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      <Desc>Research Development and Support: In 2023 our Research Development and Support program continuedto work on developing a scientific solution to allow society to end the global suffering of over one billion homeless dogs and cats every year. Though our work remained critically underfunded and thus understaffed, we continued to make advances and progress in our cruelty-free clinical studies to develop what will likely be, when completed, the world's first One Dose, edible, permanent-lasting birth control formula (the Spay and Neuter Cookie) designed to end the global dog and cat overpopulation problem. This overpopulation problem is the number one cause of suffering and death for dogs and cats worldwide. The good news is that independent veterinary pathologists continued to document an CONTINUED... increase in good test results: an increase in the very desired high impaired follicle counts, in treated canine ovaries, from a single dose of our birth control formulas. In other words, a continued increase in good test results, when we feed our rescued Pilot Pups a single cookie. We believe these may be the highest impaired follicle counts in history, from a single dose, which is very good for the animals of the world. In addition we are also happy to report that we have also had positive results from our investigations designed to find and identify additional active ingredients capable of increasing the desired impaired follicle counts. These are additional ingredients which can also serve as reproductive blockers and/or as safe ovo-toxicants, both of which are crucial to creating the One Dose permanent-lasting Spay and Neuter Cookie, which in turn is essential to ending the global cycle of suffering caused by overpopulation. We are also happy to report that we have initiated the challenging, complex process of correctly compounding and integrating multiple active ingredients into single trial formulas.We are excited because the use of multiple active ingredients has the potential to significantly increase the effectiveness of the One Dose permanent birth control formula. On the downside we also must report that the lack of funds prevents us from beginning clinical trials in CONTINUED... the U.S., trials which we need to perform in order to generate data for submission to the FDA, which we need to do in order to seek and obtain regulatory approval for use of the formula(s) in the U.S. It is important to note that when the cookie becomes ready to use, our goal is to first use it not in the U.S., but instead, in the many other countries where the animal suffering is the most severe, in countries such as India, Mexico and Egypt. In the meantime we continue to save money as much as we can for FDA purposes, while at the same time we also continue our cruelty-free studies outside the U.S. as described above. In addition to our permanent birth control studies, we expanded our outreach and recruiting, mostly through online internet campaigns, addressing a wide range of animal protection issues.</Desc>
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