING/MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES ARE INSURANCE REIMBURSABLE. JSSA'S HOLOCAUST SURVIVOR PROGRAM SERVED 470 MEN AND WOMEN SURVIVORS LIVING INDEPENDENTLY IN THE COMMUNITY, AND SUPPORTED 940 OF THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS TOGETHER WITH THE CONFERENCE ON JEWISH MATERIAL CLAIMS AGAINST GERMANY (CLAIMS CONFERENCE), JFNA, THE JEWISH FEDERATION OF GREATER WASHINGTON, AND THE GREATER JEWISH COMMUNITY. COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES ENSURE SURVIVORS LIVE SAFELY WITH DIGNITY, INDEPENDENCE, AND WELL-BEING. JSSA PROVIDES LIMITED URGENT NEEDS ASSISTANCE, CLAIMS FILING ASSISTANCE, CARE MANAGEMENT, HOMEMAKER AND PERSONAL ASSISTANCE, PRO BONO, DENTAL, HEARING AND EYE CARE PROGRAM, KOSHER MEALS ON WHEELS, AND ESCORTED TRANSPORTATION TO MEDICAL APPOINTMENTS. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4C, PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENTS: COMPREHENSIVE MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: JSSA'S LICENSED PROFESSIONAL AND COMPASSIONATE CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKERS, CARE MANAGERS, PSYCHOLOGISTS, AND PSYCHIATRISTS PROVIDE A WIDE ARRAY OF COUNSELING AND SPECIALIZED PROGRAMS FOR 9,258 CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, ADULTS, COUPLES, AND PARENTS. INDIVIDUALIZED PROGRAMS ARE DEVELOPED AFTER AN ASSESSMENT THAT INCLUDES TREATMENT, INTERVENTION, AND SUPPORT SERVICES SPECIFIC TO EACH UNIQUE SITUATION. SERVICES INCLUDE COUNSELING, EARLY CHILDHOOD SERVICES, SUICIDE GRIEF SUPPORT, RELATIONSHIP COACHING, DIVORCE AND SEPARATION SERVICES, AND HOME STUDIES. JSSA STRIVES TO PROVIDE THE BROADEST ACCESS FOR AFFORDABLE MENTAL HEALTH CARE BY PLACING THERAPISTS IN COMMUNITY SITES, INCLUDING PEDIATRICIAN AND GERIATRICIAN OFFICES, SCHOOLS, SENIOR HOUSING SITES, AND SYNAGOGUES. JSSA OFFERS LIFE AND SOCIAL SKILLS WORKSHOPS, GROUPS, AND CLUBS FOR INDIVIDUALS STRUGGLING WITH SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL, AND PHYSICAL CHALLENGES AND BEREAVEMENT SUPPORT GROUPS IN MARYLAND AND NORTHERN VIRGINIA. JSSA TRAINING INSTITUTE OFFERS CEU'S BY CONSULTATIONS AND EXPERT LEADERSHIP ON VARIOUS CLINICAL TOPICS FOR PROFESSIONALS THROUGH THE DC AREA. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 2 BOARD MEMBERS SOLOMON AND SUZANNE LEVY ARE HUSBAND AND WIFE. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS REVIEWS FORM 990 BEFORE IT IS FILED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY IS DISTRIBUTED TO BOARD MEMBERS AT NEW BOARD MEMBER ORIENTATION AND AGAIN ANNUALLY. AN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT IS RECEIVED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE (A SUB-COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD) GATHERS COMPARATIVE DATA, PERFORMS COMPENSATION STUDIES AND APPROVES THE COMPENSATION. NONE OF THESE COMPENSATED EMPLOYEES ARE ON THE BOARD OR COMPENSATION COMMITTEE. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING DOCUMENTS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. THE ORGANIZATION'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ARE AVAILABLE ON THEIR WEBSITE, AND ARE ALSO MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC UPON REQUEST. FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 11G OTHER PROFESSIONAL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 984,267. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 161,908. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 81,091. TOTAL EXPENSES 1,227,266. PENSION SERVICE FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 0. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 7,211. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 7,211. PAYROLL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 104,209. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 14,928. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 3,495. TOTAL EXPENSES 122,632. CUSTODIAL: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 108,807. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 15,967. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 2,717. TOTAL EXPENSES 127,491. INTERPRETER: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 4,203. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 4,203. TEMPORARY STAFF: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 1,061. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 1,061. MEDICAL PROVIDERS: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 4,438,489. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 0. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 4,438,489. ROUTE 28 ASSOCIATES 6123 MONTROSE ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20852 300320365 HOLD PROPERTY MD 0 2512911 JSSA PREMIER HOMECARE INC 6123 MONTROSE ROAD ROCKVILLE MD 20852 522224485 HOMECARE MD 501(C)(3) LINE 10 JSSA 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1