2021-07-12T15:50:38-05:00 2020-08-31 EISNERAMPER LLP 733 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK NY 100172703 990 2019-09-01 135253530 Modern Language Association of America % TERRENCE CALLAGHAN MODE 6465765000 85 BROAD STREET Suite 500 NEW YORK NY 100042434 PAULA M KREBS Executive Director 6465765000 2021-07-12 true WILLIAM EPSTEIN P01307171 2129498700 2019 2022-09-23 18:48:47Z PAULA M KREBS 85 BROAD STREET500 NEW YORK NY 100042434 16498197 false X www.mla.org X 1883 MD THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA IS A NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION DEVOTED TO ENCOURAGING THE STUDY AND TEACHING OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE. 17 17 146 0 141813 3301 1191722 514698 14375238 13741233 356011 261394 286620 62716 16209591 14580041 224293 358405 0 0 10416338 10649060 0 0 164294 6160238 5167997 16800869 16175462 -591278 -1595421 24790468 25884742 3754857 5320489 21035611 20564253 X THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA IS A NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION DEVOTED TO ENCOURAGING THE STUDY AND TEACHING OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE. (SEE SCHEDULE O) false false 6359316 10683600 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND PUBLICATIONS: (see schedule o) 5994107 358405 30587633 CONVENTION, MEMBERSHIP, AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES: (see schedule o) 12353423 true true false true false false false false false true true false false false true true true false false false true false true false false false false true true true false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false false true 213 0 146 true true true false false false false true true false false false false false false X 17 17 false false false false true true false true true false false true true true true true true true true false IN NY X TERRENCE CALLAGHAN 6465765000 85 BROAD STREET SUITE 500 NEW YORK NY 100042434 PAULA M KREBS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 35.0 0.0 X 279208 0 35430 TERRENCE CALLAGHAN DIRECTOR OF ADMIM AND FINANCE 35.0 0.0 X 204523 0 32948 DENNIS LOONEY DIRECTOR OF PROGRAMS AND ADFL 35.0 0.0 X 177362 0 44378 ANGELA GIBSON DIRECTOR SCHOLARY COMMUNIC. 35.0 0.0 X 148389 0 39536 MARY ONORATO DIRECTOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICE 35.0 0.0 X 152734 0 28701 NEIL BALAVRAM HEAD OF SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS 35.0 0.0 X 153278 0 15497 MICHAEL LIVOLSI HEAD OF DATA DESIGN 35.0 0.0 X 147915 0 0 JUDITH BUTLER PRESIDENT 5.0 0.0 X X 0 0 0 SIMON E GIKANDI TO 12020 PRESIDENT 5.0 0.0 X X 0 0 0 BARBARA FUCHS FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT 2.0 0.0 X X 0 0 0 CHRISTOPHER JOHN NEWFIELD SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT 5.0 0.0 X X 0 0 0 ERIC HAYOT EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JEAN ELIZABETH HOWARD EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ANN KALSCHEUR SUAREZ EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ELIZABETH MATHEEWS LOSH EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ANJALI PRABHU EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 LEAH RICHARDS EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 RAMON SALDIVAR EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JULIE SHOULTS EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 EVIE SHOCKLEY EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 DANA A WILLIAMS EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 SAMER MAHDY ALI EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 LISA KARAKAYA EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 JAHAN RAMAZANI EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 IGNACIO SANCHEZ PRADO EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 ANGELIKA BAMMER TO 12020 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 AMANDA LICASTRO TO 12020 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 DAVID TSE-CHIEN PAN TO 12020 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 RAFAEL MENDOZA TO 12020 EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBER 1.0 0.0 X 0 0 0 1263409 0 196490 