2024-11-08T12:24:22-06:00 2023-12-31 381357951 PLANTE & MORAN PLLC 10 S RIVERSIDE PLAZA 9TH FLOOR CHICAGO IL 60606 990 2023-01-01 860274899 ARIZONA DENTAL INSURANCE SERVICE INC ARIZ 6025883976 14850 NORTH SCOTTSDALE RD SUITE 40 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85254 MARK ANDERSON CFO/SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT 6029383131 2024-11-01 1 1 DAVID LOWENTHAL P00378651 3122071040 2024-11-01 2023 2024-10-15 13:58:12Z X DELTA DENTAL OF ARIZONA MARK ANDERSON 14850 NORTH SCOTTSDALE RD SUITE 400 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85254 180765307 0 X WWW.DELTADENTALAZ.COM X 1972 AZ THE CORPORATION EXISTS TO IMPROVE LIVES BY PROMOTING OPTIMAL ORAL HEALTH. 11 7 174 0 5446186 640244 0 0 148660656 157796530 1883304 3581742 122599 123301 150666559 161501573 453900 1303136 0 0 15792218 17041280 0 0 0 128226966 135332862 144473084 153677278 6193475 7824295 133786203 150102052 15293297 16340104 118492906 133761948 THE CORPORATION EXISTS TO IMPROVE LIVES BY PROMOTING OPTIMAL ORAL HEALTH. 0 0 130487009 152606126 THE ORGANIZATION PROVIDED DENTAL BENEFIT COVERAGE FOR 473,430 BENEFICIARIES INCLUDED AMONG THESE BENEFICIARIES WERE I) 36,183 INDIVIDUAL ENROLLEES, MANY OF WHOM ARE HIGH-RISK INDIVIDUALS WHO MAY NOT OTHERWISE RECEIVE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE DENTAL BENEFIT COVERAGE. THESE INDIVIDUALS OBTAINED COVERAGE AS A RESULT OF THE ORGANIZATION'S COLLABORATION WITH CHARITABLE AND GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS; II) 53,990 ENROLLEES WHO ARE OR WERE EMPLOYED WITH THE STATE OF ARIZONA,; III) 58,871 ENROLLEES WHO ARE OR WERE EMPLOYED WITH THE ARIZONA STATE RETIREMENT SYSTEM, AND IV). THE ORGANIZATION EXPENDED MORE THAN $105 MILLION FOR DENTAL CARE DURING 2023, WITH DENTAL BENEFITS COVERAGE BEING PROVIDED THROUGH CONTRACTS WITH INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONAL DENTAL SERVICE PROVIDERS. 1303136 1303136 THE ORGANIZATION ALSO MAKES GRANTS AND DONATES FACILITIES, EQUIPMENT, AND EMPLOYEE TIME TO SUPPORT MANY CHARITABLE CAUSES. DURING 2023, THE ORGANIZATION PROVIDED OR SUPPORTED PREVENTATIVE DENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, CHILDREN'S ORAL HEALTH SERVICE, DENTAL CLINICS, IN-SCHOOL SCREENINGS, TOBACCO AND CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION PROGRAMS, EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMS, PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL ORAL HEALTH, AND ACCESS TO DENTAL SERVICES. 131790145 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 24002 0 1 174 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X 11 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 AZ X MARK ANDERSON 6029383131 14850 NORTH SCOTTSDALE RD SUITE 400 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85254 RONALD V DAVELLA BOARD CHAIR - BEG 4/23 10.00 0.00 X X 55976 0 0 RICHARD B HIGGS DDS BOARD CHAIR & BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X X 42664 0 0 MICHAEL A WARREN SECRETARY/TREASURER 3.00 0.00 X X 38432 0 0 GERALD E LOE BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 36996 0 0 BRENDA SCHMIDT BOARD VICE-CHAIR 3.00 0.00 X X 36764 0 0 BRUCE ALLAN SPIGNER DDS BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 36332 0 0 GARY OWEN JONES DDS BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 34668 0 0 SHAHARYAR ASHRAF BOARD MEMBER 3.00 1.00 X 32668 0 0 STEPHEN MEYER HOUGHTON BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 30336 0 0 CANDACE HUNTER WIEST BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 