2022-11-14T15:19:16-06:00 2021-12-31 454084437 WARREN AVERETT LLC 2500 ACTON ROAD BIRMINGHAM AL 35243 990 2021-01-01 630288868 SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE SOUT 2055812000 2000 NINTH AVENUE SOUTH BIRMINGHAM AL 352555305 DAVID A RUTLEDGE VICE PRESIDENT OF FINANCE 2055812000 2022-11-07 1 DAVID RUTLEDGE XXX-XX-XXXX MEGAN RANDOLPH P00989558 2059794100 2022-11-07 3 AAL1 IAL1 2021 2022-09-23 18:48:47Z DAVID A RUTLEDGE 2000 NINTH AVENUE SOUTH BIRMINGHAM AL 352555305 98794687 0 X WWW.SOUTHERNRESEARCH.ORG X 1941 AL TO OFFER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY SERVICES TO SUPPORT INDUSTRY AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES. 9 4 491 0 4697213 0 270253 155458 82072125 80785233 9654769 4676470 33787 37549 92030934 85654710 0 0 0 0 42055284 40441997 0 0 0 38597701 36669884 80652985 77111881 11377949 8542829 125738298 124270036 43393976 32180316 82344322 92089720 X TO OFFER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY SERVICES TO SUPPORT THE LIFE SCIENCES, ENGINEERING, ENERGY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION INDUSTRIES. THE ORGANIZATION PURSUES ENTREPRENEURIAL AND COLLABORATIVE INITIATIVES TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN A PIPELINE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE GROWTH OF THE ORGANIZATION AND POSITIVELY IMPACT REAL-WORLD PROBLEMS. 0 0 15406270 19584961 DRUG DEVELOPMENT PROVIDES DRUG DISCOVERY AND PRE-CLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT TO PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ON AN OUTSOURCED BASIS. SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE HAS CAPABILITIES IN ALL PHASES OF THE EARLY-STAGE DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS AND PROVIDES CLIENTS WITH COMPREHENSIVE SERVICES AND SUPPORT TO ASSIST THEM IN STREAMLINING THEIR CUSTOM DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS. SOME OF SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S SIGNIFICANT PRE-CLINICAL RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS INCLUDE: DEMONSTRATED THE EFFICACY OF COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY IN MICE, LEADING THE WAY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES WITH IMPROVED CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN CERTAIN CANCERS, PERFORMED PRE-CLINICAL DRUG DEVELOPMENT EVALUATIONS AND ANALYSES ON APPROXIMATELY HALF OF THE FDA-APPROVED CANCER THERAPEUTICS CURRENTLY ON THE MARKET, AND CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FIRST DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EXTENDED RELEASE OF SYNTHETIC AGENTS THAT PROMOTE THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER. 30398046 38643006 THE ENGINEERING DIVISION DEVELOPS ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS TO COMPLEX PROBLEMS THROUGH CHARACTERIZING THE MECHANICAL, THERMAL, PHYSICAL, AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ADVANCED MATERIALS. THE ENGINEERING DIVISION IS ALSO DEVELOPING NEW, LOW-COST PROCESSES TO PRODUCE CARBON/CARBON AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND AEROGELS (ULTRA-LIGHT FOAM), AS WELL AS PROCESSING METHODS TO FABRICATE THESE MATERIALS FOR A WIDE VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS FROM AUTOMOTIVE AND RECREATIONAL PRODUCTS TO THE MOST ADVANCED AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS. SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE ALSO PROVIDES ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND SERVICES TO GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY, AND PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS. THE RESEARCH HAS LED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW TEST METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS, THE IMPROVEMENT OF PROCESS AND EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES, SOLUTIONS TO DAUNTING NEW ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES, AND OTHER IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 11956059 15198939 DRUG DISCOVERY HAS ACCOMPLISHED INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN THE AREAS OF CANCER, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, AND NEUROSCIENCE. WITH A FOCUS ON THE DISCOVERY OF NEW, SMALL-MOLECULE THERAPEUTICS AND THE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THESE MOLECULES WORK, DRUG DISCOVERY CARRIES OUT TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE DESIGNED TO INVENT SMALL MOLECULES AND ADVANCE THEM FROM THE DESIGN STAGE TO THE CLINIC. GOVERNMENT FUNDING SUPPORTS OUR EFFORTS IN PIONEERING NEW SCIENTIFIC AREAS OF DRUG DISCOVERY. THE DRUG DISCOVERY STAFF PROVIDES EXPERTISE IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING TECHNOLOGIES, ALL FOCUSED ON MAKING DISCOVERIES THAT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVING HUMAN HEALTH. THE DRUG DISCOVERY TEAM HAS BEEN VERY EFFECTIVE IN ITS EFFORTS AND HAS DISCOVERED MORE THAN 20 DRUGS THAT HAVE ENTERED CLINICAL TRIALS AND SIX DRUGS THAT HAVE BEEN APPROVED BY THE FDA FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER. 613319 786665 SOUTHERN RESEARCH'S STEM EDUCATION OUTREACH PROGRAM IS INVOLVED IN A WIDE VARIETY OF PROGRAMS THAT IMPACT STUDENTS AND TEACHERS IN ALABAMA. THE MISSION OF SR'S STEM PROGRAM IS TO ENHANCE 6TH 12TH GRADE STEM EDUCATION BY DRAWING UPON THE EXPERTISE AND SCHOLARLY CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE SOUTHERN RESEARCH COMMUNITY. WE AIM TO DEFINE AND EXEMPLIFY EFFECTIVE STEM EDUCATION TO MAXIMIZE STUDENTS' READINESS TO EXCEL IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD. WE ARE WORKING TO ACHIEVE OUR EDUCATION MISSION BY ENGAGING STUDENTS AND TEACHERS IN STEM ACTIVITIES THROUGH SUMMER LEARNING PROGRAMS, FIELD TRIPS, AFTER-SCHOOL PROGRAMING, STEM COMPETITIONS AND SCIENCE FAIRS, INTERNSHIPS, AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOPS FOR STEM EDUCATORS. OUR PRIMARY OBJECTIVE IS TO EMBOLDEN STUDENTS WHO POSSESS A PASSION FOR INNOVATION AND DISCOVERY TO PURSUE THEIR INTERESTS AND STRENGTHEN THE STEM COMMUNITY. SOUTHERN RESEARCH IS COMMITTED TO FOSTERING CREATIVITY AND IMPACTING THE FUTURE GENERATION. 613319 786665 58373694 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 169 0 1 491 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 9 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 X DAVID A RUTLEDGE 2055812000 2000 NINTH AVENUE SOUTH BIRMINGHAM AL 352555305 NANCY E DUNLAP MD PH D DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 CHARLES K PORTER DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 RAY WATTS CHAIRMAN 1.00 40.00 X 0 647756 76385 MARK CROSSWHITE DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 GENE RUFFNER PAGE JR VICE CHAIRMAN 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 FOURNIER J GALE III DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 FINIS ST JOHN VI DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 1130515 143149 JAMEY MCMAHON DIRECTOR 1.00 0.00 X 0 0 0 CHRISTOPHER S BROWN DIRECTOR 1.00 40.00 X 0 386035 79705 MICHAEL A CATALANO COO 40.00 0.00 X 0 343078 87410 MICHAEL D JOHNS VP ENGINEERING 40.00 0.00 X 270300 0 6876 MARK SUTO VP, LIFE SCIENCES 40.00 0.00 X 