21 false true false INNODATA INC 55 CHALLENGER ROAD RIDGEFIELD PARK NJ 07660 WEBSITE CONSULTANT 224150 THAUMATURGIX INC 118 N BEDFORD ROARD SUITE 100 MT KISCO NY 10549 WEB DESIGN 224288 FREEMAN PO BOX 734596 DALLAS TX 75373 AUDIO VISUAL SERVICE 182517 VELEZ GAVILAN LLC PO BOX 8144 SAN JUAN 0 RQ 00910 CONSULT-ACCOUNTING 112937 4 514698 514698 PUBLICATIONS 511120 9753821 9617851 135970 MEMBERSHIP DUES 813920 1845521 1845521 ANNUAL MEETING 813920 1212112 1212112 JOB INFORMATION SERVICE 561311 602589 602589 LIBRARY SUBSCRIPTIONS 519120 327190 327190 13741233 212613 212613 0 50306 50306 0 0 0 1966937 1918156 48781 48781 48781 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MAILING LIST RENTAL 511140 11699 5843 5856 MISCELLANEOUS 900099 711 711 12410 14580041 13605263 141813 318267 105274 105274 221177 221177 31954 31954 0 689143 243462 445681 0 7681632 6330307 1247058 104267 470994 403135 61991 5868 1286866 1115964 154534 16368 520425 442107 71917 6401 0 87428 87428 63000 63000 0 0 41439 41439 508670 385393 123252 25 108440 108440 289212 192139 96980 93 1121968 577814 538960 5194 7285 7285 1400937 1047497 336646 16794 231029 168542 61745 742 0 325219 225659 99560 13061 13061 0 430298 314955 110293 5050 51007 51007 PRINTING 411549 409324 1944 281 DUES 61309 16414 44823 72 MISCELLANEOUS 16146 6581 6426 3139 16175462 12353423 3657745 164294 157509 14534 3571989 3239790 0 0 1693437 1897675 0 0 0 0 0 0 155451 40002 3148329 2610846 1474758 859696 710597 615062 14491038 16909478 0 0 0 0 0 0 862118 557355 24790468 25884742 805237 827151 0 0 1329202 1129905 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1635920 1620418 1727513 3754857 5320489 X 16193828 15564492 4841783 4999761 21035611 20564253 24790468 25884742 -1595421 1124063 X false true X true false X 205658 597531 483969 1191722 514698 2993578 15098532 14782305 14214375 14207103 13606263 71908578 0 0 0 15304190 15379836 14698344 15398825 14120961 74902156 0 0 0 74902156 315810 350686 508091 475138 262919 1912644 8276 864 2595 2184 3301 17220 324086 351550 510686 477322 266220 1929864 0 23967 20718 114023 230572 12410 401690 15652243 15752104 15323053 16106719 14399591 77233710 0.96981 0.96781 0.02499 0.02712 X OTHER INCOME, PART III, LINE 12 OTHER INCOME INCLUDES MAILING LIST RENTAL AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INCOME. RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED false true false false false true 52444 false true 489 false 52933 false PART II-B LINE 1 LOBBYING ACTIVITIES: A description of the MLAs lobbying efforts in 201920 follows. PaulA M. Krebs served on the board of the National Humanities Alliance (NHA), and Stephen Kidd, the executive director of the NHA, did the direct lobbying for the NHA. As in the past, the NHA board met to discuss the NHAs administration, staffing, budget, and support services. The NHA board formulated plans for educating NHA members and members of Congress about the importance and value of the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) and of scholarship in the humanistic disciplines. Kidd implemented the actions the board recommended. Humanities Advocacy Day is an activity of the NHA. The NHAs 2020 annual meeting and Humanities Advocacy Day were held 910 March in Washington, DC. Over the two-day period, 209 advocates participated in advocacy training, an NEH grants workshop, a humanities grants overview session, panel presentations, a keynote luncheon, policy briefings, a Capitol Hill reception, and visits to congressional offices to request support for the NEH and for federally funded language programs. The MLA supports the event by paying transportation expenses for members from states whose legislators represented key votes on support for humanities funding. MLA member Margaret Johnson, professor of English and Director of Composition at Idaho State University, traveled to Washington, DC to meet with the Idaho delegation. Johnson and other advocates met with Senators Mike Crapo (R-ID) and James Risch (R-ID) and Representative Russ Fulcher (R-ID). I did not participate in any Congressional visits. In 201920, the MLA was a member of the Coalition for International Education (CIE), an organization