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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PROGRAM SERVICE ACCOMPLISHMENT LINE 4A</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>VSHD, WITH PARTNER, CENTRE FOR GIRLS EDUCATION, CONTINUED SUPPORT FOR FIVE MODELS OF SAFE SPACES PROGRAMMING FOR MORE THAN 4,500 GIRLS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA. VSHD, WITH PARTNER LUMIERE DES FILLES ET DES FEMMES, CONTINUED SUPPORT OF SAFE SPACES FOR 996 IN-SCHOOL GIRLS (AIMED TO DELAY EARLY MARRIAGE BY KEEPING GIRLS IN SCHOOL) AND 307 MARRIED ADOLESCENT GIRLS (AIMED TO EDUCATE GIRLS ON LIFE SKILLS AND ACCESS TO FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES) IN MARADI, NIGER. VSHD SUCCESSFULLY COMPLETED LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENTS ON THE AVAILABILITY OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH MEDICINES USING VSHD'S AVAILABILITY FRAMEWORK IN FOUR COUNTRIES AND DISSEMINATED RESULTS AT NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL STAKEHOLDER MEETINGS. VSHD LAUNCHED A PROGRAM IN TCHAD TO REGISTER A QUALITY-ASSURED MISOPROSTOL PRODUCT AND INTEGRATE IT INTO THE PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN ORDER TO ASSIST THE GOVERNMENT IN REDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITY DUE TO POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE (CURRENTLY THE LEADING CAUSE OF MATERNAL DEATH). THE TCHAD MINISTRY OF HEALTH SIGNED A FORMAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN TO INITIATE THE PROGRAM IN THREE REGIONS. VSHD SUPPORTED GRADE AFRICA IN THE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN OF TWO PROGRAMS: POPULATION &amp; DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION IN THREE NIGER UNIVERSITIES, (ENROLLING 104 STUDENTS IN FOUR DISTINCT COURSES AND OFFERING 27 SCHOLARSHIPS), AND A GROUP PRENATAL CARE PROJECT IN MARADI, NIGER (REACHING 840 PREGNANT MOTHERS). VSHD CREATED THE ELLES DU SAHEL, A DIVERSE GROUP OF 16 FEMALE ACTIVISTS FROM THE SAHEL, THE EUROPEAN UNION AND UNITED STATES TO ADVOCATE AT THE REGIONAL AND GLOBAL LEVEL FOR INCREASED ATTENTION TO AND FUNDING FOR SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND RIGHTS, GIRLS' EDUCATION, AND GENDER BASED VIOLENCE. VSHD, WITH PARTNER JEUNES VOLUNTAIRE POUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT, WORKED TO INTEGRATE FAMILY PLANNING INTO CLIMATE ADAPTATION PLANS IN NIGER. FINAL DRAFT PLANS ARE UNDER REVIEW WITH THE NIGER GOVERNMENT.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>DR. MALCOLM POTTS AND DR. MARTHA CAMPBELL ARE FAMILY MEMBERS.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>VENTURE STRATEGIES FOR HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT'S (VSHD) OUTSIDE AUDITING FIRM AND FINANCE STAFF PREPARE AND REVIEW THE FORM 990. THE FORM IS THEN REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY THE ORGANIZATION'S CFO. A COMPLETE COPY, INCLUDING ALL SCHEDULES, IS THEN PROVIDED TO THE FULL BOARD BEFORE FILING.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>VSHD REQUIRES ALL PERSONNEL TO DISCLOSE, AT LEAST ANNUALLY, ALL SOURCES OF INCOME FROM COMPENSATION OR OWNERSHIP OF EVERY OUTSIDE ENTITY THAT A) SOLD, SUPPLIED OR PROVIDED SERVICES; B) OPERATED A COMPETING ENTERPRISE; OR C) PROVIDED GOODS OR SERVICES TO VSHD IN THE LAST SIX MONTHS. VSHD'S CEO EVALUATES THE FORMS FOR POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. VSHD ALSO REQUIRES ALL DIRECTORS TO ANNUALLY SIGN A STATEMENT AFFIRMING A) RECEIPT OF VSHD'S CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY; B) UNDERSTANDING OF THE POLICY; AND C) AGREEMENT WITH THE POLICY.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15A</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
        <ExplanationTxt>THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS A PROCESS FOR REVIEWING AND APPROVING THE COMPENSATION OF THE PRESIDENT ON A REGULAR BASIS TO DETERMINE IT IS FAIR AND REASONABLE WITH THE GOAL OF RETAINING EMPLOYEES AT COMPENSATION LEVELS WITHIN APPROPRIATE MARKET RANGE. WHEN THE PRESIDENT COMPENSATION WAS SET AT THE BEGINNING OF THE FISCAL YEAR, THE BOARD RELIED ON COMPARABILITY DATA FROM SIMILARLY SITUATED ORGANIZATIONS AND POSITIONS WITH SIMILAR JOB RESPONSIBILITIES. THE ORGANIZATION'S BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONTEMPORANEOUSLY DOCUMENTED ITS DELIBERATIONS AND DECISIONS REGARDING THE COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS, INCLUDING WHO WAS PRESENT, HOW THEY VOTED, A DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPARABILITY DATA AND HOW IT WAS OBTAINED.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>SOME OR ALL THESE ITEMS MAY BE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.</ExplanationTxt>
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        <ExplanationTxt>CONSULTING FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 524,053. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 11,918. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 535,971. PAYROLL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 840. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 2,992. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 3,832. PROFESSIONAL FEES: PROGRAM SERVICE EXPENSES 146. MANAGEMENT AND GENERAL EXPENSES 3,558. FUNDRAISING EXPENSES 0. TOTAL EXPENSES 3,704.</ExplanationTxt>
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