30336 0 0 MATTHEW WANDOLOSKI BOARD MEMBER 3.00 0.00 X 25336 0 0 MICHAEL JONES PRESIDENT/CEO 40.00 2.00 X 939425 0 182594 MARK ANDERSON SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/CFO 40.00 0.00 X 554494 0 117177 LESLIE HESS GENERAL COUNSEL & CCO 40.00 0.00 X 438824 0 88489 CRAIG LIVESAY SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/COO 40.00 0.00 X 435249 0 97735 JOLOU TRUJILLO-OTTINO SVP OF SALES - THRU 6/23 40.00 0.00 X 289599 0 40140 JASON GREENWOOD SVP OF MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS 40.00 0.00 X 298755 0 64894 JOLEAN FLECK VP, PEOPLE & ORG DEVELOPMENT 40.00 0.00 X 327578 0 76666 HEATHER N SCHNEIDER DENTAL DIRECTOR 40.00 0.00 X 237383 0 11959 JOSHUA CUPERO CONTROLLER 40.00 0.00 X 211053 0 24122 JOHN BRULEY DIRECTOR OF IT 40.00 0.00 X 195687 0 36087 ERIC SKARTVEIT SENIOR DIRECTOR OF UNDERWRITING 40.00 0.00 X 197920 0 36441 TIFFANY DI GIACINTO SENIOR DIRECTOR OF BRAND AND PRODUCT 40.00 0.00 X 191076 0 22871 ALLAN ALLFORD FORMER CEO 0.00 0.00 X 579195 0 0 5296746 0 799175 33 1 1 0 DELTA DENTAL OF MICHIGAN 16082 COLLECTION CENTER DRIVE CHICAGO IL 60693 CLAIMS AND BILLING SERVICES 7571463 MODERN IMPACT LLC 100 S 5TH ST SUITE 1000 MINNEAPOLIS MN 55402 ADVERTISING SERVICES 1074387 STELLAR TECHNOLOGIES #162 24654 N LAKE PLEASANT PKWY STE 103 PEORIA AZ 85383 IT SERVICES AND CONSULTING 566923 PLANTE & MORAN PLLC 16060 COLLECTIONS CENTER DRIVE CHICAGO IL 60693 AUDIT, TAX, & RISK CONSULTING 174987 MILLIMAN PO BOX 75553 CHICAGO IL 60675 ACTUARIAL CONSULTING 127299 8 DENTAL PREMIUMS 524114 141878043 141878043 REV - SELF INSUR GROUP 524114 10604782 10604782 VISION PREMIUMS 524114 5313705 5313705 157796530 3099560 132481 2967079 19745916 19263734 482182 482182 482182 OTHER INCOME 900099 123301 123301 123301 161501573 152606126 5446186 3449261 1303136 1303136 4022390 2802485 1219905 9973476 4585265 5388211 505700 352332 153368 1715052 914769 800283 824662 420881 403781 343613 343613 133800 133800 313774 313774 14463065 6767230 7695835 1280912 22107 1258805 96951 45995 50956 1642059 978071 663988 1512896 1084522 428374 161730 111543 50187 7711 7711 388664 270790 117874 341774 341774 PROFESSIONAL DENTAL SVS 109075923 109075923 PREMIUM TAX 1944831 1944831 PRINTING AND POSTAGE 1198441 1198275 166 UBIT 759818 759818 1666900 1507336 159564 153677278 131790145 21887133 0 9675962 11926899 8747562 9375797 1208403 1456180 1882273 622967 6826931 1259306 94594719 106854568 11035787 12529233 1696839 6700069 133786203 150102052 11797248 12634438 1242277 1543450 41201 107338 2212571 2054878 15293297 16340104 X 118492906 133761948 118492906 133761948 133786203 150102052 X 7824295 7450445 -5698 X 0 1 X 1 0 906400 622967 283433 975873 975873 1259306 INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARY-SOUTHWEST BENEFIT ADM 122680 C INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARY-CANYON INSURANCE SVS 583930 C HEDGE FUNDS 11822623 F 12529233 CUSTOMER DEPOSIT LIABILITY 2054878 2054878 X 166364305 7450445 -2273939 5176506 161187799 313774 313774 161501573 152141536 0 152141536 313774 1221968 1535742 153677278 PART X, LINE 2: MANAGEMENT EVALUATES THE COMPANY'S EXPOSURE FOR UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS AT EACH REPORTING PERIOD. AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022, MANAGEMENT BELIEVES THE COMPANY HAS NO MATERIAL UNCERTAIN TAX POSITIONS, AND, THEREFORE, NO SUCH LIABILITIES HAVE BEEN RECORDED. AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022, THE COMPANY'S UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT. THERE WERE NO SIGNIFICANT PENALTIES OR INTEREST RECOGNIZED DURING THE YEAR OR ACCRUED AT YEAR END. PART XI, LINE 2D - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: GAINS/LOSSES FROM CONSOLIDATED RELATED PARTIES -1,051,971. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONSOLIDATED RELATED PARTIES -1,221,968. PART XII, LINE 4B - OTHER ADJUSTMENTS: CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONSOLIDATED RELATED PARTIES 1,221,968. 1 ARIZONA DIAMONDBACKS FOUNDATION INC 401 E JEFFERSON STREET PHOENIX AZ 85004 860901615 501(C)(3) 20000 0 DONATION ARIZONA COYOTES FOUNDATION 8465 N PIMA RD SUITE 100 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85305 861021459 501(C)(3) 16977 0 DONATION KNIGHT-SWIFT CHARITABLE FOUNDATION 2002 W WAHALLA LANE PHOENIX AZ 85027 844034572 501(C)(3) 10000 0 DONATION DIVERSITY IN DENTISTRY MENTORSHIPS INC 4729 EAST SUNRISE DRIVE 147 TUCSON AZ 85718 852395210 501(C)(3) 10000 0 DONATION SOUTHWEST HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2850 N 24TH STREET PHOENIX AZ 85008 860407179 501(C)(3) 10000 0 DONATION DELTA DENTAL PLAN OF ARIZONA CHARITABLE FOUNDATION AND TRUST 14850 NORTH SCOTTSDALE RD SUITE 400 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85254 860842694 501(C)(3) 913661 308307 FMV DONATED SERVICES ANNUAL CONTRIBUTION BASED ON BOARD DIRECTIVE TO PROMOTE ORAL HEALTH 6 0 PART I, LINE 2: THE ORGANIZATION'S BOARD RECEIVES REGULAR REPORTS ON THE ORGANIZATION'S ACTIVITIES AND EXPENDITURES OF GRANT FUNDS. DONATIONS ARE MADE TO ESTABLISHED, WELL-RESPECTED, LOCAL PUBLIC CHARITY ORGANIZATIONS. AS A RESULT, ONGOING MONITORING OF THE USE OF GRANT FUNDS IS NOT CONSIDERED NECESSARY. X X 1 1 X X X X X 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 MICHAEL JONES PRESIDENT/CEO 619154 0 320271 0 0 0 139988 0 42606 0 1122019 0 0 0 MARK ANDERSON SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/CFO 319641 0 158355 0 76498 0 80979 0 36198 0 671671 0 76498 0 ALLAN ALLFORD FORMER CEO 0 0 88 0 579107 0 0 0 0 0 579195 0 579107 0 CRAIG LIVESAY SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT/COO 317031 0 118218 0 0 0 51181 0 46554 0 532984 0 0 0 LESLIE HESS GENERAL COUNSEL & CCO 323912 0 114912 0 0 0 52241 0 36248 0 527313 0 0 0 JOLEAN FLECK VP, PEOPLE & ORG DEVELOPMENT 228290 0 99288 0 0 0 38931 0 37735 0 404244 0 0 0 JASON GREENWOOD SVP OF MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS 238755 0 60000 0 0 0 29843 0 35051 0 363649 0 0 0 JOLOU TRUJILLO-OTTINO SVP OF SALES - THRU 6/23 259370 0 30229 0 0 0 20386 0 19754 0 329739 0 0 0 HEATHER N SCHNEIDER DENTAL DIRECTOR 200383 0 37000 0 0 0 0 0 11959 0 249342 0 0 0 JOSHUA CUPERO CONTROLLER 182953 0 28100 0 0 0 0 0 24122 0 235175 0 0 0 ERIC SKARTVEIT SENIOR DIRECTOR OF UNDERWRITING 164920 0 33000 0 0 0 0 0 36441 0 234361 0 0 0 JOHN BRULEY DIRECTOR OF IT 168687 0 27000 0 0 0 0 0 36087 0 231774 0 0 0 TIFFANY DI GIACINTO SENIOR DIRECTOR OF BRAND AND PRODUCT 160145 0 30931 0 0 0 0 0 22871 0 213947 0 0 0 PART I, LINE 1A 1. FIRST CLASS TRAVEL - THIS BENEFIT IS AVAILABLE TO ALL SENIOR EXECUTIVES FOR BUSINESS RELATED TRAVEL EXCEEDING 4 HOURS. IT IS NOT TREATED AS TAXABLE COMPENSATION. 2. TRAVEL FOR COMPANIONS - THIS BENEFIT IS AVAILABLE TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO. THE SPOUSAL PORTION IS TREATED AS TAXABLE INCOME TO THE PRESIDENT/CEO. PART I, LINES 4A-B 4A: IN 2023, JOLOU TRUJILLO-OTTINO RECEIVED A SEVERANCE PAYMENT IN THE AMOUNT OF 86,229. 