made up of more than thirty national higher education associations. The CIE informs policy makers, education and private-sector officials, and the media about national needs in international and foreign language education and focuses on promoting and supporting Title VI and Fulbright-Hays programs. In October 2019, MLA staff members helped the CIE develop a definition of heritage language learners for a bill on Title VI and Fulbright-Hays funding drafted by the House Education and Labor Committee. On 11 March, the CIE held its annual advocacy event virtually. More than 100 international educators and association leaders from across the United States participated in the Webinar. Webinar speakers included, Steve Heuer, Assistant Vice President for Government Affairs at New York University, Brandon Mendoza, Senior Legislative Assistant for Representative Susan Davis (D-CA), Brian Moulton, Senior Counsel to Senator Tammy Baldwin (D-WI), and Miriam Kazanjian, leading consultant on International Education and Government Relations. On 12 March, the majority of the participants contacted their Congressional offices remotely, while others had in-person meetings, where possible. A debriefing call was held on 16 March. In May 2020, the MLA signed on to two of the CIEs letters, which urged the Senate and House appropriations committees to increase federal support for International Education and Foreign Language Studies, and Fulbright-Hays programs. In addition, Dennis Looney, director of the MLAs Office of Programs of and the Association of Departments of Foreign Languages, and Ms. Krebd participated in CIE teleconferences concerning funding for international education and other Department of Education programs. The MLA was also affiliated with the Joint National Committee for Languages (JNCL) in 201920. The JNCL represents more than 300,000 professionals and has over 100 members, including national, regional, and state organizations encompassing most areas of the K16 language field. The JNCL holds its Language Advocacy Day and annual Delegate Assembly meeting in Washington, DC, where members promote public awareness of language issues. Dennis Looney, the MLAs director of programs and ADFL, represents the MLA at the JNCL Delegate Assembly meetings, but he did not attend the 2020 meetings. Natalia Lusin, Associate Director of Programs and Head of Research, represented the MLA at the JNCLs 2020 Language Advocacy Day, held 56 February. Participants attended panels to learn how to best advocate for languages in general and for certain bills pertaining to language study, and went to scheduled meetings with congressional staffers. Lusin and other advocates met with staffers from the offices of Senators Charles Schumer (D-NY) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY), and Representative Tom Suozzi (D-NY). 9318423 0 938388 355000 9901811 9127374 86650 105399 1000 9318423 8295527 22240 810607 1000 9127374 4290369 3519325 486833 1000 8295527 3971985 24873 294511 1000 4290369 0.99100 0.00520 0.00380 false false 466808 111144 355664 1007950 748552 259398 615062 0 OBLIGATIONS UNDER CAPITAL LEASE 43771 DEFERRED RENT PAYABLE 1683742 1727513 X 16054429 1124063 491764 1615827 14438602 41439 100000 141439 14580041 16525787 491764 491764 16034023 41439 100000 141439 16175462 FORM 990, SCHEDULE D, PART V LINE 4 ENDOWMENT FUNDS: THE ENDOWMENT FUND HAS TWO PRIMARY USES FOR THE MLA: AS A RESERVE FUND THAT UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES MAY BE NEEDED FOR THE MLA'S OPERATIONS AND AS A SOURCE OF FUNDING FOR NEW PROJECTS THAT THE COUNCIL DEEMS IMPORTANT BUT THAT THE ANNUAL MLA BUDGET CANNOT SUPPORT. FORM 990, SCHEDULE D, PART X, LINE 2 FASB ASC 740 DISCLOSURE: The MLA is subject to the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 740, Income Taxes, as it relates to accounting and reporting for uncertainty in income taxes. For the MLA, these provisions could be applicable to the incurrence of unrelated business income tax on selling advertising space and renting mailing lists. However, because of the MLA's general tax-exempt status, ASC Topic 740 has not had, and is not expected to have, a material impact on the