345734 0 7748 G ALLEN BOLTON JR VP, STRATEGY & FINANCE 1.00 40.00 X 126511 247815 32216 CE AUGELLI-SZAFRAN INTERIM VP, SCIENTIFIC PLATFORM 40.00 0.00 X 253260 0 4826 JOSHUA D CARPENTER CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 40.00 0.00 X 196442 0 10218 WENDY BRANDNER SENIOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT EXECUTIVE 40.00 0.00 X 254571 0 5826 TIMOTHY FERGUSON DISTINGUISHED FELLOW ENGINEER 40.00 0.00 X 244693 0 2424 DAVID A RUTLEDGE SENIOR CONTROLLER 40.00 0.00 X 238275 0 8865 JAMES R BOSTWICK DIRECTOR 40.00 0.00 X 237289 0 227 FUSATAKA KOIDE DIRECTOR, VIROLOGY 40.00 0.00 X 249518 0 7594 2416593 2755199 473469 78 0 1 0 TIAA CREF 730 3RD AVENUE NEW YORK NY 10017 FINANCIAL SERVICES 3736190 UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM 1720 2ND AVE S BIRMINGHAM AL 35233 STEAM AND CONTRACT SERVICES 1859148 REGIONS BANK 1900 5TH AVENUE N BIRMINGHAM AL 35203 FINANCIAL SERVICES 829769 FLIR COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS 6769 HOLLISTER AVE GOLETA CA 93117 DESIGN AND PRODUCTIONS OF THERMAL IMAGIN 652468 MATERIALS RESEARCH AND DESIGN INC 300 SWEDESFORD RD WAYNE PA 19087 EE STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS 639780 88 155458 155458 CONTRACTS 541900 78902335 74205122 4697213 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY REVENUE 541900 1882898 1882898 80785233 418953 418953 73628 44528 29100 29100 29100 17352966 13095449 4257517 4257517 4257517 MISCELLANEOUS INCOME 900099 8449 8449 8449 85654710 74213571 4697213 6588468 X 1192246 902530 289716 28150540 21309959 6840581 11099211 8402103 2697108 159189 120506 38683 310224 234840 75384 92505 70026 22479 9421810 7132310 2289500 261245 197762 63483 8688276 6577025 2111251 2412107 1825965 586142 418514 316815 101699 327827 248165 79662 5643278 4271961 1371317 1188440 899649 288791 OTHER DIRECT COSTS 4129560 3126077 1003483 EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE 2188477 1656677 531800 DIRECT ANIMAL CARE 847599 641632 205967 DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 269027 203653 65374 311806 236039 75767 77111881 58373694 18738187 0 15846028 2218692 15658 15201 17227864 20639167 974676 920111 2749927 814499 115391339 85047276 46095794 30344063 37904459 63878732 593910 593910 1906909 2103141 2423073 2742520 125738298 124270036 9611004 6880456 9491157 9710441 22620928 13628883 1670887 1960536 43393976 32180316 X 0 0 33108475 18818321 49235847 73271399 82344322 92089720 125738298 124270036 8542829 1202569 0 X X 0 1 X 1 1 1 X 942878 1874584 1696657 270253 160958 4945330 65262518 62559208 71203397 78155531 76088020 353268674 15151 43422 47135 1461 8449 115618 66220547 64477214 72947189 78427245 76257427 358329622 0 0 0 358329622 1083790 1264735 630116 388345 492581 3859567 4778593 3595201 5404457 3916594 4697213 22392058 5862383 4859936 6034573 4304939 5189794 26251625 72082930 69337150 78981762 82732184 81447221 384581247 0.93170 0.93470 0.06830 0.06530 X RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED RESTRICTED 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1854 0 0 1854 0 PART II-B, LINE 1: DURING THE YEAR, SRI CONTRACTED WITH THIRD PARTIES TO MONITOR AND EVALUATE VARIOUS LEGISLATIVE ISSUES. 