4B: THE ORGANIZATION HAS NONQUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLANS FOR CERTAIN MEMBERS OF SENIOR MANAGEMENT AS DETERMINED BY THE DDAZ BOARD. PLAN BALANCES ARE CREDITED AT THE DISCRETION OF THE BOARD. IN 2023, THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS RECEIVED DISTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NON-QUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN (457F): MARK ANDERSON RECEIVED 76,498 THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATED IN THE NON-QUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN, BUT DID NOT RECEIVE A DISTRIBUTION IN 2023: JOLEAN FLECK, JASON GREENWOOD, LESLIE HESS, MICHAEL JONES, CRAIG LIVESAY AND JOLOU TRUJILLO-OTTINO PART I, LINE 7 CONSISTENT WITH THE ORGANIZATION'S OVERALL COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY, OFFICERS, HIGHLY COMPENSATED, AND OTHER DESIGNATED EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATE IN AN ORGANIZATION INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN. THE PLAN CONTAINS METRICS WHICH REPRESENT STRATEGIC PLAN MEASURES THAT ARE DETERMINED ANNUALLY BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. AN OVERALL WEIGHTED SCORE IS CALCULATED BASED ON ACHIEVING A RANGE OF PLAN MEASURES. THE GOALS INCLUDE PRESERVATION OF INCOME WHICH PROVIDES THE ORGANIZATION WITH THE RESOURCES NECESSARY TO ACCOMPLISH ITS CHARITABLE PURPOSES. BRUCE SPIGNER BOARD MEMBER 139345 CONTRACTED PROVIDER PAYMENTS WERE MADE TO BOARD MEMBER BRUCE SPIGNER CONSISTENT WITH REGULAR COMPANY REIMBURSEMENT RATES. 0 RICHARD B HIGGS DDS PC BOARD MEMBER 234253 CONTRACTED PROVIDER PAYMENTS WERE MADE TO BOARD MEMBER RICHARD B HIGGS CONSISTENT WITH REGULAR COMPANY REIMBURSEMENT RATES. 0 WARREN AND HAGERMAN DENTAL PLLC MICHAEL A. WARREN OWNS MORE THAN 35% OF WARREN & HAGERMAN DENTAL 345743 CONTRACTED PROVIDER PAYMENTS WERE MADE TO WARREN AND HAGERMAN DENTAL PLL CONSISTENT WITH REGULAR COMPANY REIMBURSEMENT RATES. BOARD MEMBER MICHAEL A. WARREN OWNS MORE THAN 35% OF WARREN & HAGERMAN DENTAL. 0 TANGERINE DENTAL GROUP LLP SHAHARYAR ASHRAF OWNS MORE THAN 35% OF TANGERINE DENTAL GROUP LLP 130946 CONTRACTED PROVIDER PAYMENTS WERE MADE TO ASHRAF AND TANGERINE DENTAL GROUP LLP CONSISTENT WITH REGULAR COMPANY REIMBURSEMENT RATES. BOARD MEMBER SHAHARYAR ASHRAF OWNS MORE THAN 35% OF TANGERINE DENTAL GROUP LLP. 0 FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 6 ANY ETHICAL DENTIST DULY LICENSED AND IN GOOD STANDING IN THE STATE OF ARIZONA IS ELIGIBLE TO BE A MEMBER OF THE ORGANIZATION. MEMBERS ELECT THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. MEMBERS DO NOT HAVE AN OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN THE ORGANIZATION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7A MEMBERS OF THE ORGANIZATION HAVE AUTHORITY TO ELECT DELTA DENTAL'S GOVERNING BODY. NO OTHER GROUP OR PERSON CAN VOTE FOR THOSE WHO SERVE ON THE ORGANIZATION'S GOVERNING BODY. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION A, LINE 7B THE ORGANIZATION'S BYLAWS MAY BE ALTERED, AMENDED OR REPEALED AND NEW BYLAWS MAY BE ADOPTED ONLY BY THE AFFIRMATIVE VOTE OF TWO THIRDS OF THE MEMBERS PRESENT AT A MEETING OF THE MEMBERS AT WHICH A QUORUM IS PRESENT. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B THE ORGANIZATION HAS A PROCESS FOR THE GOVERNING BODY TO RECEIVE AND REVIEW THE 990 BEFORE IT IS FILED. THAT PROCESS INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING STEPS 1. MANAGEMENT'S ENGAGEMENT OF OUTSIDE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES TO PREPARE AND DRAFT THE FORM 990. 2. MANAGEMENT'S REVIEW OF THE DRAFT FORM 990 TO CHECK FOR ACCURACY. 