MLA's financial statements. FORM 990, SCHEDULE D, PART XI LINE 4B AND PART XII, LINE 4B: CONTRIBUTION REVENUE NETTED AGAINST EXPENSES FOR FINANCIAL STATEMENT REPORTING PURPOSES. true Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland) 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 14388 North America 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 9966 East Asia and the Pacific 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 4900 South Asia 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 1300 South America 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 1000 Middle East and North Africa 0 0 Program Services GRANTMAKING 400 0 0 0 0 31954 31954 MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland) 19 7600 WIRE PRIZES AND AWARDS Europe (Including Iceland and Greenland) 11 6788 WIRE MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND North America 14 5466 WIRE PRIZES AND AWARDS North America 7 4500 WIRE PRIZES AND AWARDS East Asia and the Pacific 3 2500 WIRE MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND East Asia and the Pacific 6 2400 WIRE PRIZES AND AWARDS South America 1 1000 WIRE MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND South Asia 2 800 WIRE PRIZES AND AWARDS South Asia 1 500 WIRE MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND Middle East and North Africa 1 400 WIRE false false false false false false FORM 990, SCHEDULE F, Part I, LINE 2 Grant Monitoring: THE WINNERS OF THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION'S AWARDS FOR SCHOLARLY PUBLICATIONS ARE CHOSEN BY COMMITTEES APPOINTED BY THE ASSOCIATION'S COMMITTEE ON HONORS AND AWARDS, WHICH ITSELF IS APPOINTED BY THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. ONLY MEMBERS OF THE MLA MAY BE APPOINTED TO COMMITTEES. THE AWARDS COMMITTEES ARE MADE UP OF ESTABLISHED SCHOLARS; THE MEMBERS OF EACH COMMITTEE THAT DECIDES A SPECIALIZED AWARD ARE SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OR FIELDS COVERED BY THE AWARD. PRIZES ARE AWARDED TO AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS OF PRINT OR DIGITAL SCHOLARLY BOOKS AND PROJECTS, INCLUDING EDITIONS, ANTHOLOGIES, AND TRANSLATIONS. WORKS THAT MEET THE PUBLISHED CRITERIA FOR ELIGIBILITY ARE SUBMITTED TO THE MLA BY AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS AND ARE THEN FORWARDED TO THE RELEVANT AWARDS COMMITTEES. MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEES REVIEW ALL ELIGIBLE ENTRIES, IDENTIFY THE STRONGEST CONTENDERS, AND CONFER AMONG THEMSELVES UNTIL THEY AGREE ON A WINNER. THE MLA AWARDS $400 STIPENDS TO SUPPORT TRAVEL TO ITS ANNUAL CONVENTION. THE STIPENDS ARE AVAILABLE TO GRADUATE STUDENTS, NON-TENURE-TRACK FACULTY MEMBERS, UNEMPLOYED MEMBERS, AND REGULAR AND LIFE MEMBERS RESIDING OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. THE MLA ISSUES CHECKS OR SENDS WIRE TRANSFERS AFTER REVIEWING AND APPROVING TRAVEL-EXPENSE FORMS, WITH RECEIPTS ATTACHED. FORM 990, SCHEDULE F, PART I, LINE 3 AMOUNTS REPORTED IN COLUMN(F) ARE ON THE ACCRUAL METHOD OF ACCOUNTING. true NATIONAL HUMANITIES ALLIANCE 21 DUPONT CIRCLE NW WASHINGTON DC 20036 521395619 501(C)(4) 47444 DUES TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY H MITCHELL PKWY COLLEGE STATION TX 77843 746000531 501(C)(3) 57830 SPONSOR 1 1 MLA CONVENTION TRAVEL STIPEND 206 81277 PRIZES AND AWARDS 237 139900 SCHEDULE I, PART I, LINE 2 GRANTS MONITORING: WINNERS OF THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION'S AWARDS FOR SCHOLARLY PUBLICATIONS ARE CHOSEN BY SPECIAL SELECTION COMMITTEES APPOINTED BY THE ASSOCIATION'S COMMITTEE ON HONORS AND AWARDS, WHICH ITSELF IS APPOINTED BY THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. ONLY MEMBERS OF THE MLA MAY BE APPOINTED TO COMMITTEES. MEMBERS OF THE AWARD COMMITTEES ARE ESTABLISHED SCHOLARS; IN THE CASE OF THE SPECIALIZED AWARDS, COMMITTEE MEMBERS ARE SPECIALISTS IN THE SPECIFIC FIELD OR FIELDS COVERED BY THE AWARD. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE WILLIAM RILEY PARKER PRIZE, WHICH RECOGNIZES AN OUTSTANDING ARTICLE IN THE ASSOCIATION'S JOURNAL, PMLA, ALL THE AWARDS ARE FOR SCHOLARLY BOOKS AND PROJECTS, INCLUDING EDITIONS, ANTHOLOGIES, AND TRANSLATIONS. COPIES OF BOOKS THAT MEET THE PUBLISHED CRITERIA FOR ELIGIBILITY ARE SENT TO THE MLA BY AUTHORS AND PUBLISHERS AND ARE THEN FORWARDED TO THE MEMBERS OF THE RESPECTIVE AWARD COMMITTEES. MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEES REVIEW ALL ELIGIBLE BOOKS, IDENTIFY THE STRONGEST CONTENDERS, AND CONFER AMONG THEMSELVES BY TELEPHONE, E-MAIL, OR IN WRITING UNTIL THEY AGREE ON A WINNER. IN 1998 THE MLA GAVE THE FIRST ALDO AND JEANNE SCAGLIONE AWARD FOR SUBVENTING THE PUBLICATION OF A MANUSCRIPT IN ITALIAN LITERARY STUDIES. ELIGIBLE SUBMISSIONS MAY BE EITHER IN ENGLISH OR ITALIAN, AND MUST BE TENTATIVELY APPROVED OR READY FOR SUBMISSION FOR PUBLICATION BY A NOT-FOR-PROFIT PRESS THAT IS A MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITY PRESSES. THE MLA AWARDS $400 TRAVEL STIPENDS TO GRADUATE STUDENTS, NON-TENURE-TRACK FACULTY MEMBERS AND REGULAR MEMBERS RESIDING OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA TO ATTEND THE MLA'S ANNUAL CONVENTION. THE CHECKS ARE ISSUED AFTER TRAVEL EXPENSE FORMS, WITH RECEIPTS ATTACHED, ARE REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE MLA. X X X X false false false false false false false false false PAULA M KREBS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 279208 0 0 0 0 0 19932 0 15498 0 314638 0 0 0 MARY ONORATO DIRECTOR BIBLIOGRAPHIC SERVICE 152734 0 0 0 0 0 12960 0 15741 0 181435 0 0 0 TERRENCE CALLAGHAN DIRECTOR OF ADMIM AND FINANCE 204523 0 0 0 0 0 17201 0 15747 0 237471 0 0 0 NEIL BALAVRAM HEAD OF SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS 153278 0 0 0 0 0 12861 0 2636 0 168775 0 0 0 DENNIS LOONEY DIRECTOR OF PROGRAMS AND ADFL 177362 0 0 0 0 0 15171 0 29207 0 221740 0 0 0 ANGELA GIBSON DIRECTOR SCHOLARY COMMUNIC. 148389 0 0 0 0 0 12753 0 26783 0 187925 0 0 0 schedule j, PART I, LINE 3 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION POLICY: THE MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL SUBCOMMITTEE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION REVIEW COMPARATIVE SURVEY DATA EACH YEAR BEFORE RECOMMENDING COMPENSATION FOR THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR TO THE REST OF THE COUNCIL. THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR'S COMPENSATION MUST BE APPROVED BY A RECORDED VOTE OF THE FULL EXECUTIVE COUNCIL IN EXECUTIVE SESSION. THE SALARIES OF KEY EMPLOYEES ARE DETERMINED BY THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AFTER CONSULTING COMPARATIVE SALARY SURVEY DATA AND ARE PRESENTED TO THE COUNCIL ONCE A YEAR. FORM 990, PART III, PROGRAM SERVICES, LINE 1 ORGANIZATION MISSION: THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA ("MLA") IS A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION DEVOTED TO ENCOURAGING THE STUDY AND TEACHING OF MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES. FOUNDED IN 1883, THE MLA TODAY SERVES ITS 23,000 MEMBERS THROUGH PUBLICATIONS, PROGRAMS, AND MEETINGS. IT WORKS TO ADVANCE THE INTERESTS OF THE FIELD IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION COMMUNITY AND AMONG THE GENERAL PUBLIC. THE ASSOCIATION WAS INCORPORATED ON APRIL 5, 1900, BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF MARYLAND FOR "EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND SOCIAL OBJECTS AND PURPOSES, AND MORE SPECIFICALLY FOR THE PROMOTION OF THE ACADEMIC AND SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF THE ENGLISH, GERMAN, SPANISH, ITALIAN AND OTHER SO-CALLED MODERN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES." THE MLA CONSTITUTION STATES THAT THE OBJECT OF THE ASSOCIATION SHALL BE TO PROMOTE STUDY, CRITICISM, AND RESEARCH IN THE MORE AND LESS COMMONLY TAUGHT MODERN LANGUAGES AND THEIR LITERATURES AND TO FURTHER THE COMMON INTERESTS OF TEACHERS OF THESE SUBJECTS. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4A BIBLIOGRAPHY AND PUBLICATIONS: The association serves teachers, students, and researchers through its publication program, which includes PMLA, a widely cited scholarly journal, as well as reference works, affordably priced course adoption texts, and books that meet the pedagogical and professional needs of those who study and teach languages and literatures. The MLA International Bibliography is a cornerstone of the MLAs research publications; it is available online and is a unique reference tool for those doing research in the modern languages and literatures, linguistics, rhetoric and writing studies, dramatic arts, pedagogy, and folklore. More than 2,000 educational institutions worldwide subscribe to the bibliography. Submission to the peer-reviewed journal PMLA, one of the oldest and most respected journals in the humanities, is open to all MLA members. In addition to scholarly articles, each year PMLA publishes the program for the MLA Annual Convention. MLA members receive a subscription to PMLA, and approximately 1,500 libraries throughout the world subscribe to the print and electronic journal. For over forty years, the MLA Job Information List (JIL) has facilitated the employment process in the field by listing postsecondary faculty vacancies and making the information available to job seekers whose goal is to teach English or foreign languages and literatures at the postsecondary level. The JIL is published as a digital database of departmental job notices that job seekers can search by field or language, by geographic region, by key words or phrases in job descriptions, and by rank. Access to the JIL database is available free of charge. The MLA compiles and publishes a number of other reference works for humanities teachers, students, and scholars. The MLA Handbook, now in its eighth edition, is widely used by undergraduate and graduate students in colleges and universities; middle school high school students; and professional writers and journal editors. The MLA published 12 new titles in FY 2019-20 and maintains a backlist of over 300 titles, many in long-running series. FORM 990, PART III, LINE 4B CONVENTION, MEMBERSHIP AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES The principal meeting organized by the association is the MLA Annual Convention. Long a forum for intellectual exchange, this annual gathering brings members together to report on their scholarship, to discuss new information about teaching and other professional issues, and to interview candidates for positions. By providing a forum for scholarly exchange, the convention strengthens work in the field. The 2020 meeting attracted 4,395 registrants. In 1997, the MLA established the Professional Education Assistance Fund to promote the study of modern languages and literatures by providing aid to graduate students to attend the convention; in 2006, it was expanded to provide aid to non-tenure-track faculty members and unemployed members. The fund provided 469 cash awards to qualified students and 22 cash awards to eligible non-tenure-track faculty members and unemployed members to defray their expenses in traveling to and attending the 2020 MLA convention. The MLA also houses the Association of Departments of English (ADE) and the Association of Departments of Foreign Languages (ADFL). The summer seminars sponsored by these organizations bring together administrators of college and university departments of English and foreign languages. The seminars encourage the discussion of common problems and the development of consensus about good practice in writing, literature, and language teaching. At the 2020 MLA MAPS Leadership Institute, which was held virtually, 184 faculty members from 105 institutions attended, along with 22 graduate students from two sponsoring institutions. Association activities are designed to serve the professional and scholarly needs and interests of members and to provide members with opportunities to serve the field. In fiscal year 2019-20 the MLA had a total of 23,000 members. Of this number 3,841 were student members, 14,869 were regular members, and 4,290 were honorary or life members. MLA members are eligible to receive MLA publications and to submit essays for possible publication in PMLA. These essays are reviewed by specialists in the field who offer helpful criticism for the improvement of the essays. MLA members are eligible to submit essays for possible publication in Profession, published on MLA Commons. Authors for publication may receive