0 12226041 1670896 557524 30937 13308476 11933466 880109 559151 28383 12226041 10721291 1803175 558088 32912 11933466 12077419 -774465 552791 28872 10721291 11211750 335 1431952 541438 25180 12077419 0.00000 0.00000 1.00000 0 0 2969686 2969686 50606039 39503983 11102056 1159199 1159199 0 59026209 44384094 14642115 1630206 1630206 30344063 POST RETIRMENT BENEFITS 1960536 1960536 86797373 1202569 44528 1247097 85550276 104434 104434 85654710 77051975 44528 44528 77007447 104434 104434 77111881 PART V, LINE 4: THE INTENDED USE OF THE FUNDS IS TO HELP CERTAIN OUTSTANDING NEWLY-HIRED SCIENTISTS GET THEIR LABORATORIES ESTABLISHED BEFORE THEY HAVE SECURED FUNDING FROM OUTSIDE SPONSORS. PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: RENTAL EXPENSES SHOWN AS OFFSET TO REVENUE ON THE RETURN 44,528. PART XI, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: INCOME SHOWN AS REDUCTION TO EXPENSES ON BOOKS 11,929. INVESTMENT EXPENSES SHOWN AS OFFSET TO INCOME ON BOOKS 92,505. PART XII, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: RENTAL EXPENSES SHOWN AS OFFSET TO REVENUE ON THE RETURN 44,528. PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: INCOME INCLUDED AS REDUCTION TO EXPENSES ON BOOKS 11,929. INVESTMENT EXPENSES SHOWN AS OFFSET TO INCOME ON BOOKS 92,505. X 1 1 X X 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FINIS ST JOHN VI DIRECTOR 0 725163 0 297223 0 108129 0 123723 0 19836 0 1274074 0 0 RAY WATTS CHAIRMAN 0 510679 0 129000 0 8077 0 76385 0 2463 0 726604 0 0 CHRISTOPHER S BROWN DIRECTOR 0 370031 0 12400 0 3604 0 73126 0 8382 0 467543 0 0 MICHAEL A CATALANO COO 0 342349 0 0 0 729 0 80830 0 8247 0 432155 0 0 G ALLEN BOLTON JR VP, STRATEGY & FINANCE 114589 236118 155 10417 11767 1280 0 26774 2422 4167 128933 278756 0 0 MARK SUTO VP, LIFE SCIENCES 277433 0 1630 0 66671 0 0 0 7748 0 353482 0 0 0 MICHAEL D JOHNS VP ENGINEERING 250243 0 142 0 19915 0 0 0 6876 0 277176 0 0 0 WENDY BRANDNER SENIOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT EXECUTIV 109374 0 139910 0 5287 0 0 0 5826 0 260397 0 0 0 CE AUGELLI-SZAFRAN INTERIM VP, SCIENTIFIC PLATFORM 249833 0 1599 0 1828 0 0 0 4826 0 258086 0 0 0 FUSATAKA KOIDE DIRECTOR, VIROLOGY 132642 0 97567 0 19309 0 0 0 7594 0 257112 0 0 0 DAVID A RUTLEDGE SENIOR CONTROLLER 225539 0 1142 0 11594 0 0 0 8865 0 247140 0 0 0 TIMOTHY FERGUSON DISTINGUISHED FELLOW ENGINEER 224636 0 142 0 19915 0 0 0 2424 0 247117 0 0 0 JAMES R BOSTWICK DIRECTOR 215937 0 699 0 20653 0 0 0 227 0 237516 0 0 0 JOSHUA D CARPENTER CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER 181413 0 155 0 14874 0 0 0 10218 0 206660 0 0 0 PART I, LINE 4B RAY WATTS - $76,385 G. ALLEN BOLTON, JR - $26,774 MICHAEL A. CATALANO - $80,830 CHRISTOPHER S. BROWN - $73,126 A THE COOPERATIVE DISTRICT OF THE CITY OF BIRMINGHAM-SOUTHERN RESEARCH INST 273338884 NONEAVAIL 2010-08-31 20000000 SOUTHSIDE AND OXMOOR CAMPUS CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS 0 1 0 A 7390000 20000000 174000 19826000 2014 0 0 1 1 A 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0.01200 0 1 A 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 A 1 SCHEDULE K, PART III, LINES 2, 3(C), 4, 5, 6, 7, 8(A), 8(B), 8(C) THE ORGANIZATION'S OUTSTANDING BONDS WERE ISSUED AS "RECOVERY ZONE FACILITY BONDS" UNDER SECTION 1400U-1(B) OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. THE OUTSTANDING BONDS ARE CONSIDERED PRIVATE ACTIVITY BONDS AND THEREFORE PRIVATE BUSINESS USE AND PRIVATE PAYMENT AND SECURITY ARE NOT RELEVANT TO SUCH BONDS. SCHEDULE K, PART III, LINE 9, PART IV, LINE 7 AND PART V: THE ORGANIZATION BY ACTION OF ITS FINANCE COMMITTEE OF ITS BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON OCTOBER 30, 2014, ESTABLISHED WRITTEN PROCEDURES. SCHEDULE K, PART IV, LINES 3, 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), 4(D), AND 4(E): AS OF 9/22/2017, THE BOND ISSUE WAS CONVERTED FROM A VARIABLE RATE TO A FIXED RATE. DURING THE VARIABLE RATE PERIOD, THE ORGANIZATION ENTERED INTO A QUALIFIED HEDGE WITH RESPECT TO THE BOND ISSUE WITH BBVA COMPASS, WITH A TERM OF 6.0 YEARS. SUCH HEDGE TERMINATED BY ITS TERMS ON 9/1/2017. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A THE DIRECTORS SHALL BE APPOINTED BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM, A RELATED GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY, PROVIDED SUCH APPOINTMENT IS APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7B THE GOVERNING DOCUMENTS STATE THAT THE ORGANIZATION MAY NOT ADOPT A PLAN OF MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR DISSOLULTION AND CANNOT SELL, LEASE, EXCHANGE, MORTGAGE, PLEDGE OR OTHERWISE DISPOSE OF ALL OR SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ORGANIZATION'S ASSETS WITHOUT APPROVAL FROM THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA. FURTHERMORE, THE GOVERNING DOCUMENTS MAY NOT BE AMENDED WITHOUT PRIOR CONSENST FROM THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS ADOPTED THE POLICY THAT THE FINANCE COMMITTEE WOULD REVIEW AND APPROVE THE FORM 990 PRIOR TO FILING. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, AND KEY/HIGHLY COMPENSATED EMPLOYEES ARE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE ANNUALLY ANY POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST OR CERTIFY THAT NO SUCH CONFLICTS EXIST. THE ORGANIZATION INVESTIGATES DISCLOSURES OF ANY POTENTIAL CONFLICTS AND TAKES STEPS TO MITIGATE THE OCCURRENCE OF ACTUAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 A REVIEW OF COMPENSATION FOR THE EXEUCTIVE TEAM WAS COMPLETED DURING THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 2016 BY THE HAY GROUP, AN EXTERNAL COMPENSATION CONSULTING FIRM. THE CEO AND ALL POSITIONS IN GRADES 21-23 WERE REVIEWED AT THAT TIME. IN THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 2015 ALL OTHER GRADES WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION WERE REVIEWED. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 AS A GENERAL RULE, THE ORGANIZATION DOES NOT MAKE ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY, OR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. ANY WRITTEN REQUEST BY THE PUBLIC WOULD BE REVIEWED AND ACTED UPON BY THE BOARD. FORM 990, PART IX, LINE 11G OUTSIDE SERVICES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 2,844,949. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 913,240. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 3,758,189. CONSULTANTS: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 4,269,631. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 1,370,569. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 5,640,200. OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 17,730. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 5,691. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 23,421. FORM 990, PART XII, LINE 2C: THE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE ORGANIZATION ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY FOR OVERSIGHT OF THE AUDIT OF ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SELECTION OF AN INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT. UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM 1530 THIRD AVENUE SOUTH BIRMINGHAM AL 352941150 636005396 HIGHER EDUCATON FACILITY AL POLITICAL SUBDV N/A 0 SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE VEBA 2000 NINTH AVENUE SOUTH BIRMINGHAM AL 35205 562439567 VOLUNTARY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT ASSOCIATION AL 501(C)(9) SOUTHERN RESEARCH INSTITUTE 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0