3. PROVIDING THE PROPOSED FINAL DRAFT OF THE FORM 990 TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS BEFORE FILING THE DOCUMENT WITH THE IRS. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C THE ORGANIZATION HAS A POLICY IN PLACE TO MONITOR AND ENFORCE COMPLIANCE WITH ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICIES WHICH COVER BOTH BOARD MEMBERS AND EMPLOYEES UPON HIRE AND ANNUALLY. THEREAFTER, MEMBERS OF THE GOVERNING BOARD ARE REQUIRED TO EXECUTE THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. UPON HIRE, EMPLOYEES ARE REQUIRED TO EXECUTE THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY. THE ORGANIZATION HAS PROCEDURES IN PLACE TO ALLOW EMPLOYEES AND OFFICERS/DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY TO REPORT ANY NEWLY CREATED CONFLICTS OF INTEREST. IN ALL INSTANCES INVOLVING AN ACTUAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST, THE CONFLICTED EMPLOYEE OR BOARD MEMBER IS ASKED TO RECUSE HIMSELF FROM DELIBERATIONS ABOUT THE POTENTIAL TRANSACTION. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15 THE ORGANIZATION HAS A PROCESS IN PLACE FOR INDEPENDENT CONSULTANTS TO REVIEW AND REPORT ON COMPENSATION OF THE CEO, OFFICERS, KEY EMPLOYEES, AND BOARD MEMBER COMPENSATION WITH FINAL REVIEW AND APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. THIS INCLUDES REVIEW OF COMPARABILITY, DATA, AND OBTAINING THE INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT'S OPINION OF THE REASONABLENESS OF COMPENSATION DECISIONS MADE BY THE ORGANIZATION. INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT REVIEWS ARE PERFORMED FOR EXECUTIVE STAFF EVERY TWO YEARS AND BOARD COMPENSATION IS PERIODIC. THE INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT'S REPORT AND THE AFFIRMATION OF DISINTERESTED BOARD MEMBERS IS DOCUMENTED IN WRITING IN THE BOARD MINUTES. REVIEWS GENERALLY TAKE PLACE EVERY OTHER YEAR. REVIEWS WERE LAST PERFORMED IN 2022. FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19 AS REQUIRED BY ARIZONA STATE LAW, THE ORGANIZATION MAKES ITS GOVERNING DOCUMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC. THE ORGANIZATION DOES NOT MAKE ITS CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT AVAILABLE TO ITS MEMBERS OR TO THE PUBLIC. MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC MAY OBTAIN COPIES OF THE ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION FROM THE ARIZONA CORPORATION COMMISSION. MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC ALSO MAY OBTAIN COPIES OF DELTA DENTAL'S STATUTORY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FROM THE ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE AND FROM THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INSURANCE COMMISSIONERS. FORM 990, PART XI, LINE 9: CHANGE IN EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF CONSOLIDATED RELATED PARTIES -5,698. ARIZONA DENTAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS LLC 14850 NORTH SCOTTSDALE RD SUITE 400 SCOTTSDALE AZ 85254 364589889 HOLDING COMPANY AZ ARIZONA DENTAL INSURANCE SERVICE INC DELTA DENTAL PLAN OF ARIZONA CHARITABLE FOUNDATION AND TRUST 5656 W TALAVI BLVD GLENDALE AZ 85306 860842694 TO IMPROVE ORAL HEALTH ACROSS ARIZONA FOR INDIVIDUALS AND COMMUNITIES AZ 501(C)(3) PF N/A 0 CANYON INSURANCE SERVICE INC 5656 WEST TALAVI BLVD GLENDALE AZ 85306 412139223 INSURANCE AZ AZ DENTAL C 9218 583930 1.00000 1 SOUTHWEST BENEFIT AMINISTRATORS LLC 5656 WEST TALAVI BLVD GLENDALE AZ 85306 680586699 ADMIN SERVICES AZ AZ DENTAL C 16803910 122680 1.00000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0