comments from the members of the Profession Advisory Committee and other specialist reviewers. MLA members are also eligible to propose convention sessions and to participate in the convention program as speakers; they are eligible to run for office, participate in the associations various governance structures, and serve on association committees that oversee publications, the convention, and other activities. In addition, members may participate in the development of association policies and influence practice in the field concerning, for example, interviewing and hiring, institutional arrangements affecting class size and workload, and the evaluation of scholarship. The MLA Web site provides information about the association and its programs. Visitors can join the association or renew their membership, change address and directory information, learn about the upcoming annual convention, submit proposals for convention sessions, register for the convention and make hotel reservations, and review and order MLA publications. The site includes the MLA Newsletter in PDF, lists of forthcoming meetings, professional announcements, and a searchable program for the MLA Annual Convention, as well as a link to MLA Commons, a network that connects MLA members and provides new avenues for scholarly communication and collaboration. Association reports, professional guidelines, and MLA policies and procedures are also posted on the site. The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation awarded the MLA a grant of $1,000,000 for a project entitled Teaching Institutes on Reading and Writing at Access-Oriented Institutions. This project began January 1, 2019, and will conclude April 30, 2022. The Teagle Foundation awarded the MLA a grant of $45,000 for a project entitled Future of Doctoral Education. This project began July 3, 2019. Michigan State University awarded the MLA a grant of $11,500 to provide certain information technology services for implementation of the MSU Commons node on the Humanities Commons network. This agreement began March 1, 2019. Research and Programs The MLA works to improve English and foreign language programs in colleges and universities, through support for the Association of Departments of English (ADE) and the Association of Departments of Foreign Languages (ADFL). Membership in these organizations is institutional: ADE had 474 member departments; ADFL had 593 member departments. The purpose of these organizations is to strengthen the administration of college and university English and foreign language departments. Toward this purpose, the ADE and ADFL publish two professional journals for its member departments, the ADE Bulletin and the ADFL Bulletin, which carry articles on standards in the field; guidelines for departmental programs; and statistical information about enrollments, curriculum developments, ongoing and new academic programs, and the status of faculty members. The ADE and ADFL Web sites make available policy statements, guidelines, reports on data collected in surveys, summer seminar information and registration, and moderated discussion lists. Some features are available only to members: the complete archive of the ADE Bulletin and the ADFL Bulletin; online voting in Executive Committee elections; the ADE and ADFL directories; a list of doctoral programs in English and comparative literature, American studies, and womens studies; and moderated discussion lists for ADE- and ADFL-member department chairs. Data Analysis In fiscal year 201920 the MLA reported on the number of jobs that English and foreign language departments announced in the Job Information List (JIL) and published an analysis of how departments indexed and categorized the positions they submitted to the JIL over the seventeen years 200001 to 201819. These and similar reports are available on the MLA Web site, for use by members and by departments or divisions of English, foreign languages, comparative literature, or humanities. Special Projects Located on the MLA Web site, the MLA Language Map is an interactive tool free to the public that uses data from the Census 2000 and the 2005 and 2010 American Community Surveys to show the locations and numbers of speakers of thirty languages (including English) commonly spoken at home in every county and state in the United States. The Language Map includes data from a special tabulation from the United States Census commissioned by the MLA in 2004. The MLA Language Map also shows the institutions of higher education where a language other than English is being taught, using the fall 2016 enrollment figures from the MLAs census of enrollments in languages other than English. Restricted Funds Awards Scholarly achievement is recognized through the prizes the MLA awards at the annual convention. Of the eighteen prizes awarded in 201920, ten were supported by restricted funds, the others by general funds. The ten funded prizes were the Katherine Singer Kovacs Prize for an outstanding book in English or Spanish in the field of Latin American or Spanish literatures and cultures; the Lois Roth Award for a translation of a literary work; the Matei Calinescu Prize for twentieth- and twenty-first-century thought; the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Comparative Literary Studies, for an outstanding scholarly work in the field involving at least two literatures; the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for French and Francophone Studies; the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for a Translation of a Literary Work; the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Studies in Germanic Languages and Literatures; the Howard R. Marraro Prize; the Fenia and Yaakov Leviant Memorial Prize for Yiddish Studies; and the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Publication Award for a Manuscript in Italian Literary Studies. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINES 6 & 7A MEMBERS: The MLAs principal governing body is the Executive Council. The council has a total of seventeen members: three officers, eleven at-large members, two members from the MLA Delegate Assembly, and the executive director. All members are elected, except the executive director, who is appointed by the council. The second vice president is elected by a vote of the entire MLA membership and succeeds automatically to the first vice presidency and the presidency. (There is a new second vice president each year.) The eleven at-large council members are also elected by a vote of the entire membership. (Three are elected each year to four-year terms.) The two Delegate Assembly members of the council are elected by the assembly from among the members of the assembly. (One is elected every other year to a four-year term.) FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B PROCESS FOR REVIEW OF FORM 990: The completed forms 990 and 990T are reviewed extensively by the controller, the director of administration and finance, and the executive director. The forms are then made available for review to the members of the Executive Council (the associations board of directors) in a password-protected area on the MLA Web site before they are filed. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C MONITORING CONFLICTS OF INTEREST POLICY: Under the associations conflicts-of-interest policies, the executive director, the members of the Executive Council, the trustees, key employees, and other senior managers must complete and sign a questionnaire each year in which they disclose any conflicts of interest as defined in the policies. FORM 990, SECTION B, LINES 15A & 15B EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION POLICY: The members of the Executive Council subcommittee on executive compensation review comparative survey data each year before recommending compensation for the executive director to the rest of the council. The executive directors compensation must be approved by a recorded vote of the full Executive Council in executive session. Once a year, the executive director determines the salaries of key employees after consulting comparative survey data and presents the salaries to the council. FORM 990, SECTION C, QUESTION 19 PUBLIC INSPECTION: The MLA constitution, by-laws, and conflicts-of-interest policies are available at the MLA Web site and on request.